反式-1，2-环己二醇在乙酸甲酯与水混合溶剂中的溶解度

采用激光监视技术测定了1，2-环己二醇在乙酸甲酯和水混合溶剂中的溶解度，并用UNIFAC模型进行了关联，其溶解度预测值与实测值吻合程度良好。     

反式-4-羟基环己基地氯雷他定溶解度测定关联

采用高效液相色谱法测定了常压下在293.15~323.15 K温度范围内反式-4-羟基环己基地氯雷他定在水、质量分数为10% 的甲醇-水、质量分数为20% 的甲醇-水、质量分数为10% 的乙醇-水和质量分数为20% 的乙醇-水中的溶解度,并采用Apelblat方程和λh方程对所得到的溶解度数据进行关联拟合,通过van't Hoff方程计算了其在不同溶剂中的溶解焓和溶解熵。发现反式-4-羟基环己基地氯雷他定的溶解度随着温度的升高和溶剂极性的降低而升高,其溶解过程在实验温度范围内,在所选溶剂中均为吸热熵增过程。     

费托蜡在五种有机溶剂中的溶解度测定及关联

研究采用动态法测定常压下费托蜡在正丁醇、乙酸丁酯、正辛烷、石油醚和甲苯溶剂体系中的溶解度.结果表明,费托蜡在5种有机溶剂中的溶解度均随温度升高而增大,且在不同溶剂中费托蜡的溶解度存在较大差异.采用Apelblat方程、多项式方程以及简化的二参数方程关联溶解度数据,关联结果良好,但Apelblat方程、多项式方程的拟合效...     

1，2-环己二醇溶解度的测定及关联

采用激光监视技术测定了1,2-环己二醇在乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙基酮、乙酰乙酸乙酯和水中的溶解度,并用UNIFAC模型进行了关联,其溶解度预测值与实测值吻合良好.     

阿维菌素在不同醇-水溶剂体系中溶解度的测定与关联

工业生产中阿维菌素在不同比例的有机溶剂-水体系中的溶解度是重要的基础数据,本实验采用平衡法测定了阿维菌素在甲醇含量100%～70%、乙醇含量100%～60%的水溶剂中,温度范围为30～70℃的溶解度,并采用多项式经验方程、半经验关联模型对实验测定溶解度数据进行关联,相关系数都在98%以上,结果较为满意。结果表明在甲醇-水溶剂体系中随水的比例增加,溶解度减少较为明显,以32℃时为例,90%甲醇-水溶剂比纯甲醇做溶剂的溶解度下降了67%,而乙醇-水体系随水的比例增加,溶解度减小较缓和,同样条件下,在95%乙醇-水溶剂中溶解度只下降了28%。     

UNIFAC法研究甲烷气体溶解度

用自建的一套设备测定了甲烷在异丙醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃、环己酮及乙酸甲酯中的高压溶解度。采用UNIFAC法对自测及文献中甲烷在极性纯溶剂中的溶解度数据进行了关联和估算,定义了新基团,并回归出了基团间的交互作用能量参数。结果表明,用文中得到的参数估算甲烷在相关溶剂中的溶解度数据结果良好。     

氧气(1)-乙酸(2)-水(3)三元系平衡溶解度的测定及关联

建立了测定气体在液体中溶解度的实验装置,该装置一次进料能够连续测定多种压力下的溶解度数据,并测定了25～80 ℃氧气在乙酸-水混合溶剂中的溶解度数据.建立了氧气在乙酸-水混合缔合溶剂中溶解度的计算模型,给出了模型参数,模型计算平均相对误差不超过±3.0%.     

2-金刚烷酮在4种溶剂中的溶解度关联及介稳区测定

在288.15—308.15 K的温区范围内,通过称量法测定了常压下2-金刚烷酮在甲醇、乙醇、乙腈乙酸、乙酯4种溶剂中的溶解度,并采用Apelblat方程、λ-h方程以及多项式拟合的方法对所测定溶解度数据进行关联,利用Polythermal法测定了2-金刚烷酮在4种溶剂中的冷却结晶介稳区宽度。实验得出2-金刚烷酮在4种溶剂中溶解度都具有正温度系数,在甲醇、乙醇中的温度系数大于其在乙腈、乙酸乙酯中的温度系数,3种溶解度模型均得到了较好的关联系数;2-金刚烷酮在乙酸乙酯中的介稳区最宽且稳定,根据晶体生长条件,初步判定在甲醇、乙酸乙酯中分别用降温法和恒温蒸发法可以长出单晶。     

