间断连通移动有组织网络中延时有界的概率路由策略

针对间断连通移动自组织网络(ICMAN)实际应用中对消息的送达率、发送延时及开销三项重要指标的要求,本文借助于发送延时的概率模型,分析了这三项指标的相互关系,进而提出了一种综合考虑这三种指标的延时有界的概率路由策略(BDPBR),其特点是重视精确的延时指标,而非现有算法关注的消息的平均传输延时,能以给定概率保证消息的端到端发送延时.仿真结果表明,该策略能够通过调整必需发送概率(RDP)和必需传输延时(RDD)来控制消息的实际发送率和发送延时,同时可根据RDP和RDD来调整系统开销,可按用户设定的送达率与延时指标以相应的代价发送消息,适应不同的服务要求.     

移动自组网选播路由协议ARAD

针对移动自组(ad hoc)网的特点,提出了一种适合ad hoc移动网络的选播路由协议——ARAD协议.该协议在充分考虑选播路由特点的基础上,将ad hoc按需距离矢量路由(AODV)协议的路由发现机制与动态源路由(DSR)协议的缓存源路由技术相结合,在动态变化的ad hoc网络中实现了一种高效的选播路由.模拟结果表明,在动态的网络环境下,ARAD协议能够取得良好的性能.     

关于Ad Hoc网络路由协议的探讨

Ad Hoc无线网络是一种移动通信和计算机网络相结合的网络,本文阐述了Ad Hoc无线网络的特点,并分析目前已有的路由协议,最后指出下一步研究方向。     

Ad hoc网络中基于定期巡查机制的能量度量路由协议

目前在Adhoc网络中,现性的能量度量路由协议,一旦路由选定,数据包将一直发送,直到发送完毕或者路由中某个节点的能量耗尽结束。由于大量的数据包通过同一路由持续不断的发送,假如选定路由中某个节点的剩余能量不足以支持长时间的数据发送,那么这个节点必然会提前耗尽能量导致本路由的失效。连接在这个节点的其他路由也会因此失效。为解决之一问题,提出两个新的路由机制。一个是将MMBCR的能量消耗量计算存贮时间从原来的路由请求阶段调整到路由响应阶段,二是增加定期巡查机制即(PRD-MMBCR),定期检查路由中的情况变化,并根据变化调整路由。通过NS-2模拟环境的测试,PRD-MMBCR比现有的能量度量路由协议在延长路由的生命周期方面表现优异的多。     

无线传感器网络路由协议研究综述

无线传感器网络不同于普通网络,分布式自组织性、动态拓扑性及资源有限性和应用相关性是其主要特点,所以对其路由协议有特殊的要求。本文对无线传感器网络路由协议进行分类,对几种路由协议进行分析比较,并指出其优缺点。     

浅析无线传感器网络路由协议

无线传感器网络作为计算,通信和传感器官项技术相结合的产物,目前成为计算机科学领域一个活跃的研究分支。结合近年来国外的研究成果,着重从路由协议方面介绍无线传感器网络的研究现状,比较分析了FLOODING、GOSSIPING、SPIN、DIRECTEDDIFFUsION等多种路由协议,指出了各自的特色。     

基于路由量的无线传感器网络路由协议

提出一种新颖的能量感知型无线传感器网络路由协议,并给出实现过程和仿真结果.从无线传感器网络实际的应用需求出发,综合WSN在能量高效、可扩展性、服务质量等方面的不同要求,基于重点关注节点路由量的策略,在对当前主流WSN路由协议深入研究的基础上设计出了基于路由量的动态WSN路由协议.仿真结果表明:设计的路由协议可以在传感器网络系统层面较好地改善能量消耗的有效性和均衡性,因而避免了网络中热点的过早出现,延长了整个网络的生存期.     

