Seismic behavior of coupled shear wall structures with various concrete and steel coupling beams

A novel 2‐level yielding steel coupling beam (TYSCB) has been developed to enhance the seismic performance of coupled shear wall systems. The TYSCB consists of a shear‐yielding beam designed to yield first under minor earthquakes and a bend‐yielding beam designed to yield under severe earthquakes. A comparison of seismic behavior of 4 20‐storey coupled shear wall structures with reinforced concrete coupling beams, complete steel coupling beams, fuse steel coupling beams, and TYSCB is presented. The dimensions and force‐displacement curves of these coupling beams are first designed. Nonlinear dynamic analyses on these structures are carried out under minor and severe earthquakes. The seismic behavior of these models is studied by comparing their storey shear forces, storey drift ratios and ductility demands. The results show that the base shear and storey drift of the structure with TYSCB under both minor and severe earthquakes are less than those of structures with concrete coupling beams and complete steel coupling beams. Furthermore, the ductility demand of coupled shear walls with TYSCB subjected to severe earthquakes can be greatly released compared with those using fuse steel coupling beams. This indicates that the proposed TYSCB has a better balance between ductility demand and energy dissipation, compared to traditional steel coupling beams.     

Seismic behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular frame to RC shear wall high-rise mixed structures

Composite frames consisting of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns and steel beam are being used more and more popularly in building structures. In China, the composite frame structures are often mixed with reinforced concrete shear walls to form a high-rise building system. However, there was seldom information on the seismic performance of this kind of mixed construction. Shaking table tests on two building models with 30 storeys consisting of composite frames and RC shear walls were thus presented in this paper. CFST columns with circular and square sections were used in the composite frames respectively. Three kinds of real earthquake records, including Taft (EW), El Centro (NS) and Tianjin waves with peak accelerations of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, and 0.8g, were applied respectively to simulate different levels of earthquakes in the tests. It was found that the composite frames cooperated well with the core RC shear wall structure under earthquakes, and the two building models exhibited excellent seismic performance.     

复杂高层建筑抗震与消能减震研究进展

复杂高层建筑的震害在近来的历次地震中都有发生,其抗震分析和设计难度较大,提高其抗震性能是当前建筑抗震的难点之一。通过对近10年来国内在复杂高层建筑抗震方面的研究进行回顾和总结,重点介绍了组合剪力墙及筒体结构、钢管混凝土结构、结构模型振动台试验和三种消能减震方法。提出了采用新型高效的结构体系及高性能抗震部件或消能减震新技术改善复杂高层建筑抗震性能。这些研究工作与工程实践紧密结合,大部分研究成果已在实际工程中成功应用。图18参28     

考虑组合楼板变形的高层钢结构地震作用分析

本文基于正交异性板壳有限元理论,分析了组合楼板对结构平面布置不规则的高层钢结构受力性能的影响。通过有限元分析,确定了发生平面内剪切变形时组合楼板的有效高度。结合两个工程实例。分别按弹性正交异性楼板、刚性楼板两种假定对整体结构进行水平地震作用分析。两种模型计算结果的对比分析表明．弹性正交异性板壳单元模型能更准确地分析结构的周期、内力、位移等参数。     

Effect of vertical structural irregularity on seismic design of tall buildings

Many tall buildings are practically irregular as an entirely regular high‐rise building rarely exists. This study is thus devoted to assessing the approach and coefficients used in the seismic design of real‐life tall buildings with different vertical irregularity features. Five 50‐story buildings are selected and designed using finite element models and international building codes to represent the most common vertical irregularities of reinforced concrete tall buildings in regions of medium seismicity. Detailed fiber‐based simulation models are developed to assess the seismic response of the five benchmark buildings under the effect of 40 earthquake records representing far‐field and near‐source seismic scenarios. The results obtained from a large number of inelastic pushover and incremental dynamic analyses provide insights into the local and global seismic response of the reference structures and confirm the inferior local response of tall buildings with severe vertical irregularities. Due to the significant impacts of the severe irregularity types on the seismic response of tall buildings, the conservative code approach and coefficients are recommended for design. It is also concluded that although the design coefficients of buildings with moderate irregularities are adequately conservative, they can be revised to arrive at more consistent safety margins and cost‐effective designs.     

