基于Internet的Web Services收集方法

Web Services作为一种部署在Internet上的新型的可复用软件资源,得到广泛的重视和应用。但是,现有通用搜索引擎并不能很好地支持Web Services的发现,这使得软件开发人员需要花费很大的代价寻找合适的Web Services。鉴于此,提出了一种基于Internet的Web Services获取方法,采用通用搜索引擎和特定Web Services信息发布网站相结合的方法,从Internet上收集Web Services,并从Web Services的相关网页中抽取相关描述信息。利用收集到的Web Services数据,对当前互联网上的WebServices现状进行了统计分析。这些统计结果一定程度上反映了WebServices的发展现状。     

新功能缘何少人问?——O8i用户对其网络特性持观望态度

Oracle公司已经为进入Internet时代做好了准备,但是他的用户呢?在上次Oracle公司的用户大会上,该公司的首席执行官Larry Ellison宣布了其市场及销售策略,计划将所有开发工具都集中在O8i上,并将O8i描述为唯一可以通过网络开展业务的产品。在4个月后,Oracle公司正式发行了以Internet为中心的O8i,但是用户们只是将其做为常规的软件升级使用,对其中的Internet特性似乎并     

一种面向方面的软件资源特征分析方法

针对互联网环境下存在丰富多样的软件资源,为了能够有效地重用已有的软件资源,探讨一种基于方面化特征对可用软件资源的软件分析方法。这种方法从所关注的程序切面来分析软件所能提供的功能特征,从而得到软件资源的规格描述,并通过切面结构分析建立使用软件资源的调用关系和织入点,为现有的软件资源提供一种逻辑结构描述及重用方法。通过该种软件分析方法,能够对现有异构的软件资源的重用提供一种逆向工程方法,从而能提高软件资源复用中的可用性。在对互联网中日志组件的分析中能够得到验证。     

利用ActiveX技术的Web-enabled C/S地理信息系统的设计和实现

Internet是全球性的计算机网络,它改变了传统的数据访问、数据共享和数据分发方式,在地理信息系统（GeographicInformationSystem）中,它甚至改变了信息的表现和分析手段。目前,基于Internet的地理信息系统正随着Internet和WWW相关技术的发展而讯速发展着。该文利用ActiveX技术实现了一个基于Internet的、Client／Server模式的地理信息系统,该系统基本提供了传统桌面GIS软件包的全部功能。用户可以用普通测览器（如InternetExplorer等）,象使用传统桌面GIS软件一样,在特定HTML网页中测览和操作存储在远端GIS服务器中的地图数据及关联信息。     

APP软件的用户评论模式分析方法

面对海量的APP软件,不同用户对其评论的侧重点、表达方式以及情感倾向程度等都不相同,这给APP软件的用户行为分析和质量评价带来了困难。提出一种APP软件用户评论模式分析方法,首先综合分析用户评论信息与APP软件信息之间的关系,根据用户对APP软件的评论特征将用户评论信息进行分类;接着分析每类用户评论信息的词性组合;然后计算用户评论信息的情感倾向程度,以分析出该APP软件用户的评论模式;最后通过实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于中间件的Web应用组合工具的研究

为了利用Internet上现有的软件资源进行Web应用的开发,对当前已存在的构件技术、中间件技术和软件组合技术进行了研究.在充分考虑到Web应用特点的基础上,利用中间件联结异构构件方面的优势,提出一种基于中间件技术,利用构件,通过可视化编程模型构建用户工程的方法.最后通过实例说明用户构建的工程在中间件驱动下的运行原理,显示了该方法的可行性.     

一个远程软件维护系统

高质量的软件是软件工程所要达到的目标,软件维护在其中发挥着重要的作用。但是,软件维护过程中,维护人员与用户交流困难,难以确定维护需求,从而造成维护的效率低、成本高。本文论述了一种新的软件维护的方法,即远程软件维护(RemoteSoftware Maintenance)。该方法充分利用了Internet和操作系统的功能,它可以帮助用户收集各种软件的维护信息,并通过Internet发送给软件维护人员,为维护人员提供支持。本文还给出了一个基于该方法的远程维护软件SIRMS(Software product Information collec-tion for Remote Maintenance Support)的设计及实现。SIRMS是基于Client/Server结构远程维护软件的客户端,实现了软件维护信息的自动搜集,并通过Internet发送至维护支持中心OSC(Open Support Center),是远程软件维护的有效支持工具。远程软件维护有效克服了软件维护过程的缺点,帮助维护人员确定维护需求,减轻了用户的负担,降低了软件维护的费用。     