黄藤素溶解度的测定与关联

在黄藤素的提取分离过程中,其在不同溶剂中的溶解度数据对其结晶纯化有重要的指导意义。本文以UV法测定了298.12-313．12K时黄藤素在纯水、甲醇、乙醇、三氯甲烷等不同溶剂中的溶解度数据,为黄藤素的结晶纯化提供了基础的热力学数据。试验结果表明,黄藤素在四种溶剂中的溶解度均随温度的升高而增加。对试验结果采用Apelblat方程进行拟合,其溶解度关联值与试验值比较稳合。     

3,4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱的结晶热力学

在大气压力及298.15~338.15K下采用激光动态法测定了3,4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DNTF)在不同体积比的乙酸-水混合溶剂中的溶解度,用Apelblat和(CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister经验模型对溶解度数据进行拟合,根据溶解度实验数据估算了DNTF的标准溶解焓、标准溶解熵、标准吉布斯自由能、固-液表面张力以及表面熵因子。通过测定DNTF在乙酸-水混合溶剂中的超溶解度,得到DNTF的冷却结晶介稳区,探讨了溶剂组成和温度对溶解度的影响。结果表明,用Apelblat模型和(CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister模型计算的溶解度值与实验值的平均相对误差分别为1.698%和3.001%;DNTF在乙酸-水溶液中的溶解度随温度的升高和乙酸含量的增加而增大;介稳区宽度随温度的增加而变宽,随乙酸含量的增大而变窄。     

Experimental Measurements and Correlations Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for Water + Acetic Acid + Sec-butyl Acetate at 101.3 kPa

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE) data for acetic acid+sec-butyl acetate and water+acetic acid+sec-butyl acetate systems were determined at 101.3 kPa using a modified Rose type. The nonideality of the vapor phase caused by the association of the acetic acid was corrected by the chemical theory and Hayden-O’Connell method. Thermodynamic consistency was tested for the binary VLE data. The experimental data were correlated successfully with the Non-Random Two Liquids (NRTL) model. The Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of the ternary system was 0.0038. The saturation vapor pressure of sec-butyl acetate at 329 to 385 K was measured by means of two connected equilibrium cells. The vapor pressures of water and sec-butyl acetate were correlated with the Antoine equation. The binary interaction parameters and the ternary VLE data were obtained from this work.     

Measurement and correlation of the solubility of sodium acetate in eight pure and binary solvents

The knowledge of solubility of a salt in either the pure solvent or blend solvent is of great importance for studying or operating the crystallization, extraction, and distillation processes. The solubility of sodium acetate (NaAc) in four pure solvents (water, ethanol, acetic acid and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol) and four binary solvents (water–ethanol, water-acetic acid, acetic acid–ethanol, and acetic acid-ethyl acetate) were measured by using the laser dynamic method at temperatures from 288.15 K to 338.15 K at 0.1 MPa. The results showed that the solubility of NaAc was influenced by either the solution temperature or solvent composition. The aqueous sodium acetate solution possessed the maximal solubility under the experimental conditions. The solubility of NaAc in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol was found to be decreased with the increase of the solution temperature. While, the solubilities of NaAc in other seven solvents increased as the solution temperature was elevated. Besides, five correlation models, including the van't Hoff model, modified Apelblat model, Yaws model, λh model, and modified Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model were used to correlate the solubility data of those sodium acetate solutions with acceptable deviation, respectively. Finally, van't Hoff analysis method was selected to analyze the change law of thermodynamic properties of a salt during the dissolution process.     

苯甲酸在含不同夹带剂的超临界CO2中的溶解度

利用流动法分别测定了苯甲酸在温度308.15, 318.15, 328.15 K、压力范围8.0~23.0 MPa时,在纯超临界CO2及以乙醇、乙酸乙酯、乙二醇为夹带剂的超临界CO2中的溶解度. 研究结果表明,三种夹带剂的加入均可以不同程度地提高苯甲酸的溶解度,其增大幅度为乙醇>乙二醇>乙酸乙酯. 此外还探讨了温度、压力对苯甲酸在超临界CO2中溶解度的影响,以及夹带剂的作用机理,并用Sovova方程对实验数据进行回归,得到了较满意的结果.     

Kinetic study of the acetate-catalysed hydrolysis of phenyl acetate

The results of an investigation aimed at obtaining the kinetic characteristics of the hydrolysis reaction of phenyl acetate catalysed by sodium acetate are presented. The hydrolytic reaction giving phenol and acetic acid starting from phenyl acetate is particularly suitable to run in a microwave-irradiated environment. In fact, since the considered reaction is characterised by a very low rate, small variations occurring in an irradiated system can be detected. Furthermore, since this reaction runs in an aqueous environment, it can use the energy transmitted by microwave radiation efficiently, thanks to the high capacity of water absorbance at microwave frequencies. The reaction was run in a buffered aqueous solution of sodium acetate and acetic acid at equal concentrations (pH=5). Kinetic constants were obtained in the 293–318 K temperature interval and at a concentration of both sodium acetate and acetic acid in the 0.4–0.06 mol dm⁻³ range. The derived activation energies decreased as the concentration of the sodium acetate/acetic acid increased. The kinetic study of the hydrolysis was carried out to obtain experimental data suitable for a fast comparison with the data that will be obtained from the development of this reaction in a microwave-irradiated environment. This paper also presents the analytical and experimental techniques suitable to run the experimental procedure in a microwave-irradiated reactor.     