高层建筑结构基于性能抗震设计思想的应用

天津于家堡金融区四幢超高层建筑,分别采取了支撑框架-核心筒、钢筋混凝土筒中筒、带有加强层的框架-核心筒以及方钢管密柱钢框架-钢筋混凝土核心筒的结构体系,均为超限结构。在结构设计中应用了基于性能的抗震设计思想,在满足规范要求的基础上,分别采取了不同的性能指标,从计算和构造两个方面保证结构抗侧力构件在中震和大震作用下达到预期性能,提高了结构设计的安全性与合理性。     

底部采用高性能纤维增强混凝土的RC剪力墙结构抗震性能分析

剪力墙结构底部采用高性能纤维增强混凝土材料（ECC）能够减轻底部剪力墙在地震中的损伤程度,提高结构震后可恢复性。为考察底部采用ECC材料后整体结构的抗震性能,以我国抗震设防烈度为8度、设计基本地震加速度值为0.2g的高烈度抗震设防区RC剪力墙结构为对象,建立了高度、ECC设置高度和剪力墙整体性系数不同的结构模型,并进行有限元动力时程分析,考察底部采用ECC材料的剪力墙结构与普通RC剪力墙结构抗震性能的差别;分析剪力墙结构在罕遇地震作用下发生预期延性破坏模式时的弯矩需求。结果表明,对于位于设防烈度为8度、设计基本地震加速度值为0.2g抗震设防区的剪力墙结构,将剪力墙底部采用ECC材料后,其在罕遇地震作用下能够耗散更多地震能量,剪力墙开裂的程度和概率明显减小;在剪力墙底部加强区第1~2层采用ECC材料后,ECC层及其相邻上层会发生弯曲破坏;底部加强区第1~3层剪力墙都采用ECC时,剪力墙屈服都集中在ECC层,在罕遇地震作用下ECC层以上剪力墙实现预设延性破坏模式的受弯需求不大于其受弯能力;建议25层以下的剪力墙结构在底部第1~3层范围内采用ECC材料。     

我国高层建筑结构综述(上)

本文介绍我国高层建筑的发展概况、一些结构体系的特点和适用范围(包括楼板体系)。文中还扼要介绍了高层建筑结构的一些科研成果和设计经验,其中包括:剪力墙的形式及其设计,地震区底层大空间剪力墙结构,框架一剪力墙结构中剪力墙的合理数量及柱截面的选定,楼板变形对高层建筑结构内力的影响,筒体结构的试验研究,高层建筑结构动力特性,高层建筑风荷载体型系数及沿高度分布的研究。     

高层建筑组合结构分层模型弹塑性动力分析

高层建筑钢筋砼剪力墙(或薄壁筒)和钢框架组合结构在工程中已开始使用,其高度往往超过60m,按规范应采用输入地震波进行时程分析。本文将钢筋砼剪力墙(或内筒)和钢框架分别作为分层多质点体系,组成并联双列多质点振动模型,采用步步积分直接求解动力方程方法得到地震过程中结构动力反应值。进行弹塑性分析时,钢筋砼部分采用三线性滞回线,钢结构部分采用双线性滞回线。     