一种基于神经网络的信息推荐方法

针对Internet上的信息过载问题,提出了一种基于内容分析的信息推荐方法。该方法使用神经网络作为知识表示和推理机制来建立用户兴趣模型,然后以用户模型为基础来预测用户对信息的偏好程度,并据此做出信息推荐。提出的方法通过一个仿真试验进行验证。     

正则表达式的Web数据提取研究

Internet正在日益成为一个重要的信息来源,如何对Web数据进行检索和加工,使得用户能够更好地利用Internet上的数据资源己经成为了新的研究热点。文中论述了半自动化数据提取算法,其中使用了基于扩展正则表达式的信息槽提取算法和基于网页特性的事件分割算法。同时描述了利用这些算法的信息提取系统,并详细介绍了系统的体系结构和实现细节。该系统可以被用于真实的Web环境中以提高存储、利用信息的效率,在一定程度上解决在Internet上获取信息及利用信息的困难。     

面向互联网的开源软件自动化评估证据框架

如何从海量的、公共可获取的互联网资源中快速定位和获取高质量、满足自身特定需求的开源软件资源是当前软件开发技术核心竞争力的一个重要体现.本文研究了互联网上开源软件各种可信证据的存在及分布形式,给出了相关数据的定位和自动化获取方法;提出了面向互联网的开源软件自动化评估证据框架,用于解决互联网数据到软件可信证据的映射问题;提出面向互联网上海量软件资源的开源软件可信证据查询平台实现方法,用于解决软件可信证据的自动化获取及使用问题;基于该系统能够极大的提高评估效率,使得用户准确、快速、全面的了解相关软件项目的各种信息.最后,通过两个典型的开源软件实例证实了上述证据框架和方法的可行性.     

Framework for evaluation and selection of the software packages: A hybrid knowledge based system approach

Evaluation and selection of the software packages is complicated and time consuming decision making process. Selection of inappropriate software package can turn out to be costly and adversely affects business processes and functioning of the organization. In this paper we describe (i) generic methodology for software selection, (ii) software evaluation criteria, and (iii) hybrid knowledge based system (HKBS) approach to assist decision makers in evaluation and selection of the software packages. The proposed HKBS approach employs an integrated rule based and case based reasoning techniques. Rule based reasoning is used to capture user needs of the software package and formulate a problem case. Case based reasoning is used to retrieve and compare candidate software packages with the user needs of the package. This paper also evaluates and compares HKBS approach with the widely used existing software evaluation techniques such as analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and weighted scoring method (WSM).     

The Package Blueprint: Visually analyzing and quantifying packages dependencies

Large object-oriented applications are structured over many packages. Packages are important but complex structural entities that are difficult to understand since they act as containers of classes, which can have many dependencies with other classes spread over multiple packages. However to be able to take decisions (e.g. refactoring and/or assessment decisions), maintainers face the challenges of managing (sorting, grouping) the massive amount of dependencies between classes spread over multiple packages. To help maintainers, there is a need for at the same time understanding, and quantifying, dependencies between classes as well as understanding how packages as containers of such classes depend on each other.In this paper, we present a visualization, named Package Blueprint, that reveals in detail package internal structure, as well as the dependencies between an observed package and its neighbors, at both package and class levels. Package blueprint aims at assisting maintainers in understanding package structure and dependencies, in particular when they focus on few packages and want to take refactoring decisions and/or to assess the structure of those packages. A package blueprint is a space filling matrix-based visualization, using two placement strategies that are enclosure and adjacency. Package blueprint is structured around the notion of surfaces that group classes and their dependencies by their packages (i.e., enclosure placement); whilst surfaces are placed next to their parent node which is the package under-analysis (i.e., adjacency placement). We present two views: one stressing how an observed package depends upon the rest of the system and another stressing how the system depends upon that package.To evaluate the contribution of package blueprint for understanding packages we performed an exploratory user study comparing package blueprint with an advanced IDE. The results show that users of package blueprint are faster in analyzing and assessing package structure. The results are proved statically significant and they show that package blueprint considerably improves the experience of standard browser users.     

