钛合金材料防微动磨损涂层性能研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂工艺在TC4钛合金基体材料表面制备碳化铬系耐磨涂层,通过自制微动磨损试验设备测试不同对磨副、不同位移副值试验条件下带涂层的TC4钛合金材料的摩擦因数、磨损量等微动磨损性能,利用SEM、EDS、XRD等分析手段,对比分析微动磨损表面形貌、成分和相组成的差异.结果表明:不同摩擦副和位移副值条件下的摩擦因数...     

火焰喷涂尼龙涂层表面性能分析

热喷涂是改善零件表面摩擦磨损性能的一个重要途径,可有效减缓零件磨损和失效.采用火焰喷涂在45钢基体材料表面制备尼龙涂层,通过磨损实验机进行喷涂涂层和45钢表面的磨损性能试验,并使用X衍射仪测试涂层表面结晶度,并测试涂层的结合强度,分析比较尼龙涂层与45钢基体的表面性能.结果表明,尼龙涂层可以保持尼龙所具有的良好性质,可以具有良好的自润滑性、和耐腐蚀性以及较高的结晶度、结合强度等,但在干滑动磨损方面,磨损性能低于45钢基体.     

炮钢表面电火花沉积钨合金涂层的摩擦磨损性能

针对火炮身管服役过程中内膛磨损严重的问题,采用电火花沉积技术在炮钢基体表面制备耐磨损的钨合金涂层,提高火炮身管内膛的摩擦磨损性能.使用纳米压痕仪和往复式摩擦实验机分别测试涂层与基体的纳米力学性能和摩擦磨损性能;采用SEM/EDS、XRD表征涂层和基体的微观形貌、成分与相结构.结果表明,钨合金涂层由γ-Fe(W)和α-F...     

风沙环境下钢结构涂层的冲蚀摩擦学性能

针对内蒙古中西部地区钢结构体系表面涂层长期遭受风沙环境冲蚀的这一现状,采用气流挟沙喷射法,模拟风沙对钢结构涂层的冲蚀.研究了风沙冲蚀力学参数对钢结构涂层冲蚀率的影响;探讨了涂层冲蚀损伤的摩擦学机理;分析了钢结构涂层的冲击摩擦因数变化规律.结果表明:涂层的冲蚀率均随着冲蚀速度呈指数增长,速度指数n为2.39~2.43;在45°时涂层的冲蚀率最大,90°时涂层的冲蚀率最小,低冲角时的冲蚀率大于高冲角时;涂层的摩擦因数处于0.37~0.42,涂层磨损的Taber指数为81.9×10-3mg/r,涂层的耐磨性较差.涂层损伤的摩擦学机理是:低冲角时的微切削作用或高冲角时的挤压凿削作用造成涂层的损伤占主导,涂层表面微裂纹扩展交叉,以致断裂剥落,造成的损伤次之;涂层冲击摩擦因数离散性较大,且随角度增长呈降低趋势;冲击摩擦因数与冲蚀率随角度的变化并不一致.     

PCVD法TiN、TiCN涂层工艺研究

研究了四氯化钛、氮气、甲烷通入量对 PCVD 法沉积 TiN、TiCN 涂层硬度、沉积速率以及颜色的影响,进行了磨损试验。结果表明,不同色泽的 TiN 膜中,以金黄色 TiN 涂层硬度最高,磨损量最小。     

a-C基底WS_x薄膜的制备及其摩擦学性能

采用磁控溅射技术在200℃单晶硅片上沉积a-C薄膜,随后在不同溅射气压下沉积WSx薄膜.通过扫描电镜、能谱仪、XRD和XPS等分析了薄膜的形貌、成分与微观结构;采用纳米压痕仪、涂层附着力划痕仪和球盘式摩擦磨损试验机测试了薄膜的力学与摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:a-C基底上沉积的WSx薄膜表面平整、结构致密且随着气压升高而变得疏松,膜中WS2呈微晶或非晶结构;随着溅射气压升高,薄膜的S与W原子数比先增大后减小并趋于稳定;薄膜硬度逐渐降低,大气中的摩擦因数与磨损率均先减小后略微增大.0.8~1.0Pa条件下制备的WSx薄膜摩擦系数最低(约0.11),磨损率最低为4.34×10-15 m~3/(N·m),性能显著优于Si基底和钢基底上的WSx薄膜.     

双层涂层体系最大剪应力分析

采用有限元数值计算方法,模拟分析了TiN、Si3N4的双层涂层与GCrl5基体体系中的最大剪应力分布.结果表明,将低弹性模量的Si3N4用作表面涂层时,整个涂层体系的力学性能较佳;对于涂层总厚度为0.2a(a为赫兹接触半宽)的Si3N4/TiN/基体涂层体系,相对厚度系数越大,基体内的最大剪应力分布越趋向于表面;相对厚度系数对基体内和涂层/涂层交界面上的最大剪应力分布没有显著影响;涂层/涂层和涂层/基体交界面上的最大剪应力分布在沿水平方向偏离接触中心点a左右的地方出现最大值,此处较易萌生裂纹.     