深圳湾总部大楼罕遇地震作用弹塑性分析

深圳湾总部大楼为一栋高度为400 m的复杂超高层建筑,采用密柱框架 核心筒结构体系。密柱外框架由56根钢柱组成,梁柱连接采用完全偏心节点,外框架的刚度相对较弱。塔楼高区由于建筑体型收进,核心筒采用2层斜墙过渡收进。设计采用箱型钢梁和箱型钢柱组成密柱外框架,在核心筒剪力墙内埋设型钢加强,密柱外框架与核心筒剪力墙的抗震性能要求均提高至中震弹性。运用ABAQUS和BEPTA程序,将梁、柱和剪力墙的材料非线性在应力 应变层次上予以精确模拟,同时考虑结构的几何非线性,进行结构在罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析,研究结构在罕遇地震作用下的抗震性能。结果表明：密柱外框架具有较高的抗震承载力,可以起到第二道抗震防线的作用;结构的层间位移角满足规范的限值要求;密柱外框架与核心筒剪力墙的主承重构件均未出现明显损坏,结构具有较好的抗震性能。     

Nonlinear seismic assessment of irregular coupled wall systems using high‐performance fiber‐reinforced cement composites

Reinforced concrete coupled wall systems that consist of multiple shear walls linked by coupling beams are known to be very effective for resisting lateral loads in high‐rise buildings. As to improving the seismic capacity of coupled wall systems, high‐performance fiber‐reinforced cement composites (HPFRCCs) have been recently considered. These materials are characterized by tension strain‐hardening behavior that can improve the ductility and toughness of structures subjected to reversed cyclic loading. In this study, nonlinear finite element analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of HPFRCCs on the seismic behavior of irregular tall buildings with coupled wall systems. The coupling beams were modeled using moment hinge elements, and the structural walls were modeled using fiber elements. Comparisons between analysis and test results of coupled wall specimens with and without HPFRCCs indicate that the modeling methods used well predict both the overall and local behaviors. The responses of a 56‐story irregular tall building with coupled walls are discussed with focus on the effects of HPFRCCs. It is noted that the use of HPFRCCs in coupling beams and structural walls of one‐fourth height from the base greatly affects the failure mode. For irregular tall buildings, nonlinear response history analysis indicates higher mode effects are critical.     

基于Perform-3D剪力墙的弹塑性数值分析

钢筋混凝土剪力墙是高层结构抗震的主要抗侧力构件之一。针对其弹塑性行为的特点,目前已发展了多种微观和宏观分析模型。基于Perforn-3D程序中的纤维墙单元,对3个典型的剪力墙试验构件进行低周反复数值模拟,并对材料的本构和建模参数进行了详细的讨论。计算结果表明,该分析方法能够较好地从宏观角度模拟剪力墙的弹塑性行为,适用于高层建筑结构的整体弹塑性分析和抗震性能评估。     

钢纤维混凝土局部增强高层建筑结构构件的研究

对钢纤维混凝土的性能和高层建筑结构设计的特点做了分析,综述了钢纤维混凝土在局部增强高层建筑结构构件的物理性能和力学性能、改善结构的整体抗震性能方面的研究和应用.     

Verification of performance criteria using shake table testing for the vulnerability assessment of reinforced concrete buildings

Shake table experiments are conducted to support the selection of performance criteria and to verify the inelastic modeling approach for developing the fragility functions of reinforced concrete buildings. Two frames representing the lateral force‐resisting system of a preseismic code building are tested under the effect of an earthquake record with increasing severity. Shear failure is detected in columns at a PGA of 1.28g before other failure modes, which was effectively predicted by the fiber‐based numerical model, performance criteria, and shear supply approaches adopted for vulnerability assessment. Five buildings, ranging from 2 to 40 stories, are then assessed under the effect of far‐field and near‐source earthquake records, considering the experimentally verified modeling approach and shear failure prediction models that account for flexural ductility and shear‐axial force interaction. The impact of considering shear response on the vulnerability assessment results is considerable, particularly for the lower‐height wall structures when subjected to the near‐source earthquake scenario. Higher modes dominate the behavior of wall structures, principally under the latter seismic scenario, and shift their response to shear‐controlled. Therefore, seismic scenario‐structure‐based performance criteria are adopted for developing a range of analytically derived, experimentally verified fragility functions for the earthquake loss estimation of buildings with different characteristics.     