一种新型水下移动自组织网路由算法

目前针对移动自组织网提出的路由协议普遍存在路由发现和路由维护效率低的问题,在研究按需距离矢量(AODV)路由算法的基础上,提出了一种水下多路径选择按需距离向量算法(MAODV)。该算法采用多节点路由切换机制,在一条链路失效后不必重新启动路由发现过程,而选用备用节点构成新的链路,继续进行数据包的传输,大大节省了信息资源和带宽。计算机统计仿真表明,该MAODV方法的性能在端到端通信的平均时间延迟和数据包接收率上均优于(AODV)。有效地解决了路由协议中路由发现和路由维护效率低的问题。     

无线传感器网络路由协议的节能研究

介绍无线传感器网络特点及应用,将传感器网络路由协议分为平面路由协议和层次型路由协议,并对其中典型的路由协议进行节能方面的分析,指出路由协议未来的研究重点。     

无线网状网路由技术与协议分析

无线网状网络是由Ad Hoc网络发展而来的一种多点对多点的无线网络,目前无线网状网络的路由协议都从很大程度上参考Ad Hoc网络的路由协议,其中经典型路由协议更是直接将Ad Hoc路由协议应用于无线网状网络环境。对经典型无线网状网路由协议进行介绍,并对其中具有代表性的协议进行重点分析。     

Ad Hoc网中的OLSR路由协议研究

本文主要描述了优化链路状态路由算法(Optimized Link State Routing Protocol：“OLSR”)的特点，并且对OLSR路由算法的性能进行仿真分析。主要评估的参数有：数据分组成功接收率，数据分组投递的平均端到端时延，点到点数据传输平均速率。在此基础上研究了OLSR在传统的链路状态路由算法上引入的优化策略多点中继站(multipoint relay，MPR)：采用选择一部分邻居节点来转发控制信息。     

Two-terminal reliability analyses for a mobile ad hoc wireless network

Reliability is one of the most important performance measures for emerging technologies. For these systems, shortcomings are often overlooked in early releases as the cutting edge technology overshadows a fragile design. Currently, the proliferation of the mobile ad hoc wireless networks (MAWN) is moving from cutting edge to commodity and thus, reliable performance will be expected. Generally, ad hoc networking is applied for the flexibility and mobility it provides. As a result, military and first responders employ this network scheme and the reliability of the network becomes paramount. To ensure reliability is achieved, one must first be able to analyze and calculate the reliability of the MAWN. This work describes the unique attributes of the MAWN and how the classical analysis of network reliability, where the network configuration is known a priori, can be adjusted to model and analyze this type of network. The methods developed acknowledge the dynamic and scalable nature of the MAWN along with its absence of infrastructure. Thus, the methods rely on a modeling approach that considers the probabilistic formation of different network configurations in a MAWN. Hence, this paper proposes reliability analysis methods that consider the effect of node mobility and the continuous changes in the network's connectivity.     

应用于Ad Hoc网络的时延敏感自适应路由协议

针对Ad Hoc网络中实时业务对网络平均时延的要求,提出了一种应用于Ad Hoc网络的新型路由协议——时延敏感的自适应路由协议。该协议在保持“最少跳数”的最佳路由条件下,增加了“平均最短时延”的约束条件,从而不仅可以为实时业务(即时延敏感的业务)提供可靠的路由,同时还能根据网络节点当前的业务流量,动态地选择最佳路径,降低网络的平均时延。这是一种新型的有QoS保证的路由协议。仿真结果表明,该协议的确可以有效地改善网络的性能。     

一种基于移动代理的自组网跨层入侵检测系统

分析了Ad Hoc网络对入侵检测系统的要求,设计了一种适合移动Ad Hoc网络的基于移动代理的跨层入侵检测系统.在该系统中,检测节点监听其邻居节点网络层和MAC层的通信行为,将跨层信息作为审核数据的来源,在袭击的早期阶段就能够收集足够的袭击证据进行本地入侵检测.当本地监测信息不足以作出判断时,则引入移动代理技术进行协作检测,节约了网络资源,避免了联合检测对网络节点密度的要求,从而降低了误判率,提高了检测效率,增强了系统的分布性、灵活性和适应性.用仿真软件NS-2搭建网络仿真平台进行了仿真实验,结果表明,该检测系统能更好地保障网络安全.     

Multi-level supply chain network design with routing

Recently, the multi-level and multi-facility industrial problem in supply chain management (SCM) has been widely investigated. One of the key issues, central to this problem in the current SCM research area is the interdependence among the location of facilities, the allocation of facilities, and the vehicle routing for the supply of raw materials and products. This paper studies the supply chain network design problem, which involves the location of facilities, allocation of facilities, and routing decisions. The proposed problem has some practical applications. For example, it is necessary for third party logistics (3PL) companies to manage the design of the network and to operate vehicle transportation. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal location, allocation, and routing with minimum cost to the supply chain network. The study proposes two mixed integer programming models, one without routing and one with routing, and a heuristic algorithm based on LP-relaxation in order to solve the model with routing. The results show that a developed heuristic algorithm is able to find a good solution in a reasonable time.     