Al2O3大气等离子喷涂层的磨损特性

利用球－盘接触式摩擦磨损试验机，在室温、大气和润滑磨擦条件下研究了Al2O3涂层／NiCr粘结涂层与Al2O3涂层的摩擦磨损特性，并用拉伸试验方法测定了涂层与基体之间的粘结强度。结果表明，Al2O3涂层／NiCr粘结涂层的耐磨性能比Al2O3涂层好；基体的表面粗糙度对涂层的粘结强度影响较大；本研究试验条件中对磨损特性最佳的涂层厚度为300μm；Al2O3涂层／NiCr粘结涂层的磨损机理受残余应力的影响很大；粘结喷涂在减少涂层中的残余应力起着很重要的作用。     

2738模具钢表面激光熔覆Ni基WC复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能

在2738模具钢表面通过CO2激光熔覆制备Ni基WC复合涂层。分别对2738钢基体和Ni-WC激光熔覆层进行干摩擦试验。用三维表面形貌仪测量磨损体积,用扫描电镜观察磨痕的表面形貌。试验结果表明,Ni-WC复合涂层试样的硬度显著提高,表面硬度超过1200HV,保证了Ni-WC熔覆层的耐磨性。熔覆层的平均摩擦因数约为0.24,与2738钢基体的摩擦因数0.43相比,降低了约44%。熔覆试样的比磨损率比基体试样的比磨损率下降了96.7%,WC硬质相提高了摩擦副表面的承载能力。磨粒磨损为Ni-WC复合涂层的主要磨损机理。     

TiN涂层磨损特性的研究

TiN涂层可显著提高零件寿命．研究TiN涂层的滑动磨损行为有重要意义．研究结果表明，表面进行TiN涂层后，Crl2MoV和LM1两种材料的磨损抗力大幅瓶度提高；与TiN涂层试样相配对婚40Cr试样的失重明显高于与没有涂层试样相配对的40Cr试样的失重，Cr12MoV和LM1两种材料及其经过TiN涂层后的磨损抗力相差不大．讨论了TiN涂层对基体材料的要求．     

用PCVD法制备(TiAl)N膜的研究

本文介绍了在PCVD设备中用固态AlCl_3制备(TiAl)N膜。结果表明,(TiAl)N膜的含Al量与AlCl_3的蒸发温度成正比,但膜内Cl含量却无明显变化。(TiAl)N膜保持了TiN膜的面心立方晶体结构,但其晶格常数变小,织构变弱,组织略有细化。(TiAl)N膜的显微硬度略高于或等于TiN膜的硬度,但抗高温氧化性有较大幅度提高。     

超音速火焰喷涂两种WC-17%Co涂层的组织和性能研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂法制备纳米和普通WC-17%Co涂层,借助于SN-3400型扫描电镜(SEM)、D8型X射线衍射仪(XRD)、HXD-1000TM型显微硬度计、SHT4605型拉伸试验机和TRB型球盘磨损试验机对涂层组织结构、相组成、显微硬度、结合强度及耐磨性能进行了分析.结果表明,两种WC-17%Co涂层形成过程中WC发生了分解,并形成了W2C、W和CoxWyCz(Co3W3C、Co3W9C4)等一些新相,纳米涂层的组织形态明显好于普通涂层,组织晶粒细小,WC晶粒保持在120~150 nm的纳米尺度范围;纳米涂层的显微硬度、结合强度和耐磨性都高于普通涂层,相比之下,纳米涂层的显微硬度、结合强度比普通涂层高出近30%,在相同的试验条件下普通涂层的磨损体积是纳米涂层的2倍.     

AFM Analysis of TiN,TiAlN, and TiAlSiN Coatings Prepared by Cathodic Arc Ion Plating

The TiN, TiAlN, and TiAlSiN coatings were prepared on YT14 cutting tool surface with CAIP(cathode arc ion plating), the surface morphologies and phases were analyzed with FESEM(field emission scanning electron microscopy), and XRD(X-ray diffraction), respectively, and the coating parameters such as 3D surface micro-topography, grain size, surface height, hierarchy, profile height, and power spectral density, etc, were measured with AFM(atomic force microscope). The results show that the phases of TiN, TiAlN, and TiAlSiN coatings are TiN, TiN+TiAlN, TiN+Si_3N_4+TiAlN, respectively, while the surface roughness Sa of TiN, TiAlN, and TiAlSiN coatings is 75.3, 98.9, and 42.1 nm, respectively, and the roughness depth Sk is 209, 389, and 54 nm, respectively, the sequence of average grain sizes is TiAlNTiNTiAlSiN. The surface bearing index Sbi of TiN, TiAlN, and TiAlSiN coatings is 0.884, 1.01, and 0.37, respectively, and the sequence of surface bearing capability is TiAlNTiNTiAlSiN. At the lower wavelength(102-103 nm), the power spectral densities have a certain correlation, and the sequence of TiNTiAlNTiAlSiN, while the correlation is low at the higher wavelength(103 nm).     

