多盘广播的偏斜索引算法

在移动环境中,多盘广播是被广泛使用的数据广播调度算法之一。为广播数据建立索引可以使移动客户机选择性地监听信道,以减少电源消耗,但过多地插入索引会增加数据访问时间。针对该问题,为多盘广播建立偏斜索引,设计索引树构造算法和广播数据的索引树算法。与可变扇出算法相比,多盘广播的偏斜索引算法需要的平均访问时间和平均调谐时间较短。     

多数据项请求的多信道并行广播调度算法

为减少数据广播中用户请求的平均访问时间、提高广播性能,提出了一种新的基于减少数据访问冲突和应用重复广播技术的广播调度算法。该算法有效减少了多信道并行广播中多数据项请求的访问冲突,对热点数据项采取重复广播技术,极大地减少了对热点数据项请求的访问时间。仿真实验结果表明,该算法有效地降低了平均访问时间,提高了数据广播性能,特别是在访问概率偏斜率较大时具有更好的性能。     

移动环境下索引广播技术的改进

在移动计算中,减少移动客户端的平均访问时间是一个重要的研究方向。为减少移动客户端的平均访问时间,在Huffman树索引技术的基础上提出深度优先的数据组织方式。在平均访问时间、调谐时间以及额外开销方面对常用的广度优先策略与深度优先策略进行分析与比较,表明深度优先策略的数据组织方式能进一步提高移动数据广播的性能。     

非对称网络环境中数据广播的带索引多盘调度算法

在以无线网络为代表的非对称网络环境中,数据广播是一种有效的数据访问方式。针对非均匀的访问概率分布,为了节约移动计算机接听数据广播的电源消耗,同时兼顾访问时间的限制,文中提出了两种带索引多盘调度算法,即复制索引算法（ＩＭＤ－ＲＩ）和多路复用算法（ＩＭＤ－ＭＵＸ）。理论分析和实验结果表明,这两种算法通过在广播信息中加入索引信息,能够有效减少数据广播的调谐时间,同时仍保持较低的访问时间,因此更具有竞争性     

移动计算环境中数据广播的启发式遗传调度算法

数据广播调度是移动计算环境中数据管理技术的研究热点之一.现有的广播调度算法在移动数据库环境中缺乏一定的实用性.在数据项长度可变的条件下,理论上分析了多盘数据广播的平均访问时间,并提出了一种启发式的遗传调度算法,在广播调度中引入贪婪变换的启发式求解策略.理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法在访问概率偏斜率较大和数据项长度不等的情况下,平均访问时间较小,能很好的适应于移动数据库环境.     

无线数据广播中变长数据项偏斜调度算法

针对数据广播中用户访问时间最小化的问题,提出一种变长数据项的偏斜广播调度脱机算法。该算法在数据广播的平方根规则基础上,确定每个数据项的广播频率和在信道上的平均实例间隔,以此为依据选择生成周期广播序列。实验结果表明,该算法获得的平均访问时间接近于理论最优值,平均误差率在6%左右。     

无线广播环境下的空间范围查询处理

为实现无线广播环境下快速且低能耗的空间范围查询,提出了一种基于网格空间索引的范围查询处理算法(RQGSI)。该算法在服务器端对空间数据对象建立网格空间索引以缩短调谐时间,并按Hilbert曲线填充顺序对划分后的网格进行调度以优化访问时间;在客户端设计了查询处理算法对数据对象进行过滤和剪枝;最后,通过模拟实验验证了RQGSI算法的性能。实验结果表明,RQGSI算法比基于R树的索引(RI)算法在调谐时间上降低约10%,在访问时间上降低约8%,RQGSI算法可以实现更快且更低能耗的范围查询。     

移动计算环境中数据广播访问时间优化算法

移动计算是近年来新兴的一个研究热点，具有极大的市场潜力和需求，数据广播是提高移动计算系统可伸缩性的一项重要技术，本文对无线移动计算环境中数据广播的平均访问时间优化进行了研究和实验，首先分析了平均访问时间的理论最小值，然后提出了向理论最小值逼近的NASA 算法，实验表明NASA算法具有良好的性能，优于MDS等其他调度方法。     

