Z向增强泡沫夹芯阻燃复合材料力学性能

研制了一种Z向玻璃纤维增强酚醛泡沫的高阻燃性复合材料, 并试验分析了承力柱高度、 分布密度、 排布方式及缝编纱细度、 缝合面板层数等结构参数对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明: 与普通泡沫夹芯复合材料相比, Z向增强泡沫夹芯复合材料的力学性能得到了大幅度提升; 在承力柱分布密度相同的条件下, Z向增强泡沫夹芯复合材料的力学性能基本不随承力柱排布方式而变化; 承力柱高度、 分布密度及缝编纱细度、 缝合面板层数等结构参数对Z向增强泡沫夹芯复合材料的力学性能有重要影响。     

Z向点阵增强泡沫夹芯复合材料平压性能

设计了一种新型Z向点阵增强泡沫夹芯复合材料,以复合材料柱作为Z向点阵增强材料,并对不同分布密度Z向点阵增强材料的泡沫夹芯复合材料试验件进行了平压试验,探究了其平压力学性能和破坏方式。研究结果表明,当点阵间距为30 mm时,试样密度增加了2.8%,压缩强度和压缩模量分别提高了6.2倍和7.4倍。基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立了Z向点阵增强泡沫夹芯复合材料平压试验仿真模型,对其平压力学性能和破坏模式进行了模拟与分析。试验件平压强度有限元计算结果与试验结果偏差为10%左右,破坏方式与试验基本相同,验证了有限元模型的合理性和可靠性。     

Z向增强泡沫夹芯结构的制备技术研究

Z向增强泡沫夹芯结构解决了传统泡沫夹芯材料承载能力不足的问题,同时又具有比强度高、比模量大、隔音、减震降噪性能好等众多优点,目前已在航空、航天、航海领域得到广泛的应用.本文对泡沫夹芯结构Z向增强技术进行了分类,并着重对泡沫夹芯结构Z向增强技术的制备工艺进行了详细介绍.     

缝合碳纤维/泡沫夹芯复合材料损伤阻抗及损伤容限性能

通过真空辅助树脂传递模塑成型工艺(VARTM)技术制备了缝合和未缝合碳纤维/泡沫夹芯复合材料,并进行了低速冲击和冲击后压缩实验,利用深度测量仪检测冲击后的表面凹坑深度.使用Origin软件拟合出了表征损伤阻抗性能的冲击能量-凹坑深度曲线及表征损伤容限性能的凹坑深度-剩余压缩强度曲线.以未缝合复合材料为对比,发现缝合能有...     

三维五向编织复合材料低速冲击及冲击后压缩性能实验研究

通过实验研究三维五向碳纤维/环氧树脂编织复合材料低速冲击及其冲击后压缩(CAI)性能。测试试件虽然有不同的编织角度,但承受相同的冲击能力。采用冲击后压缩测试表征不同编织结构的冲击后剩余力学性能。结果表明:编织角较大的试件由于其更紧密的空间结构,能承受更高的冲击载荷且冲击损伤区域更小。CAI强度和损伤机理主要取决于编织纤维束的轴向支撑。随着编织角的增加,CAI强度降低,材料的破坏模式也由横向断裂转变为剪切破坏。     

缝合泡沫夹芯材料的冲击后压缩性能

利用VARTM制备技术制备缝合/未缝合泡沫夹芯材料,分别在4组不同冲击能量下进行冲击试验及冲击后压缩试验,利用超声c检测技术对冲击后纤维面板内部的不可见损伤进行探测,发现缝合树脂柱的加入可以有效提高复合结构的抗冲击性能,其中冲击最大载荷的提升幅度达到20%～50%,此时,通过超声c检测发现纤维面板内部已经发生了较多的基体开裂,但分层破坏及纤维断裂情况有明显的减少,另外冲击后剩余压缩强度的提高也达到了35%～40%,同时发现相较于15 mm×15 mm的缝合密度,10 mm×10 mm的缝合密度具有更好的抗冲击性能。     

泡沫夹芯复合材料水声性能预测研究

针对泡沫夹芯复合材料声学测试的实际情况,建立了耦合声学有限元法的计算模型,针对计算模型进行了算例验证。结果表明,模型的预测值与试验值趋势吻合较好,计算方法是有效且可行的,可以用于预测泡沫夹芯复合材料的声学性能。同时,研究了与面板和芯材有关的四个参数对夹芯复合材料声学性能的影响规律。     