基体粗糙度和硬度对TiAlCN附着力的影响

在不同粗糙度和硬度的GCr15轴承钢基体上,利用多弧离子镀技术低温(175℃)沉积TiAlCN涂层.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、AFM、EPMA、XRD和附着力测试仪等研究了薄膜形貌和性质.结果表明:基体越平整,制备的涂层表面也就越平整;薄膜附着力随着表面粗糙度的增大而减小,在基体粗糙度为0.01μm时,薄膜附着力达到最大值42.8N;基体硬度越高,膜/基附着力越大,在基体硬度为835HV0.01时,附着力达到最大值31.2N;在涂层中,发现了晶体结构为fcc-TiN结构,衍射图中没有AlN相出现,这是TiN相优于AlN相而形成的缘故.     

TiN涂层应用及研究进展

综述了近年来TiN涂层的应用,以及为改善TiN涂层性能而进行的多元合金化、多层涂层方面的研究工作,并指出了TiN涂层的发展方向.     

Synthesis of nanoscale multilayered ZrN/W coatings by ion beam assisted deposition

ZrN/W multilayered coatings with different modulation periods at the nanoscale have been synthesized at different N+ beam bombarding energies using IBAD. Various characterization techniques such as XRD, AES, nano indenter and profiler were employed to investigate the influence of modulation period and bombarding energy on microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings. The results showed that all superlattice coatings had better mechanical properties than the monolithic ZrN and W coatings. At an optimal condition with 300 eV N+ beam bombarding energy and 8―9 nm modulation period, XRD pattern possessed a sig- nificantly structural mixture of strong ZrN (111), W (110), as well as weak ZrN (220) textures in the multilayered coating. The optimal condition resulted in higher hardness (26 GPa), elastic modulus (310 GPa) and fracture resistance of the coat- ing than other conditions.     

多弧离子镀TiN涂层工艺及耐蚀性研究

为提高4Cr13马氏体不锈钢的耐蚀性,对其进行多弧离子镀处理,获得TiN涂层,并用X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、扫描电子显微镜、电化学测量仪对涂层进行物相分析、表面形貌观察、硬度检测以及电化学腐蚀性能测试.结果表明:随着电流的增大,表面的液滴数目和尺寸增大,涂层厚度增加,薄膜硬度也增大;相结构主要为TiN,有明显的择优取向,且随着弧电流的增强,衍射峰强度略有增加.TiN试样在3.5％的NaCl溶液中耐蚀性与基体相当,在1 mol/L的H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性比基体提高了800倍.     

Tribological behaviors of spot-textured TiN coatings on M2 high-speed steel under boundary lubricated conditions

The effect of sliding duration on the tribological behaviors of spot patterned coatings was investigated. Two patterns based on physical vapor deposition （PVD） TiN coatings were used, such as, in-lined （IN） and staggered （ST） spots. The tribological behaviors were evaluated by using a Cameron-Plint wear test rig. The M2 steel discs deposited TiN coatings with IN and ST patterns slid against the ASSAB 17 tool steel pins at a speed of 0.23 m/s, in Shell Tellus T32 lubricant and were loaded with 900 N. The testing results on disc specimens with two types of PVD TiN spot patterns, all coated with a bias voltage of-180 V and slid for 4, 8 and 11 h respectively, were presented. The results revealed that the in-lined coatings possessed relatively better wear behaviors than the staggered pattern coatings. Mechanisms for such superiority and for the cause of peeling were discussed. A relevant design approach was suggested for the application of such patterned coatings.     

TiN／CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer deposited by a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique

TiN/CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer were deposited on high speed steel substrates by using a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The structure and composition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). A high adhesion of up to 80 N was demonstrated by scratching tests for the multilayered coatings. Nanoindentation tests were performed to determine the hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings as a function of the multiplayer modulation period. It was observed that the hardness of the multilayered coatings is higher than those of either TiN or CrN single coatings, and it increases with decreasing modulation periods, which is consistent with predictions from the Hall-Petch type strengthening mechanism, though at small modulation periods, deviation from the Hall-Petch relation has been observed for the multilayered coatings. The life-span of drills coated with TiN/CrN multilayered is triple as long as that coated with TiN layer.     

陶瓷/金属复合耐磨涂层的性能评价

应用大气等离子喷涂（APS）技术制备陶瓷／金属复合耐磨涂层试样，并对其硬度，结合强度，微观结构和耐磨性等性能进行评估，结果表明Al2O3-TiO复合涂层在耐磨性方面好于WC－NiCrAl复合涂层，而WC－NiCrAl复合涂层在结合强度性能上好于Al2O3-TiO2复合涂层。