1,2-环己二醇在溶剂中的溶解度

1 INTRODUCTION The solubility of solid in liquids is an excellent tool to investigate solute-solvent intermolecular forces in the liquid state. In this work the solubility of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol in some polar solvents (wa- ter, methyl acetate, acetic ester, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl acrylate, and ethyl acrylate) was mea- sured at temperatures ranging from about 300 K to 330 K, using a modification of the experimental tech- nique of laser monitoring observation system. So…     

水杨酸在CO2-乙酸乙酯体系中重结晶过程的相平衡及结晶形态

在308．15K和318．15K温度下、0～8MPa压力范围内,研究了二氧化碳一乙酸乙酯-水杨酸体系的相平衡．结果表明,水杨酸在液相中的浓度随体系压力升高而降低,随温度升高而增大．用CO2作抗溶剂可以使乙酸乙酯中的水杨酸沉淀结晶．在相平衡研究的基础上,研究了水杨酸在CO2-乙酸乙酯中的结晶,得到针状空心晶体．     

乙酸与甲醇的催化酯化

Esterification of methyl alcohol with acetic acid catalysed by Amberlyst-15 (cation-exchange resin) was carried out in a batch reactor in the temperature ranging between 318-338 K, at atmospheric pressure. The reaction rate increased with increase in catalyst concentration and reaction temperature, but decreased with an increase in water concentration. Stirrer speed had virtually no effect on the rate under the experimental conditions. The rate data were correlated with a second-order kinetic model based on homogeneous reaction. The apparent activation energy was found to be 22.9kJmol-1 for the formation of methyl acetate. The methyl acetate production was carried out as batch and continuous in a packed bed reactive distillation column with high purity methyl acetate produced.     

Recovery of iron as a form of ferrous acetate precipitates from low-grade magnetite ore

This paper describes the recovery process of iron as a form of ferrous acetate from low-grade magnetite ore (Shinyemi Mine, Gangwon province, Korea). The magnetically separated magnetite powder was dissolved in aqueous oxalic acid solution. The dissolution fraction of magnetite concentrates was measured as a function of initial pH, reaction temperature and oxalic acid concentration. Optimum conditions for dissolution of magnetite ore were the temperature higher than 90 °C, pH 1 and oxalic acid concentration 0.5 M. Addition of aqueous H₂O₂ solution oxidized ferrous ion of iron-containing solution. And then, at pH 4, ferric hydroxide was precipitated from iron-containing solution by the addition of NaOH aqueous solution. Ferrous acetate was prepared from the reaction between ferric hydroxide and acetic acid/acetic anhydride mixture and quantitatively characterized by ICP-AES, XRD, SEM, FT-IR and XPS. Purity of ferrous acetate was found to be 91.88% with other impure elements such as Na, Ca, K, Mg and Al by ICP-AES and XPS analysis. XRD and SEM analysis showed that as-prepared ferrous acetate in the present experiments was in low crystalline state. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of free acetate ions and monoacetato bidentate structure in as-prepared ferrous acetate.     

矿物均相酸催化剂催化甲醇和乙酸酯化反应动力学(英文)

In this work, esterification of acetic acid and methanol to synthesize methyl acetate in a batch stirred reactor is studied in the temperature range of 305.15–333.15 K. Sulfuric acid is used as the homogeneous catalyst with concentrations ranging from 0.0633 mol·L?1 to 0.3268 mol·L?1. The feed molar ratio of acetic acid to methanol is varied from 1:1 to 1:4. The influences of temperature, catalyst concentration and reactant concentration on the reaction rate are investigated. A second order kinetic rate equation is used to correlate the experimental data. The forward and backward reaction rate constants and activation energies are determined from the Arrhenius plot. The developed kinetic model is compared with the models in literature. The developed kinetic equation is useful for the simulation of reactive distillation column for the synthesis of methyl acetate.     

Solid-Liquid Equilibria of trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediol＋Butyl Acetate＋ Water Ternary System

Using a laser observation technique,the solubilities of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol in butyl acetate＋wa- ter were measured at the temperature range from 298.15K to 323.15K by a synthetic method at atmospheric pres- sure.It is shown that the solubilities of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol in butyl acetate＋water were affected greatly by the proportion of butyl acetate and water,and presented maximum value at given temperature.The UNIFAC model was used to correlate the experimental data.The average relative deviation（ARD）between experimental and calculated values is 3.03%.