单胞菌产几丁质酶的酶学性质研究

对从海水中分离得到的嗜水气单胞菌所产的几丁质酶的酶学性质进行研究.其最适pH为7.0左右,最适反应温度为45 ℃左右.在40 ℃以下有良好的热稳定性,12 h仍有50%残余酶活.Mg2 对酶有激活作用,Cu2 和Al3 对酶有明显的抑制作用.该酶对底物的亲和力很大,水解几丁质的Km值为29.15 g/L.     

高温甲壳素降解酶产生菌筛选及其酶学性质研究

采用平板透明圈法,结合摇瓶筛选得到一株高温甲壳素降解酶高产菌芽孢杆菌HU1,其甲壳素降解酶活力达到606U/mL.对其部分酶学性质进行了分析,结果表明:该酶的最适酶解温度为60℃,最适pH为6.5,对GlcNAcGlcNAc键具有较强的专一性,对CMC、纤维素、可溶性淀粉等无降解活性.一价的金属离子Na+、K+对该酶作用不明显;Mg2+、Zn2+、Ca2+对其有明显的促进作用;而Cu2+、Fe3+则具有显著的抑制作用.此外,酶活力还受DTT及SDS抑制,不受EDTA影响.     

高产酯化酶红曲菌的筛选、鉴定及酶学性质研究

该研究从研究室保藏的10株红曲霉菌株中筛选高产酯化酶菌株,通过分子生物学技术对其进行鉴定,并对其最适培养基进 行选择,最后对其所产的酯化酶酶学特性进行初步研究。结果表明,筛选获得一株高产酯化酶菌株X1,并被鉴定为血红红曲霉（Monascus sanguineus）。 其最适产酶培养基为可溶性淀粉70g/L,大豆蛋白胨20g/L,NaNO3 2 g/L,KH2PO4 1 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 2g/L, 初始pH值4.5。采用最优培养基,在30℃、180 r/min条件下发酵4d,酯化酶活力为315.19 U/mL。 该酯化酶的最适反应温度为40℃,在 25～35℃范围内稳定性较好;最适pH值为5.0,在pH为6.0时稳定性较高;金属离子Ca2+可提高该酯化酶活性,Mg2+、Fe2+、Na+和Ag+则有 不同程度抑制作用,且Ag+抑制作用最明显。     

玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶酶学性质研究

探究了温度和pH值对玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶的活性影响,明确了该酶的最适反应温度为37℃,最适反应pH值为8。Li+及Mg2+对该酶有激活作用,Cu2+、Mn2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Fe3+、EDTA等对该酶有抑制作用。并通过化学修饰的方法初步考察了该酶的功能基团,结果表明该酶的活性中心与丝氨酸和赖氨酸密切相关。     

韦伯灵芝漆酶的分离纯化及其性质

采用硫酸铵分级盐析、透析、聚乙二醇浓缩和高效液相色谱柱层析从韦伯灵芝TZC-1 发酵液中分离纯化得到电泳纯漆酶,其纯化倍数为37.1 倍,酶活性回收率为21.3%。活性-PAGE(聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳)结果表明该漆酶由一种同工酶组成,纯化漆酶经SDS-PAGE 检测显示为单一条带,其分子质量约为40kD。该漆酶催化底物ABTS 的最适反应温度为50～60℃,最适反应pH 值为4.6,在60℃以下和pH3.0～5.0 范围内保持稳定,以ABTS为底物的表观Km 值为13.8μmol/L。Fe2+ 完全抑制酶活,Al3+ 和Mn2+ 对该漆酶也有明显抑制作用,Hg+、Cu2+ 和Mg2+ 对该酶有明显激活作用,而Zn2+、Ba2+ 及K+ 对该酶活性影响不大。     

串珠镰孢菌来源的角质酶基因的克隆表达及其酶学性质

克隆一个来源于串珠镰孢菌(Fusarium moniliforme Sheld)的角质酶基因,该基因全长693 bp,编码231个成熟的氨基酸。克隆的角质酶基因构建到pPIC9K质粒,获得重组表达载体,转入毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris Gs115)中进行高效表达。经甲醇诱导96 h,测得重组酶酶活为71.68 U/mL,经纯化获得比活力为2490.1 U/mg。对纯化后的角质酶进行酶学性质分析结果表明,其最适反应pH为9.0,在pH5.0~9.0范围内之间重组角质酶的酶活相对稳定;最适反应温度为35 ℃,在40 ℃条件下保温1 h酶活力保持70%以上。KCl、Triton X-100、MnCl₂、SDS对该酶活有促进作用,NaCl、BaCl₂、CuSO₄、Tween-20、FeSO₄、ZnSO₄、NiCl₂、EDTA、Tween-80对该酶活有抑制作用。     

皱胃酶酶学性质的研究

研究了皱胃酶的酶学性质。皱胃酶的最适作用温度和最适pH值分别为42℃和6.0。在45℃以下和pH4.5～7.0范围内,酶活保持稳定。Ca2+、Na+、Fe3+对皱胃酶的凝乳有明显的促进作用,Mg2+、Cu2+、Ba2+对凝乳有抑制作用。并研究了底物浓度对酶反应的影响。     

牛肝锌离子螯合酶粗酶液的特性

以牛肝脏中锌离子螯合酶粗酶液为研究对象,对其特性进行研究。结果表明:锌离子螯合酶的最适pH值为6.0,最适温度为60℃;最初的底物浓度与相对酶活力呈正相关;该酶能催化利用含有卟啉环的物质,对原卟啉二钠催化效果尤其明显;单一的激活剂VC、三磷酸腺苷(ATP)对锌离子螯合酶有激活作用,相对酶活力随其添加浓度的增加而升高;金属离子(Fe2+、Mg2+)对锌离子螯合酶有抑制作用。     

Paenibacillus puldeungensis LK18普鲁兰酶基因的克隆表达及酶学性质研究

本研究根据类芽孢杆菌的普鲁兰酶基因的保守区设计兼并引物,从Paenibacillus puldeungensis LK18中扩增出普鲁兰酶基因(pul A),将其连接至p ET-28a(+)载体上,构建出重组表达载体p ET-28a(+)-pul A,转入到EscherichiacoliBL21(DE3)中,成功地表达了重组普鲁兰酶。结果表明:该普鲁兰酶基因全长1968 bp,编码655个氨基酸。通过Ni柱亲和层析纯化出重组蛋白,测定其比酶活为508.8 U/mg,分子量约为76.95 ku。该重组酶的最适反应温度为45℃,在35℃～40℃下保温120 min后剩余酶活达60%以上;最适作用p H为6.0,在p H 6.0～8.0条件具有较好的稳定性;10 mmol/L的K+和Mg~(2+)对该重组普鲁兰酶有激活作用,而Zn~(2+)、Mn~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ca~(2+)等对其有不同程度的抑制作用。本研究成功地构建出一株可高效表达普鲁兰酶的重组菌株,具备一定的工业应用价值。     

透性化细胞海藻糖合酶特性的研究

海藻糖是一种新型食品添加剂，目前多以微生物酶法生产。海藻糖合酶是近年来新发现的一种海藻糖合成酶。本文研究了经渗透细胞技术处理得到的透性化细胞海藻糖合酶的酶学特性。结果表明，该细胞酶的反应最适温度为35℃，最适pH7.4,Mg^2 及K^ 对该细胞酶有明显激活作用，Zn^2 ,Mn^2 及Cu^2 则可强烈地抑制酶活力。该酶对底物特异性极强，能特异性地将麦芽糖转化为海藻糖。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press