新疆台兰河地下水库结构研究

利用水文地质调查资料、地球物理ＴＥＭ电磁测深技术,结合工程地质钻探和抽水试验等资料,对新疆台兰河地下水库的成库条件、水量交换条件和可利用条件进行了研究,结果表明:台兰河地下水库具有一定的封闭性和含水规模,埋深适宜且能够快速进行水量交换,因此可以修建。分析结果为台兰河地下水库的建设提供了理论依据,为西北干旱内陆区地下水库研究提供了参考。     

辽宁省白石水库诱发地震可能性分析

本文依据目前国内外有关水库诱发地震研究的最新成果,结合库、坝区的实际情况和野外观察,使用对比分析方法,对白石水库诱发地震的可能性作较为全面的分析。     

某水库库区古滑坡体安全监测与资料分析

为了解某水库蓄水后对库区古滑坡体的影响,对该滑坡体建立了自动化安全监测系统。监测项目包括表面及内部变形、地下水位、降雨量及库水位,系统采用太阳能供电、GSM通讯。通过对滑坡体安全监测资料分析,认为该滑坡体目前基本稳定;当水库水位在149 m以上骤降时,地下水位滞后于库水位下降,不利于滑坡体稳定,应提高观测频次及资料分析。     

葛洲坝水库冲淤规律及航道变化

根据葛洲坝水库近20a水文泥沙观测成果,分析了库区水力条件的变化,阐述了水库泥沙淤积的动态特征与基本规律,浅滩演变与航道变化。葛洲坝枢纽运用一期,库区淤积即基本平衡,经过多年冲淤冲淤调整与交换,水库平衡淤积量约1．5亿m^2,库区淤积主要在常年回水区的宽谷段,其淤积末端距坝120km处,库尾河道及浅滩仍保持蓄水前的演变形势,库区险滩水流条件及航道均得到不同程度的改善。     

Assessment of landed and non-landed by-catch of walleye, yellow perch and white perch from the commercial gillnet fisheries of Lake Erie, 1994-2007

Theoretical by-catch (including landed and non-landed bycatch) of walleye (S. vitreus), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), and white perch (Morone americana) from the Lake Erie commercial gillnet fisheries during 1994-2007, was predicted by a delta model developed on the fishery-independent survey data (Lake Erie Partnership Index Fishing Survey). The delta model consisted of one generalized additive model and one AdaBoost model. The generalized additive model was used to predict non-zero catches of the by-catch species, and the AdaBoost model was used to predict the probability of obtaining non-zero catches. Non-landed by-catch was estimated as the difference between the theoretical by-catch predicted from the delta model and the landed by-catch recorded in the commercial fishery data. The theoretical by-catch of walleye was relatively higher in the west basin in October. A higher theoretical by-catch of yellow perch occurred in the west central basin in November, and a higher theoretical by-catch of white perch occurred in the west central basin in October. We observed higher levels of non-landed by-catch of walleye in the west basin during August to September, higher levels of non-landed by-catch of yellow perch in the west central and east central basins in November, and higher levels of non-landed by-catch of white perch in the west basin in August and November. The combination of the AdaBoost model with the delta model provided an alternative model in by-catch analyses when the percentage of zero observations was high.     

河西水库坝体填筑质量调查与分析

通过现场勘察及室内试验的方法,对山东省河西水库坝体的填筑质量进行分析和评价。分析结果表明,坝体心墙的壤土结合效果以及土料质量良好,但部分标段的抗液化能力弱,防渗性能不佳。根据坝体存在的问题,提出了增强填筑质量的相应措施,该研究对坝体的除险加固,安全隐患的消除以及水库效益的发挥有着一定的指导作用。     

水库水动力对水体富营养化影响

当氮磷浓度达到富营养水平时,水动力条件(流量、流速和水位)可能成为制约因子,抑制水华发生.河道型深层出水的水库相对于湖泊型表层出水的水库,因为较大交换流量,较低营养盐浓度,保证了浮游植物和藻类较低的现存量.进一步研究水文条件(滞留时间、水位变化和水流运动)发现,保持较低的滞留时间、较高的水位和底层较低的流速,都有利于水库水体中营养盐和藻类的稀释,不利于浮游植物和藻类的生长,减缓水体富营养化进程.     

