马来酸双十八酯的合成及宏观动力学

以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂、甲苯为带水剂,以马来酸酐和十八醇为原料合成马来酸双十八酯。考察了原料配比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量和反应时间等因素对反应过程的影响,并测定了动力学数据。通过实验得到了反应工艺条件：n（十八醇）：n（马来酸酐）=2.3：1,对甲苯磺酸用量为马来酸酐和十八醇总质量的0．5％,甲苯用量为马来酸酐和十八醇总质量的96％,反应温度≤130℃、反应时间为4．0h,在该条件下马来酸酐的转化率达到98．76％。合成马来酸单十八酯的反应为二级反应,速率方程中的指前因子为O．655152L／（mol·min）,活化能为17．82kJ／mol。合成马来酸双十八酯的反应为二级反应,速率方程中的指前因子为1．53951×1011L／（mol·min）,活化能为98．05kJ／mol。     

催化裂化轻汽油中烯烃加氢反应宏观动力学

基于流化催化裂化(FCC)轻汽油(初馏点-358 K)中所含烯烃组分的性质,将其划分为4个集总,采用管式滴流床反应器,在压力0.5-2 MPa、反应温度353-413 K、液体空速2.5-7.5 h-1的条件下,对烯烃在镍加氢催化剂上的加氢反应进行宏观动力学研究.实验结果显示:n-C4＝,n-C5＝,i-C5＝,n-C...     

Modified detonation macrokinetics model of a tatb-based explosive

A one-stage detonation macrokinetics model of a low-sensitivity heterogeneous explosive is considered. Within the framework of the model, we have managed to describe uniformly a wide class of experiments on initiation of aTATB-based plasticized explosive, including the initiation from the impact by a metallic plate and compact metallic fragments. Institute of Technical Physics, Snezhinsk 456770. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 94–97, January–February, 1997.     

Concrete for long-time service in sulfate environment

Data on concretes soaked continuously in a 2.1 percent sodium sulfate solution and alternately soaked and dried served for predicting service life. Sixteen out of 19 concretes made with Type V and II cements showed life expectancies of less than 50 years. Concretes containing different pozzolans showed a spectrum of effects ranging from deleterious to highly beneficial. Only 6 out of 33 pozzolan concretes had life expectancies of less than 50 years. Fly ash, pumice, and two calcined products markedly improved sulfate resistance. Seven of 11 concretes having a life expectancy in excess of 100 years, some possibly up to 200 years, contained fly ash. Revision of present day specifications for sulfate resisting concrete is recommended.     

Theoretical determination of the temperature in problems of shockwave interaction of metals

Tomsk. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 104–112, November–December, 1989.     

浅析长时间停窑后熟料率值变化的原因

在较长时间(一般在24h以上)停窑以后，重新转窑投料时，熟料率值会有较大幅度变化，特别是LSF降低幅度较大，这种情况会随着投料量的增加而逐渐恢复正常。     

聚酯(PET)瓶问题分析(一)

介绍热灌装PET瓶的收缩变形,测定瓶坯或瓶子树脂特性黏度的原因,影响PET树脂结晶性能的因素和树脂冷结晶峰温与制瓶工艺、瓶子质量之间的关系及如何提高树脂的冷结晶峰温。     

WSA湿法制酸工艺中仪表问题分析

阐述了SO2转化器蒸汽出口管道蒸汽减温器的作用以及蒸汽喷射阀发生腐蚀的原因,通过优化设计满足生产需要,降低投资成本。     

An analysis of random perturbations in electrolyzers

A method of analysis of the stochastic behaviour of electrolyzers due to stationary random fluctuations in current and inlet electrolyte concentration is presented. The analysis is illustrated by means of a numerical example.     

Propagation of pulsed perturbations in prestressed media

Propagation of pulsed perturbations in prestressed elastic and elastoviscoplastic media are simulated numerically. It is shown that the occurrence of the initial stress state leads to the formation of wave structures that are absent in unloaded isotropic media. A quasi-longitudinal wave that propagates in a prestressed elastoviscoplastic media is studied using the asymptotic method. Division of Explosion Geodynamics, Institute of Geophysics, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kiev 252054. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 124–132, March–April, 1997.     

问：陶瓷用石膏粉及其质量的简易鉴别方法有哪些？请给予介绍。

答：在陶瓷生产中,成形模型以及胎型的制作都会使用石膏粉。市场上有满足陶瓷注浆成形、滚压成形、冷压成形、母模胎型制作使用的各种石膏粉。     

油藏开发地质勘探的常见问题分析

就油藏开发地质勘探的常见问题进行分析,从油藏开发的分类、油藏开发程序以及油藏储量计算等方面综合考虑影响油藏开发的因素,为现实油藏开发工程提供理论依据,提升油藏开发技术水准。     

Changes in the phase structure of the polyethylenes after long-time storage at room temperatures

Summary The long-time crystallization of a set of polyethylenes, that have a variety of different molecular structures, has been studied under storage conditions well removed from those where partial melting or relatively rapid crystallization takes place. For high molecular weight linear polyethylenes, branched polyethylenes and ethylene copolymers a density increase of about 5% is observed. However, analysis of the Raman internal modes indicates that the core crystallinity remains constant. It is found that the density change reflects an increase in the partially ordered interfacial region at the expense of the disordered liquid-like region.     

PVC汽提中的常见问题分析

列举了PVC汽提中常见的问题,分析了其产生的原因,提出了相应的解决办法.