FRP夹强化泡沫芯复合材料的力学性能

本文研究一种新型强化泡沫芯夹层复合材料的力学性能。选择在低成本的PU泡沫中置入圆管状结构增强体,使泡沫芯的等效Z向性能大幅提高。对以FRP面板夹这种强化泡沫芯制成的三明治复合材料结构,进行了平压试验、三点弯曲试验和剪切试验,基于其结构破坏模式,分析其破坏机理,并应用三维层板理论和细观力学方法进行了理论模拟。结果表明,这种强化泡沫芯能显著提高三明治板材的Z向力学性能,具有良好的应用前景。     

三维机织夹芯复合材料的制备与压缩性能研究

以玻璃纤维为原料,采用2个系统经纱(一个为上下表层经纱,另一个为夹芯层经纱)、1个系统纬纱,在SU111型全自动剑杆织机上制织经向截面为“口”字形的新型三维夹芯织物.以环氧树脂E-44与9055型固化剂为基体体系,采用手糊成型工艺将上述机织物复合制成三维机织夹芯复合材料.研究三维机织夹芯复合材料的压缩性能,分析材料结构与压缩性能之间的关系,并与“8”字形中空复合材料进行比较.结果表明,芯材间距为5mm的“8”字形中空复合材料的压缩强度高于芯材间距为25 mm的三维机织夹芯复合材料,但是后者的弹性模量高于前者.实验结果对该类结构材料的优化设计与力学性能研究具有极其重要的指导价值.     

缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料的刚度预测与试验验证

基于材料细观结构,建立了缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料的刚度预测模型,并进行了刚度性能的相关试验验证。其中,对缝纫复合材料层合面板部分,考虑了缝纫角对单胞尺寸和富脂区大小的影响,以及缝纫前后层合面板厚度的变化对复合材料面板纤维体积含量的影响,采用改进的纤维弯曲模型计算了缝纫复合材料层合面板的刚度;对缝纫增强的泡沫夹芯部分,把缝线树脂柱看作是泡沫基体中的增强相,将其简化为特殊的单向增强复合材料,提出了用串并联组合模型来预测其刚度。试验测试了缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料板试件的刚度。应用本文模型对缝纫层合面板和缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料板的刚度进行预测,结果均与试验结果吻合较好。采用理论模型系统研究了缝纫参数和结构参数对缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料刚度的影响。     

全厚度缝合复合材料泡沫芯夹层结构力学性能研究与损伤容限评定

探索了全厚度缝合复合材料闭孔泡沫芯夹层结构低成本制造的工艺可行性及其潜在的结构效益。选用3 种夹层结构形式, 即相同材料和工艺制造的未缝合泡沫芯夹层和缝合泡沫芯夹层结构及密度相近的Nomex 蜂窝夹层结构, 完成了密度测定、三点弯曲、平面拉伸和压缩、夹层剪切、结构侧压和损伤阻抗/ 损伤容限等7 项实验研究。结果表明, 泡沫芯夹层结构缝合后, 显著提高了弯曲强度/ 质量比、弯曲刚度/ 质量比、面外拉伸和压缩强度、剪切强度和模量、侧压强度和模量、冲击后压缩(CAI) 强度和破坏应变。这种新型结构形式承载能力强、结构效率高、制造维护成本低, 可以在飞机轻质机体结构设计中采用。      

Study on impact properties of through-thickness stitched foam sandwich composites

Through-thickness stitched foam core sandwich composites were fabricated by using RTM process; and impact performance and damage extent were studied at 1–70 J impact energy levels. The results show that two sharp peak loads and a low-loading plateau appear on the load-time plots at 1–30 J impact energy levels; both sharp peak loads can be considered as the course of penetrating top and bottom facings, a low-loading plateau has the characteristics of penetrating foam cores. Compare to the unstitched samples, the average damage angle of stitched samples increase by 48%, the maximal cracking width and penetration depth of the stitched samples decrease by 67% and 4% at 25 J impact energy levels.     

Experimental study on fatigue failure and damage of sandwich structure with PMI foam core

Sandwich structures consisting of aluminium skin sheets and polymethacrylimide foam core have been gradually used in the high‐speed trains. The static mechanical properties and fatigue damage of the sandwich structures with polymethacrylimide foam core were experimented in three‐point bending and were discussed. The failure mode is identified as local indentation. The static strength was obtained, and it showed good consistency with the forecasting formula. The fatigue property and damage evolution were also researched under cyclic loading. The fatigue life curve and the fitting formula were submitted. The fatigue damage evolution started from the skin sheet fracture and then the foam core indentation. The displacement at the midpoint as the damage parameter was discussed, and the evolution prediction formula was submitted, which showed great agreement with the experimental results.     

缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料细观纤维柱破坏行为

缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料中的纤维柱在拔出过程中的破坏行为复杂导致结构承载性能难以预测。采用真空辅助树脂注射(VARI)工艺制备了缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料,并使用层间拉伸试验(ITT)研究了缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料中含有单根缝线纤维柱细观试件的破坏过程。讨论了不同破坏现象对缝线纤维柱拔出摩擦过程的影响,并分析了缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料的破坏模式。分析了缝线粗细的变化对试件破坏过程中关键的力、位移等参数及能量吸收性能的影响。研究了由于成型工艺所导致的缺胶现象对缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料的能量吸收性能、关键位移参数及最大载荷都随着缝线变粗而增大。但是缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料的破坏模式对其也有一定的影响,导致了变化趋势的波动;缺胶缝纫泡沫夹芯复合材料由于缺陷的存在,最大破坏载荷和能量吸收性能均有所下降。     

Effects of core machining configuration on the debonding toughness of foam core sandwich panels

Core machining is often applied to improve the formativeness of foam core and the manufacturing effectiveness of sandwich panels. This paper investigates the effects of core machining configuration on the interfacial debonding toughness of foam core sandwich panels fabricated by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding process. Several machining configurations are conducted to foam core, and skin–core debonding toughness of fabricated sandwich panels is evaluated using double-cantilever-beam tests. The sandwich panels with core cuts exhibited higher apparent fracture toughness than the panels without core cut, specifically in the case of perforated core. The relationship between core machining configuration and measured fracture toughness is discussed based on the experimental observations and the numerical analyses of energy release rates.     

夹层结构复合材料低速冲击试验与分析

设计了聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫、 交联聚氯乙烯(X-PVC)泡沫、 NOMEX蜂窝、 缝合PMI以及开槽PMI泡沫等形式的玻璃布面板夹层结构复合材料, 研究了芯材种类和厚度、 面板玻璃布层数以及缝合和开槽等因素对夹层结构低速冲击性能的影响。结果表明, PMI泡沫芯较X-PVC泡沫芯和NOMEX蜂窝芯具有更高的冲击破坏载荷和吸收能量。随着泡沫密度及面板厚度的增加, 夹层结构复合材料的冲击破坏载荷和破坏吸收能量增大。合理的缝合和开槽, 能够增加PMI泡沫夹层结构的强度、 刚度及界面性能, 提高冲击承载能力。     

Stability of the face layer of sandwich beams with sub-interface damage in the foam core

This paper addresses the effect of local indentation/impact damage on the bearing capacity of foam core sandwich beams subjected to edgewise compression. The considered damage is in a form of through-width zone of crushed core accompanied by a residual dent in the face sheet. It is shown that such damage causes a significant reduction of compressive strength and stiffness of sandwich beams. Analytical solutions estimating the Euler’s local buckling load are obtained for two typical modes of damage. These solutions are validated through experimental investigation of three sandwich configurations. The results of the analytical analysis are in agreement with the experimental data.     

Low-velocity heavy-mass impact response of slender metal foam core sandwich beam

The objective of this work is to investigate the dynamic large deflection response of fully clamped metal foam core sandwich beam struck by a low-velocity heavy mass. Analytical solution and ‘bounds’ of dynamic solutions are derived, respectively. Also, finite element analysis is carried out to obtain the numerical solution of the problem. Comparisons of the dynamic, the quasi-static and numerical solutions for the non-dimensional maximum deflection of the sandwich beam with non-dimensional initial kinetic energy of the striker are presented for different cases of mass ratio, impact velocity and location. It is seen that the dynamic solution approaches the quasi-static one as the mass ratio of the striker to the beam is large enough, the quasi-static solution is in good agreement with the numerical results and both solutions lie in the ‘bounds’ of dynamic solutions. The quasi-static and numerical results for the impact force against the maximum deflection of the sandwich beam are obtained. It shows that the quasi-static solution can offer adequate accuracy to predict the low-velocity heavy-mass impact response of fully clamped sandwich beam.     

X状Z-pin增强泡沫夹层结构的剪切性能

通过不同Z-pin角度(15°和25°)和夹芯厚度(8mm和12.7mm)的X状Z-pin增强泡沫夹层材料的剪切性能试验, 与相同材料同尺寸的未增强件进行对比, 考察X状Z-pin对泡沫夹层结构的增强作用。试验结果表明, X状Z-pin增强使材料的剪切强度和刚度都有较大幅度的提高; 同时, Z-pin的加入使该结构具有与传统泡沫夹层材料不同的剪切破坏形式。在此基础上, 结合空间网架结构和等效夹杂方法, 提出了X状Z-pin增强泡沫夹层结构剪切刚度模型, 计算结果与试验值符合良好。结果表明, X状Z-pin增强不仅能大幅度提高泡沫夹层结构的剪切性能, 并具有良好的可设计性, 可以通过改变Z-pin角度和材料等改变其力学性能。