碳权环已胺用于化工装备气相保护的研究

研究了气相缓蚀剂碳酸环已胺（ＣＨＣ）用于化工装备保护的可能性。结果发现ＣＨＣ只要有饱和蒸气存在就可以提供良好的保护,而一旦脱离其蒸气氛围,即失去对金属的保护作用,并认为ＣＨＣ属物理吸附型缓蚀剂。试验结果证明,ＣＨＣ只能用于体系,得出与目前普遍认为ＣＨＣ可用于经常打开的包装体系相反的结论。     

环己胺的生产和深加工

本文列举环己胺的生产方法，介绍其在金属缓蚀剂方面的深加工产品。     

聚乙烯气相防锈膜配方设计及主要性能讨论

以熔体质量流动速率为1～2 g／10 min的LDPE为主要原料，亚硝酸钠、苯甲酸钠、辛酸二环己胺为缓蚀剂，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯为增塑剂，粒径为45μm的白炭黑作为填料，制成了聚乙烯气相防锈膜。实验结果表明，三种缓蚀剂通过复配，即能以少量的添加量制得物理性能优异、防锈效果好、加工性能好的聚乙烯气相防锈膜。     

气相色谱仪在环己胺分析中的应用

通过试验确定了较佳的色谱分析条件组合值,所确立的方法具有较好的准确性和重复性。     

2,6-二异丙基环己胺馏分测定

建立了馏分中 2 ,6 二异丙基环己胺的气相色谱方法。在弱极性的毛细管色谱柱上、1 1 0℃下用面积归一法测定 ,方法标准偏差为 0 .1 3 ,变异系数为 0 .40 % ,与化学法比较 ,相对偏差小于 2 %。     

气相酯交换法合成碳酸甲丙酯负载型催化剂的研究

考察了负载型金属氧化物催化剂对碳酸二甲酯和丙醇气相酯交换合成碳酸甲丙酯的催化性能,并采用BET、XRD、CO2-TPD方法对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,TiO2/Al2O3对反应具有较高的催化活性和稳定性.随着TiO2负载量的增加,催化剂的比表面积减小,而催化性能则随Ti负载量的增加先增加后减小,在Ti负载量为5%(wt)时活性达到最高,当Ti负载量低于5%(wt)时,TiO2可能以非晶态形式分散在Al2O3表面,而当Ti负载量高于5%(wt)时,TiO2以微晶的形式存在.CO2-TPD研究表明,负载量的改变对催化剂的碱性影响不明显.     

一缩乙二醇双氯代碳酸酯的气相色谱法测定

用气相色谱法定量测定一缩乙二醇双氯代碳酸酯含量的方法。与化学法相比,此法快速,准确。对两种分析方法的差异进行了探讨。     

含有环己胺柠檬酸盐环保型助焊剂的制备研究

环已胺柠檬酸盐是一种新型的环保型有机合成材料,广泛应用于助焊剂添加剂。文章介绍了一种环保型助焊剂的制备方法,以环已胺柠檬酸盐代替传统的环己胺盐酸盐及环己胺氢溴酸盐作为活化剂,制备的含有环己胺柠檬酸盐的助焊剂符合目前行业界的"无卤"化要求,助焊能力强,对环境污染小。     

气固两相流动的LDV测试技术研究与实施

介绍了气固两相流动的ＬＤＶ测试方法和有关技术。并对方管内网栅后气固两相流动进行了测量,固相颗粒平均粒径Ｄｐ＝９００μｍ,颗粒质量分数α＝０．２０５％、０．３０％。试验给出了管内不同断面上气流及颗粒速度分布情况,通过与纯气流条件下的试验结果比较,分析了不同质量分数的颗粒对气流速度结构的影响,并对同样条件下的颗粒与气流速度分布进行了比较。     

气体穿过筛板上固液两相流层时的阻力特性

对气体穿过筛板上固液两相流层的流动特性进行了研究,关联出了气体穿过筛板上固液两相流层时泡沫工况下的筛板压降公式,为工程应用提供实验基础。     

Control of particle size distribution of ultrafine iron particles in the gas phase reaction

Experiments on the synthesis of ultrafine iron particles have been made for the control of particle size distribution using the gas phase reduction of ferrous chloride with hydrogen. The previous studies were focused on the control of particle size of ultrafine particles with the variation of the partial pressure of reactants, residence time of feed, and reaction temperature. However, it is also very important to control the size distribution of ultrafine particles. In this study, the control of particle size distribution was investigated from the standpoint of nucleation. The variation of evaporating condition at the same evaporation rate of ferrous chloride, and of the temperature gradient of reactants between preheating zone and reaction zone were adopted as experimental variables. Ultrafine iron particles having uniform size distribution could be produced under the control of evaporating condition such as the change of the surface area at constant evaporating temperature. As the temperature gradient decreased, particle size distribution became uniform and average particle sizes were also decreased.     

