微管内环己烷氧化反应研究进展

介绍了微管反应器和微管内环己烷氧化反应的特点;详述了微管内环己烷无催化氧化的反应工艺、微管内气液流动情况、反应机理以及微管内壁负载催化剂的环己烷催化氧化反应工艺;指出无催化及内壁涂覆催化剂的微管内环己烷氧化反应在改善反应的安全性、强化气液传质效果和提高催化性能等方面具有较大优势,微管内壁负载纳米金催化剂的反应器形式在环己烷氧化反应中前景看好。     

烯烃歧化反应中的负载氧化钨催化剂

综述了负载型钨基催化剂用于烯烃歧化领域的研究情况,着重介绍了负载氧化钨催化剂的制备、反应机理和工艺条件的研究,简要介绍了负载有机钨催化剂的研究进展。在此基础上,文章总结了影响负载氧化钨催化剂活性的几个重要因素,如中心金属（钨）的价态、金属中心的构型、催化剂的酸性以及负载金属的分散性等,并提出了负载型钨基歧化催化剂的研究趋势,希望能对以后开发高活性的氧化钨催化剂提供有益的指导和参考依据。     

FCC汽油加氢催化剂研究进展

综述了近年来国内外FCC汽油加氢催化剂的研究进展,具体介绍了特定催化剂的物化性能,并对不同催化剂在工业试验中的加氢性能进行了对比分析。通过数据可知,在保留传统固定床反应器的基础上优化现有的传统型催化剂,并引入硫化型负载催化剂或非负载型催化剂是加氢催化剂的重要研究方向。     

锰铈系低温SCR脱硝催化剂的研究进展

综述了负载型和非负载型锰铈催化剂的低温SCR脱硝性能,着重阐述了制备方法、制备条件以及助剂掺杂改性等对不同载体负载型低温催化剂脱硝性能的影响。在此基础上,介绍了锰铈低温SCR催化剂催化还原氮氧化物的反应机理及反应动力学,并探讨了SO2和H2O对锰铈低温SCR催化剂的毒化作用。最后针对目前存在的问题对锰铈系低温SCR催化剂的研究方向进行了展望。     

己二腈加氢制备己二胺催化剂的研究进展

简述了己二腈催化加氢的反应机理;根据催化剂形式的不同;综述了己二腈加氢制备已二胺催化剂的研究进展;介绍了Zlegler型催化剂及贵金属络合物均相催化剂、雷尼镍(Raney Ni)型催化剂及非负载型多相催化剂在己二腈催化加氢制备己二胺的应用及其优缺点;详述了负载型催化剂的研究进展及加氢效果;指出工业生产中以Raney Ni型催化剂为主,但使用寿命及环保方面限制其发展,而负载型催化剂在己二腈催化加氢具有较好的应用前景;建议今后应进一步探索己二腈催化加氢中的不同产物生成机理,改进活体的负载方式及助催化剂的研究。     

二氧化碳和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯研究进展

从均相及多相催化剂体系和反应条件等方面,综述了近年来二氧化碳和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯的研究开发最新进展。介绍了均相催化剂体系包括有机金属烷氧基化合物、碱土金属烷氧基化合物、碱性催化剂和乙酸盐催化剂;多相催化剂体系包括负载型金属催化剂、负载型固体碱催化剂和氧化物催化剂。对催化剂及反应体系的设计、光催化剂、杂多酸催化剂、离子液体体系、助催化剂及吸水剂的使用、微波加热、膜反应器以及超临界二氧化碳溶剂体系进行了评述。     

锰铈系低温SCR脱硝催化剂的研究进展

综述了负载型和非负载型锰铈催化剂的低温SCR脱硝性能,着重阐述了制备方法、制备条件以及助剂掺杂改性等对不同载体负载型低温催化剂脱硝性能的影响。在此基础上,介绍了锰铈低温SCR催化剂催化还原氮氧化物的反应机理及反应动力学,并探讨了SO2和H2O对锰铈低温SCR催化剂的毒化作用。最后针对目前存在的问题对锰铈系低温SCR催化剂的研究方向进行了展望。     

催化型低温等离子体反应器净化废气研究进展

催化型低温等离子体反应器可有效地提高废气治理的能量效率和净化效果.现有数据表明,在一定能量密度下,催化型低温等离子体反应器比传统低温等离子体反应器能量效率有1.1～12倍的提高,这和污染物种类,反应器构型及催化剂参数有关.本文介绍了反应机理、反应器构型及催化剂参数选择等对反应器性能的影响,并指出今后研究的发展方向.     

煤热解气相焦油原位催化裂解提质研究进展

煤热解是实现低阶煤分质高效利用的重要途径之一。煤热解气相焦油原位催化裂解实现焦油的轻质化,在近几年得到了较广泛的关注和研究。本文从煤热解气相焦油催化裂解提质工艺的优势、催化剂和反应器等方面对近几年的研究进展进行了综述,分析了金属氧化物、炭材料、碳基负载型催化剂、分子筛、分子筛负载型催化剂以及其它负载型催化剂,在煤热解气相焦油催化裂解提质过程中的性能、影响因素及机理,对比分析了不同反应器的性能特点和优缺点,对未来的研究重点进行了分析和展望。     

丁烯齐聚酸性催化剂的研究进展

介绍了丁烯在酸性催化剂上齐聚的反应机理,并以固体磷酸催化剂、分子筛催化剂、负载型催化剂和酸性树脂催化剂为线索,评述了国内、外用于丁烯齐聚反应的酸性催化剂的研究进展。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。