DYNAMIC DISPLAY OF PERSONALIZED SOFTWARE FUNCTIONS

Generalized software packages endowed with a large spectrum of functionalities are often underutilized because users are not always aware of all the functionalities. It is hence desirable to display personalized information about the package. Though popular in web-based applications, personalization as a field of research in the design of generalized software packages is rare. This article develops a semi-Markov model of user navigation and an adaptive dynamic programming formulation to select high-utility software functions (states) for dynamically displaying them to a user. The personalization algorithm considers the interests of the software designers, the past users, and the current user. Frequency of visit to a state and the holding time in the state together determines the utility of the state. The personalization algorithm considers the interests of the software designers, the past users, and the current user. The algorithm is built in a demo package of ActiveX Servers and Controls. Graduate students tested the package. Pareto analysis and tests of hypothesis conducted on the test results indicate that the users did utilize the information on the displayed personalized software functions.     

PUPIL: A systematic approach to software integration in multi-scale simulations

We present a relatively straightforward way to integrate existing software packages into a full multi-scale simulation package in which each application runs in its own address space and there is no run-time intervention by the researcher. The PUPIL (Program for User Package Interfacing and Linking) architectural concept is to provide a simulation Supervisor, implemented as a Manager and various Workers which involve small wrapper interfaces written and installed within each application package and various communication services. The different, autonomous packages (“Calculation Units”) are plugged into the PUPIL system which one then operates as a software driver for them. Well-defined protocols are provided for communication between the different Calculation Units and the PUPIL system. The CORBA communication protocol is used to exchange information between running processes. All simulation directives from the user are stored in an XML file that is interpreted by the PUPIL Manager and Workers. An initial version has been designed using the Object Oriented (OO) paradigm and implemented in Java as a fast prototyping language. Tests of implementation ease and of operational correctness (on toy physical systems) have been carried out. In the former category, we document how interfaces to both DL_POLY and SIESTA were done relatively straightforwardly. In the latter category, the most demanding test was the joining of three different packages to do a MD calculation with pattern recognition to identify the QM-forces region and an external QM force calculation. The results show that PUPIL provides ease of operation and maintenance with little overhead.     

Enabling the creation of knowledge about software assets

In most companies two factors play a crucial role: managing the knowledge that is necessary for doing business and managing the hardware and software infrastructure that supports the business processes. Usually, business processes and infrastructure are not optimally aligned.

We investigate how principles from knowledge management can be applied to enable the creation, consolidation, conservation and continuous actualization of knowledge about valuable software systems (“software assets”) that are part of the infrastructure.

Our point of departure is a generic framework for knowledge creation proposed by Von Krogh, Ichijo and Nonaka. We investigate the explicit and tacit knowledge about software assets that may exist in an organization and specialize the framework to obtain a strategy for creating new knowledge about these software assets. By applying this strategy, one can optimize the quality and the flexibility of the software assets while reducing costs.     

A heuristic for software evaluation and selection

The proliferation of software packages has created a difficult, complex problem of evaluation and selection for many users. Traditional approaches to the quantification of package performance have relied on compensatory models, such as the linear weighted attribute model, which sums the weighted ratings of software attributes. These approaches define the dimensions of quality too narrowly and, therefore, omit substantial amounts of information from consideration. This paper presents an alternative methodology, previously used in capital rationing and tournament ranking, that expands the opportunity for objective insight into software quality. In particular, it considers three measures of quality, the frequency with which the attribute ratings of one package exceed those of another, the presence of outliers, where very poor performance may exist on a single attribute and be glossed over by compensatory methods, and the cumulative magnitude of attribute ratings on one package that exceed those on others. The proposed methodology is applied to the evaluation of the following software types: word processing, database management systems, spreadsheet/financial planning, integrated software, graphics, data communications and project management.     

A comparative study of the reliability of nine statistical software packages

The reliabilities of nine software packages commonly used in performing statistical analysis are assessed and compared. The (American) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) data sets are used to evaluate the performance of these software packages with regard to univariate summary statistics, one-way ANOVA, linear regression, and nonlinear regression. Previous research has examined various versions of these software packages using the NIST data sets, but typically with fewer software packages than used in this study. This study provides insight into a relative comparison of a wide variety of software packages including two free statistical software packages, basic and advanced statistical software packages, and the popular Excel package. Substantive improvements from previous software reliability assessments are noted. Plots of principal components of a measure of the correct number of significant digits reveal how these packages tend to cluster for ANOVA and nonlinear regression.