基于贪心策略的多信道数据广播调度算法

为减少多信道数据广播环境中的多信道平均延迟时间,提出一种基于贪心策略的多信道数据广播调度算法,将数据项合理地分配到各信道,最小化多信道数据项平均访问时间,在每个信道内采用近似最优的Log-time算法。实验结果表明,在不同的系统环境下,该算法都能够达到近似最优的性能。     

移动实时环境下一种改进的广播调度算法

在网络带宽不对称的移动实时环境中,数据广播是一种有效的数据访问方式。针对这种网络特性,分析了现今已经存在的某些广播调度算法。针对UFO算法,分别提出了SBS算法和CRS算法,它们从服务器、移动客户端两个方面进行了改进。两种算法可以根据给定的数据项访问概率分布,自动生成广播调度。通过理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法不会产生事务重启,并且可以有效减少数据的访问时间,使用户访问数据广播的平均等待时间最小。     

PS+Pre/Post: A novel structure and access mechanism for wireless XML stream supporting twig pattern queries

XML data broadcast is an efficient way to disseminate XML data to a large number of mobile clients in mobile wireless networks. Recently, several indexing methods have been proposed to improve the performance of XML query processing in terms of access time and tuning time over XML streams. However, existing indexing methods cannot process twig pattern XML queries. In this paper, we propose a novel structure for streaming XML data called PS+Pre/Post by integrating the path summary technique and the pre/post labeling scheme. Our proposed XML stream structure exploits the benefits of the path summary technique and the pre/post labeling scheme to efficiently process different types of XML queries over the broadcast stream. Experimental results show that our proposed XML stream structure improves the performance of access time and tuning time in processing different types of XML queries.     

Query processing optimization in broadcasting XML data in mobile communications

Todays, XML as a de facto standard is used to broadcast data over mobile wireless networks. In these networks, mobile clients send their XML queries over a wireless broadcast channel and recieve their desired XML data from the channel. However, downloading the whole XML data by a mobile device is a challenge since the mobile devices used by clients are small battery powered devices with limited resources. To meet this challenge, the XML data should be indexed in such a way that the desired XML data can be found easily and only such data can be downloaded instead of the whole XML data by the mobile clients. Several indexing methods are proposed to selectively access the XML data over an XML stream. However, the existing indexing methods cause an increase in the size of XML stream by including some extra information over the XML stream. In this paper, a new XML stream structure is proposed to disseminate the XML data over a broadcast channel by grouping and summarizing the structural information of XML nodes. By summarizing such information, the size of XML stream can be reduced and therefore, the latency of retrieving the desired XML data over a wirless broadcast channel can be reduced. The proposed XML stream structure also contains indexes in order to skip from the irrelevant parts over the XML stream. It therefore can reduce the energy consumption of mobile devices in downloading the results of XML queries. In addition, our proposed XML stream structure can process different types of XML queries and experimental results showed that it improves the performace of XML query processing over the XML data stream compared to the existing research works in terms of access and tuning times.

     

A tree-structured index allocation method with replication over multiple broadcast channels in wireless environments

Broadcast has often been used to disseminate frequently requested data efficiently to a large volume of mobile units over single or multiple channels. Since mobile units have limited battery power, the minimization of the access and tuning times for the broadcast data is an important problem. There have been many research efforts that focus on minimizing access and tuning times by providing indexes on the broadcast data. We have studied an efficient index allocation method for broadcast data with skewed access frequencies over multiple physical channels which cannot be coalesced into a single high bandwidth channel. Previously proposed index allocation techniques have one of two problems. The first problem is that they require equal size for both index and data. The second problem is that their performance degrades when the number of given physical channels is not enough. These two problems result in an increased average access time for the broadcast data. To cope with these problems, we propose a tree-structured index allocation method. Our method minimizes the average access time by broadcasting the hot data and their indices more frequently than the less hot data and their indexes over the dedicated index and data channels. We present an in-depth experimental and theoretical analysis of our method by comparing it with other similar techniques. Our performance analysis shows that it significantly decreases the average access and tuning times for the broadcast data over existing methods.     