由钢筋混凝土剪力墙和钢管混凝土框架组成的高层组合结构抗震性能研究

建筑结构中,由钢管混凝土柱和钢梁组成的组合框架得到广泛应用。在中国,组合框架结构常与钢筋混凝土剪力墙组合构成高层建筑结构。然而,对这种结构抗震性能的研究却很少。对2个由组合框架和钢筋混凝土剪力墙组成的30层建筑模型进行振动台试验,组合框架分别采用钢管混凝土圆柱和方柱;分别选用了加速度峰值为0.2g,0.4g,0.6g及0.8g的Taft波,ElCentro波和天津波。结果表明:地震作用下组合框架能很好地与核心混凝土剪力墙结构共同工作,2个模型均表现出了很好的抗震性能。     

基于滞回耗能谱的钢板剪力墙结构性态设计方法

结构在地震作用下的损伤往往与地面运动的加速度循环特征密切相关,为反映这种地面运动特征,引入了累积延性比,并结合标准化的滞回耗能谱,提出了钢板剪力墙（SPSW）结构基于能量的性态抗震设计方法。该方法给出了SPSW结构中钢梁、钢柱、剪力墙板累积滞回耗能的计算方法,引入捏缩系数来反映构件的滞回特性,采用能力设计方法确定剪力墙板周边的梁、柱截面,确保SPSW结构在罕遇地震作用下出现理想的塑性机构。通过对1榀10层3跨的SPSW结构算例分析,采用弹塑性时程分析对所设计结构进行了验证。计算结果表明：结构最大楼层侧移平均值满足我国现行抗震规范的要求,与设计假定的目标侧移基本一致,验证了建议方法的合理性。     

某钢与混凝土混合结构超高层的抗震性能分析——弹塑性时程分析

某框架-核心筒超高层结构,采用钢管混凝土柱、型钢混凝土梁框架及钢筋混凝土核心筒的混合结构形式。弹塑性时程分析表明结构满足规范的"大震不倒"要求,并给出了结构薄弱部位。同时,以此工程为例,通过大量的计算,重点分析了地震波选取、阻尼比取值、钢筋强度等级等因素对计算结果的影响及大震弹性计算与大震弹塑性计算的区别。结果表明,对于超高层结构,地震波持时对结果影响很大,阻尼比改变对结果影响较小,采用HRB500钢筋后结构刚度有所增大,大震弹性和大震弹塑性的位移结果接近。     

联肢钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙性能化设计方法及静力弹塑性分析

为代替传统的钢筋混凝土剪力墙,充分发挥组合剪力墙结构体系的良好抗震性能,使其易于满足9度抗震设防的设计要求,同时控制墙肢的厚度,以便获取更大的建筑使用面积,钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙被设计应用于9度区高层建筑结构中.根据LEELATAVIWAT等提出的塑性设计方法,并结合对应的内力调整措施,对基于能量平衡的组合联肢剪力墙结...     

配筋混凝土砌块砌体小高层框支结构抗震研究

论述了与配筋混凝土砌块砌体小高层框支结构相关的剪力墙及房屋抗震设计和性能的研究进展概况，介绍了其需要重点研究的几个方面，促进其在抗震设计中广泛地应用。     

天津现代城办公塔楼抗震设计研究

天津现代城办公塔楼建筑高度339m,采用带加强层的框架-核心筒混合结构体系,为超B级高度超限高层。外框柱为矩形钢管混凝土柱,和伸臂桁架连接的框柱截面适当加大,低区核心筒为型钢混凝土剪力墙。首层层高16.8m,首层核心筒和相邻层采用了钢板混凝土剪力墙,为提高框架刚度首层顶框架梁采用外包钢-混凝土组合梁。首层矩形钢管混凝土柱施工阶段应力较大,对此进行了有限元分析并采用了设置拉杆的措施。介绍了工程的结构体系特点、抗震性能化设计原则和方法、整体计算结果、罕遇地震下弹塑性时程分析结果及地基基础设计。