Precipitation of barium carbonate from alkanolamine solution—study of CO2 absorption from landfill gas (LFG)

Addition of barium chloride (BaCl₂.2H₂O) to alknolamine aids formation of barium carbonates when landfill gas (LFG) is passed through the alkanolamine solution. The process is an economical and efficient way of removing large amounts of CO₂. Supersaturation plays an important role in this interesting process. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis of epoxy encapsulated organoclay nanocomposite latex via phase inversion emulsification and its gas barrier property

Waterborne epoxy–clay nanocomposites were prepared by encapsulation of organoclays in epoxy latex particles via phase inversion emulsification. The organoclays were exfoliated in the epoxy backbone before compounding with a hardener and subsequently dispersing in water. The encapsulation of clay platelets into the waterborne epoxy latex particle resulted in an exponential increase in particle size, from 5 to 10 times at a clay loading of only 1–2 wt%, respectively. The XRD patterns and TEM images show that clay platelets were well intercalated and exfoliated in the epoxy matrix. The gas barrier performance of the epoxy–clay nanocomposite strongly depended on the kind of organoclay. The best oxygen barrier efficiency was approximately 14% at 2 wt% clay loading.     

Dynamic method for computation of chemical and phase equilibria

A generalized approach for the calculation of complex chemical and phase equilibria is presented that is based on the simulation of the dynamic evolution of a mixture from non-equilibrium initial composition towards the final equilibrium composition. The proposed method is able to solve pure chemical or phase equilibria as well as simultaneous chemical/phase equilibria. The advantage of our approach compared to conventional equilibrium calculations is the fact that the approach is physically motivated and can handle chemical and phase equilibria as well as simultaneous chemical and phase equilibria.     

生物酶在气相催化反应中的应用

介绍了生物酶或细胞作为催化剂在气相反应及生产与分析装置中的应用情况。认为该项研究工作有待进一步开发。     

Notes on the dissolution rate of gas hydrates in undersaturated water

An elementary model for the dissolution of pure hydrate in undersaturated water is proposed that combines intrinsic decomposition within a desorption film and the subsequent diffusion of the released hydrate guest species into bulk water. Applying the proposed approach to recently published measurements of the decomposition rates of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) hydrates in deep seawater suggests that the concentration of the hydrate guest species at the interface between desorption film and diffusive boundary layer may be much lower than ambient solubility. Calculations, however, fail to account for the observed proportionality of decomposition rate with solubility for both CH₄ and CO₂ hydrates. This may indicate a limitation in the range of applicability of published formulas for intrinsic hydrate decomposition rates.     

α-呋喃甲醛气相加氢催化剂的研究

制备了一种新型的α-呋喃甲醛气相加氢催化剂,对催化剂的加氢条件进行了研究,考察了反应条件对催化剂性能的影响,得出了适宜的工艺条件。     

Liquid phase mixing and gas hold-up in a multistage-agitated contactor with co-current upflow of air/viscous fluids

A hydrodynamic study is carried out in a multistage-agitated contactor with cocurrent upflow of air/viscous fluids. The liquid phase backmixing is characterized through a residence time distribution study in various viscous fluids (up to 20 mPa s). The liquid Reynolds number with respect to the impeller applied in the investigation ranges from 1000 to 50 000. A cascade of stirred tanks with back flow model satisfactorily fits all experimental residence time distribution curves in the present study. It is found that the increase in the liquid viscosity reduces the backmixing in the liquid phase due to its dampening effect on turbulence. The presence of the gas phase helps in reducing the backmixing by the straightening effect and entrainment effect in a co-current operation manner. The gas hold-up measured in the present study is comparable to the literature data. A new type of correlation taking into account the influence of the gas phase is proposed to predict the backmixing in a multistage-agitated contactor.