光学免疫传感器技术与应用

较为系统地介绍了光学免疫传感器技术及应用，给出了光学免疫传感器的传感器原理和分类方法，与传统的免疫传感器对照，介绍了光学免疫传感器的特点和优势所在。着重介绍了几种重要和常用的光学免疫传感器，夹层光纤传感器，位移光纤传感器，表面等离子体共振传感器、光栅生物传感器，法布里-波罗脱生物传感器，直接感应光纤生物传感器等，给出了它们的传感器结构和检测机理，以及它们在实际中的大量应用实例。最后介绍了光学免疫传感器的发展趋势。     

智能轮胎传感器的研究现状及发展趋势(一)

智能轮胎传感器是智能轮胎实现的关键。介绍了目前研究较多的集成MEMS传感器、胎面阻抗传感器、超声波传感器、电磁传感器、无源无线声表面波传感器和虚拟传感器的发展,阐述了工作原理和优缺点。其中集成MEMS传感器包括英飞凌的SP12系列、GE的NPX系列、飞思卡尔的MPXY8000系列传感器,电磁传感器包括霍尔磁场传感器和磁化轮胎传感器。最后,对智能轮胎传感器研究中存在的主要问题和智能轮胎传感器的发展趋势进行了探讨。     

机械量传感器的动向

FA用传感器像计测传感器、物理量传感器等一样,可分类为各式各样,本文把机械量传感器定义为:检测工件有无和位置的传感器。该工件是机械本身的位置和机械的处理对象。 1 机械量传感器 表1简单汇总了机械量传感器群。 1.1 ON/OFF传感器 机械量传感器,首先最早提出的是叫做ON/OFF传感器的一系列传感器。这可以说     

仪器仪表行业十二五规划之行业关键技术

新兴传感器技术传感器作为传感网（物联网）的基础元件,在今后将有十分广阔的发展前景。目前新型传感器技术包括固态硅传感器技术、光纤传感器技术、生物芯片技术、基因芯片技术、图像传感器技术、全固态惯性传感器技术、多传感器技术等。“十二五”将以智能传感器作为重点,进行关键技术攻关。     

传感器技术和产品发展的重点

传感器技术是现代科技的前沿技术，国外已经得到迅速发展。根据传感器技术的发展趋势，应当重视发展先进的传感器制造工艺技术，研制新型传感器产品。当前应当大力发展MEMS工艺和微传感器，集成工艺和集成传感器，智能化技术和智能传感器，网络化技术和网络传感器。     

智能机器人用触觉传感器应用现状

触觉传感器对于智能机器人是至关重要的。结合理论分析和文献报道对现有触觉传感技术进行了归纳总结,现有触觉传感器主要包括压阻式机器人触觉传感器、光学机器人触觉传感器、电容效应式机器人触觉传感器、电感式机器人触觉传感器、压电式机器人触觉传感器和多模式机器人触觉传感器。总结了多种传感器的原理、优缺点以及在各个领域中的实际应用。     

机械量传感器的开发应用

本文介绍了半导体压力传感器、半导体加速度传感器、压电加速度传感器、伺服加速度传感器和电位器传感器的开发应用及前景。     

先进传感器技术在飞机故障诊断中的应用

主要阐述了飞机故障诊断领域中应用的先进传感器技术,如：光纤传感器、无线传感器、微机电传感器、压电传感器及多传感器融合等原理、特点以及它们在故障诊断领域中的具体应用情况。     

浅析传感器在机电一体化系统中的应用

传感器技术性水平直接决定着整个电机的自动化程度和信息系统整体反应水平。电机的自动化水平越高,对传感器的依赖性就越大,对传感器的要求就越高。传感器的精确度与敏锐度都是检验传感器水平的重要方面,在传感器中的地位也是关键性的。本文主要针对传感器在机电一体化系统中的各种应用来探讨未来传感器的发展趋势,为传感器的升级与改造提供有效的借鉴。     

线结构光视觉传感器设计优化

线结构光视觉传感器的结构参数直接决定传感器测量精度。本文基于透视原理和坐标变换理论建立了线结构光视觉传感器的测量模型,并由此推导了传感器误差模型,分析了结构参数对传感器精度的影响及传感器像面误差分布。在对各参数综合分析的基础上,给出了传感器设计流程,推导建立了传感器设计约束方程,实现了传感器结构参数的自动与优化设计。     

Natural frequencies of vibration of a class of solids composed of layers of isotropic materials

In a recent paper, the Ritz method with simple algebraic polynomials as trial functions was used to obtain an eigenvalue equation for the free vibration of a class of homogeneous solids with cavities. The method presented is here extended to the study of a class of non-homogeneous solids, in which each solid is composed of a number of isotropic layers with different material properties. The Cartesian coordinate system is used to describe the geometry of the solid which is modelled by means of a segment bounded by the yz, zx and xy orthogonal coordinate planes and by two curved surfaces which are defined by fairly general polynomial expressions in the coordinates x, y and z. The surface representing the interface between two material layers in the solid is also described by a polynomial expression in the coordinates x, y and z. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the approach, natural frequencies are given for both a two- and three-layered spherical shell and for a homogeneous hollow cylinder, as computed using the present approach, and are compared with those obtained using an exact solution. Results are then given for a number of two- and three-layered cylinders and, to demonstrate the versatility of the approach, natural frequencies are given for a five-layered cantilevered beam with a central circular hole as well as for a number of composite solids of more general shape.     