湖南株树桥水库大坝的变形研究

株树桥水库大坝为我国第一批兴建的面板坝工程,工程运行以来,大坝存在着坝肩变形较大而使周边缝止水破坏,水库出现渗漏;大坝沉降量大且上下游坝体沉降差较大等方面的变形问题,分析原因有:①两岸贴坡面板周边缝处,岩石基础坡面与填筑料坡面的过渡,存在填筑料厚度过小或者突变情况;②坝体填筑料特性差异较大;③施工时对特殊垫层压实度不够.     

西北某水库库区泥石流形成条件及运动特征研究

西北某水电站位于准噶尔—北天山褶皱系南部的北天山优地槽褶皱带中部。在对库区相关泥石流沟谷的形成条件进行分析的基础上,重点研究了泥石流的流速、流量和冲击力等运动特征。研究表明,库区西岔沟和雪水沟泥石流具有一定的规模,而坝前沟、坝后沟的规模则比较小,发生频率也相应较低,对水电站的影响也比较有限。而对西岔沟和雪水沟来说,考虑10 a、50 a一遇的泥石流的规模相对库容来说也相对不大,因此对电站所能造成的损害亦较小。     

金沙江干流山区水库通航流态三维数值模拟研究

采用三维水动力学模型,借助非结构网格重构地形,开展了金沙江干流山区水库通航流态的数值模拟研究。以攀枝花河段为例,选取不同的来流条件进行了模拟,重点关注了水深、流速、平面流场和典型弯道的环流结构等水动力学特性,进一步对河段可能的碍航点进行了分析。计算结果表明:在一定的出流边界条件下,河道水深整体呈沿程递增趋势,基本可满足三级航道标准;同时某些流量级下,局部卡口、突扩和弯道河段可能出现碍航流态。研究结果可为金沙江梯级水库群联合调度提供技术参考。     

331省道盱眙段扩建工程梁项水库占用工程技术要点初探

331省道盱眙绕城段改扩建工程施工直接影响到梁项水库蓄水、防洪与大坝堤身安全,本文分步骤祥述了梁项水库施工占用水库库容及附属工程补偿技术要点和解决方案。     

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus infection in Yellow perch, Perca flavescens, in Lake Erie

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infects wild and hatchery fish in Europe, Japan, and the Great Lakes and Pacific regions of North America. The virus was associated with a large die-off of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, in Lake Erie in 2006. To determine the infection pattern of VHSV, we sampled yellow perch during the spring, summer, and fall of 2007 and 2008 in the central basin of Lake Erie during routine sampling by the Ohio Division of Wildlife with bottom trawls in nearshore, mid-depth, and offshore locations near the Chagrin River. The Ohio Department of Agriculture's Diagnostic Laboratories and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's La Crosse Fish Health Center tested for VHSV from homogenized samples obtained from yellow perch kidney, spleen, and brain. At each lake sample location, we also measured temperature, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity. In both years, we found yellow perch infected with VHSV during a three-week period starting in the last week of spawning to early June. A high proportion of adult male and female yellow perch tested positive for VHSV during the infection period in our sample population. Infection appeared to be associated with temperatures between 12 and 18 °C and with significantly higher yellow perch densities during spawning. No large mortalities of yellow perch were observed during the VHSV infection period in 2007 and 2008.     

平陆县大河庙水库浆砌石坝体固结灌浆施工工艺

文中就大河庙水库浆砌石拱坝坝体固结灌浆施工时,钻、灌平台的搭设、钻孔机械的选择;灌浆方法等施工工艺方面进行了介绍。     

三峡库区涪陵河段河床演变分析

作者综合了国内几家研究单位的模型试验研究成果,预报了在三峡蓄水运行后涪陵河段的泥沙淤积与河床演变情况,并对城区移民迁建防护大堤的影响进行了分析研究认为,按试验优化比选后所提出的布置方案修建防护工程后,对该河段行洪能力影响较小,可彻底改变涪陵城区长江沿岸的大量边滩淤积的状态,使整个长江防护堤沿岸的水陆域条件得到较大的改善。     

堵河流域黄龙滩水库泥沙淤积分析

依据库区河床横断面测量数据,用反算法计算来沙量;通过对三角洲淤积体的分析和上游潘口水电站兴建后的影响,判断黄龙滩水库泥沙淤积趋势。经分析认为,淤积泥沙不影响水库寿命和防洪标准。     

两湖（库）的氮循环及富营养化

通过检测资料的分析，指出两湖（库）出现富营养化现象及氮是起湖（库）水体富营养化的控制因子，季节性的藻类繁殖是促成两湖（库）水质污染突变恶化的主要原因。