改进的蚁群算法及其在卫星网络路由计算中的应用

介绍了蚁群算法的原理，然后对现有蚁群算法进行了一些改进，使它能够快速地收敛以满足高速变化的卫星网络拓扑结构．采用改进的虚拟拓扑策略解决了卫星网络拓扑高速变换的问题．将改进的蚁群算法应用于其上，并给出了相应的性能评估．所提出的改进的虚拟拓扑策略，能够大大减少一个系统周期内卫星网的时间片个数．应用于此基础上的改进的蚁群算法也体现了较好的性能．     

Co-simulation of wireless networked control systems over mobile ad hoc network using SIMULINK and OPNET

Wireless networked control systems (WNCS) over mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a new area of research and has many potential applications, for instance, military or rescue missions, exploring hazardous environments, and so on. For performance evaluation, researchers mostly rely on computer simulations as WNCS experiments are expensive to execute. It will generate a significant benefit to conduct performance analysis of WNCS over MANET using co-simulation that utilises SIMULINK and OPtimised Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) to simulate plant/controller behaviour and the MANET, respectively. Previous conference papers by the authors reported the initial SIMULINK-OPNET co-simulation for only one network size. Here the authors present an extention of their previous work, and presents the SIMULINK-OPNET co-simulation, methodology and comprehensive simulation results that have not been reported previously. It also considers the impact of five network sizes with stationary and mobile nodes. The proposed SIMULINK-OPNET co-simulation is applied to WNCS over MANET using a realistic wireless communication model. It investigates the impact of network data rates, node mobility, the packet delay, packet drop on the system stability and performance.     

A bi-level network interdiction model for solving the hazmat routing problem

In the current work, we considered the problem of hazardous material distribution where the distributer chooses the routes on the network, and a regulatory agency controls the behaviour of the distributer to traverse the specified routes. In these circumstances, the distributer sets to select some routes to minimise the total distributing costs. Mostly, this occurs due to selecting risky arcs in which more individuals are exposed to risk. To prevent this and increase the capability to deal with the risk of hazardous material transportation through roads, the regulatory agency obliges carriers to traverse through the most secure arcs, though imposing more distribution costs. The problem is modelled as a bi-level routing problem. The bi-level model is difficult to solve and may be ill-posed. Two meta-heuristic algorithms are proposed to solve the bi-level model, and some randomly generated problems are applied to show the applicability and efficiency of the proposed algorithms.     

一种结合网络编码的路径代价衡量方法

针对无线路由协议中的路径代价衡量问题,结合网络编码改善无线节点信息互换的思想,提出了一种结合网络编码的路径代价衡量方法--RMNC,其核心思想是利用流量参数反映信息流的网络编码"搭乘"程度和逐节点计算路径的代价.通过将传输流流量参数和路径中节点左右链路信息流流量参数进行运算,获得路径上的各个节点的传输代价;网络中某一条路径的代价等于组成这条路径的节点传输代价之和,通过比较不同路径的逐节点计算代价值,获得最短路径.分析和模拟测试结果表明,RMNC可以有效地获得结合网络编码的最短路径,达到提高传输性能的目的.尽管传输延时有所增加,但可以接受,方法可行.     

Physical Internet,conventional and hybrid logistic systems: a routing optimisation-based comparison using the Eastern Canada road network case study

The Physical Internet (PI) logistics system is an innovative logistics concept that has been gathering a lot of attention lately. This system consists of open, modular and shared containers and transit hubs to move goods globally. The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance of PI with regard to the conventional (CO) logistics system in order to quantify the advantages and disadvantages of PI from a truck and driver routing perspective with an explicit constraint on maximum return time for drivers. The comparison presented in this work is carried out through Monte-Carlo simulation within a sequential three-phase optimisation framework. Based on our analysis, PI reduces driving distance (and time), GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions and the social cost of truck driving. On the other hand, it increases the number of container transfers within the PI logistics centres. This insight is a contribution of the paper and reinforces the current literature on PI. The other main contribution of the paper is a validation of the claim that the number of drivers who can go back home at the end of a work day remains consistently high in PI, regardless of the traffic level.