磨削螺旋刀具刀尖圆角的研究

通过对大螺旋角刀具刀尖圆角所形成的空间曲线进行分析,找到形成该空间曲线的方法,给出一种支片工装的结构,从而实现大螺旋角刀具刀尖圆角的磨削。     

Effect of Impregnation of Iodine Complex on Friction of Anodic Oxide of Aluminum

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone-Iodine complex (PVP-I) molecules were impregnated into the anodic oxide of an aluminum disk specimen. It was rubbed against a silicon nitride ball specimen using a ball-on-disk type friction test rig. Over the limited range of parameters studied (load: 0.2-1.0 N, sliding velocity: 0.6 mm/s, and sliding distance: 1-7 m), the coefficient of friction decreased to a value as low as 0.01 from values of 0.3 to 0.7 for the anodic oxide surface. Single-crystal iodine rubbed against silicon nitride showed a coefficient of friction of 0.1. The low coefficient of friction is attributed to the thin PVP-I film on the relatively hard anodic oxide. The mechanism of coefficient of friction reduction is the same as that of a thin soft film on a hard substrate.     

基于CT图像的侧凸脊柱胸腰段及骶骨整体三维有限元模型的建立

探讨AIS患者的胸椎T1-T12、腰椎L1-L5及骶骨整体三维有限元模型建立方法,建立侧凸脊柱胸腰段及骶骨整体三维有限元模型.对患者进行螺旋CT扫描,获得特发性脊柱侧凸患者T1至骶骨整段DICOM格式的CT数据文件.通过图像、图形处理软件从CT数据中提取脊柱组织的轮廓信息,构建侧凸脊柱胸腰段及骶骨整体的三维几何模型,并与现有文献中的模型进行对比分析.所建模型包括皮质骨、松质骨、椎间盘、韧带等组织,共102371单元、132877节点.对比分析结果表明,同等边界条件下,利用该模型计算得到的脊柱各部位的应力和位移分布与文献中的结果基本吻合.所建立的胸腰骶整体脊柱的三维有限元模型是有效、可靠的,为特发性侧凸脊柱的生物力学特性研究及临床矫形治疗仿真提供数值分析平台,同时为患者个性化矫形支具设计的理论研究提供支持.     

水冷式冷渣机单根管路冷却性能分析

冷渣机主筒结构的整体分析比较复杂,为此提出对冷渣机单根管路的冷却性能进行分析,运用ANSYS-FLOTRAN对其进行流体热分析,从而得到管内渣体的温度数据,为冷渣机主筒结构和热分析提供参考依据.     

Image-based measurement of the dimensions and of the axis straightness of hot forgings

Non-contact measurement of shapes and dimensions is currently quite a common issue. A lot of systems with different speeds and accuracies are in the market. Measurement of high temperature objects is, however, a very special task which ensures a specific solution. This paper presents a measurement system composed of two high resolution single-lens reflex cameras and a software application, which is designed for the fast measurement of shapes and dimensions of rotationally symmetric forgings. The software computes the length, diameter, and straightness of the axis, based on a 3D model constructed from four boundary curves of the forging captured in two images. Experimental measurements have shown an error of up to 2% for the length measurement and 1% for the diameter measurement. Results are available in a few seconds. The proposed measurement approach based on boundary curves shows a great potential for practical use in forging plants.     

Accurate alignment of sets of images

Two modifications to the conventional procedure of cross-correlation are described, widely used for establishing the relative alignment of the members of a set of images from which a higher resolution or more interpretable restoration is sought. Both achieve a high and sharp peak in circumstances where the conventional peak is too ill defined to be recognizable; neither involves significant additional computation time. The more general method requires rough knowledge of the imaging conditions, but a variant applicable to images with axial resolution has no such requirement. In addition, a least-squares procedure is presented for achieving an optimum compromise between many pair-wise displacement measurements, preventing the accumulation of alignment errors across a set of images.     

直升机复合材料传动轴的主共振分岔分析

传动轴主共振分岔时,振幅突变,有可能运动失稳。在根据质心定理和Galerk in法求得非惯性移动系下直升机的倾斜两端支承纤维增强复合材料传动轴的弯曲运动方程基础上,用多尺度法求得稳态下主共振的分岔方程,再分析了运动稳定性、幅频响应曲线的拓扑结构等主共振分岔问题。得到了复合材料传动轴比钢、铝合金传动轴运动稳定性好等结论。提出通过加大阻尼使传动轴主共振不分岔。在挠度大的轴段上增加阻尼能使传动轴主共振不分岔,并能充分发挥阻尼的作用,优化轴的重量。     

提高枪钻孔加工直线度的方法

从枪钻的导向条布局出发,分析影响被加工孔直线度的因素。由于枪钻加工是在密闭环境下进行的,因此加工过程很不稳定,而枪钻走偏现象直接影响被加工孔的直线度,甚至造成工件报废。通过对加工过程中枪钻导向条进行受力分析,计算其在加工过程中的稳定度,建立Pro/E三维模型并进行ANSYS分析,得出在加工过程中稳定度最高的枪钻导向条布局参数,进行打孔试验并得到很好的效果。本文对提高小直径、大长径比的深孔直线度有实际意义。     

Digitization of electron micrographs: A comparison of three different types of scanners

Some aspects of digitization of electron micrographs have been investigated. The performances of a flat-bed, a rotating drum, and a diode array scanner have been evaluated. Estimates have been achieved for resolution, mechanical and optical stability, and optical density response. It is concluded that for routine transmission electron microscopy of, for example, negatively stained biologic specimens, a diode array scanner produces data good enough to obtain resolutions at a level normally expected. High speed is the major advantage with this type of equipment. However, for high-resolution work it is necessary to use a conventional scanner with a relatively slow scan speed.