An analysis of selective tuning schemes for nonuniform broadcast

Broadcasting is an effective means of disseminating information in a wireless environment to a large number of clients with powerful palmtops. However, it requires the clients to be actively listening to the communication channels for the desired information. Because of the high power consumption of the active mode, it is crucial for the battery-operated palmtops to conserve their energy in order to extend their effective battery life. This calls for selective tuning mechanisms that allow the clients to operate in the less energy-consuming doze mode, and to operate only in active mode when the desirable portion of the information is broadcast. Most of the existing work focuses on uniform broadcast. In practice, only a small amount of information is highly in demand by a large number of clients while the remainder is less popular. This nonuniform access pattern poses several new issues. In this paper, we examine these issues and look at how a nonuniform broadcast can be organized for selective tuning by the clients. We describe several indexing schemes to facilitate selective tuning which are variations of existing techniques on uniform broadcast. We analyze the performance of the schemes based on the average tuning time and average access time.     

An energy-efficient and access latency optimized indexing scheme for wireless data broadcast

Data broadcast is an attractive data dissemination method in mobile environments. To improve energy efficiency, existing air indexing schemes for data broadcast have focused on reducing tuning time only, i.e., the duration that a mobile client stays active in data accesses. On the other hand, existing broadcast scheduling schemes have aimed at reducing access latency through nonflat data broadcast to improve responsiveness only. Not much work has addressed the energy efficiency and responsiveness issues concurrently. This paper proposes an energy-efficient indexing scheme called MHash that optimizes tuning time and access latency in an integrated fashion. MHash reduces tuning time by means of hash-based indexing and enables nonflat data broadcast to reduce access latency. The design of hash function and the optimization of bandwidth allocation are investigated in depth to refine MHash. Experimental results show that, under skewed access distribution, MHash outperforms state-of-the-art air indexing schemes and achieves access latency close to optimal broadcast scheduling.     

Exploiting skewed access and energy-efficient algorithm to improve the performance of wireless data broadcasting

As wireless networks become an integral component of the current communication infrastructure, energy efficiency is a crucial design consideration because of the limited battery life of mobile terminals. Data broadcast is an effective data dissemination method in mobile environments. The current air indexing schemes for data broadcast focused on energy efficiency (reducing tuning time) only, and current broadcast scheduling schemes reduce access latency through nonflat data broadcast to improve only responsiveness. Few studies have addressed energy efficiency and responsiveness issues concurrently. This study proposes a fast data access scheme that concurrently supports the energy saving protocol, which constructs broadcast channels according to the access frequency of each type of message to improve energy efficiency in mobile devices. The windmill scheduling algorithm that is presented in this paper was used to organize all types of messages in the broadcast channel in the most symmetrical distribution, to reduce tuning and access time. The performance of the proposed mechanism was analyzed, and the efficiency improvement over existing methods was demonstrated numerically. Results indicate that the proposed mechanism is capable of improving both tuning and access time because of the presence of skewness in the access distribution among disseminated messages.     

An efficient stream structure for broadcasting the encrypted XML data in mobile wireless broadcast channels

In mobile wireless broadcast networks, XML data is encrypted before it is sent over the broadcast channel in order to ensure the confidentiality of XML data. In these networks, mobile clients must not have access to all the XML data; rather they should have access to some parts of the XML data that are relevant to them and to which they are authorized to have access. In this paper, a new encrypted XML data stream structure is proposed which supports the confidentiality of XML data over the broadcast channel. In our proposed stream structure, the size of encrypted XML data stream is reduced by grouping the paths, XML nodes, texts, and attributes together. The proposed structure includes several indexes to skip from irrelevant data over the broadcast channel. The experimental results demonstrate that the use of our proposed stream structure efficiently disseminates XML data in mobile wireless broadcast networks in a secure manner and the indexes in our proposed stream structure improve the performance of XML query processing over the encrypted XML data stream.