四层卷焊管的应力应变分析

在大功率柴油发动机的高压油路中，常常需要用到管径较细、有一定壁厚且能承受高压的油管。以往采用铜来生产这种油管，其成本较高、资源少且加工精度低，而用卷焊管替代铜管则是发展的必然趋势。采用生产可靠性好、成本低、精度高的一次成型四层卷焊管的成型理论，通过有限元对其成型的可行性做了模拟，进而对四层卷焊管进行了应力应变分析，为寻找合理的应力—应变状态、优化工艺条件奠定了基础。     

四层卷焊管成型技术

四层卷焊管具有可靠性高、强度高以及抗渗漏性强的特点,广泛应用于承受高压的管线中.四层卷焊管生产的关键技术是其成型技术.综合阐述了四层卷焊管成型过程中的各技术环节.     

一次成型四层卷焊管的孔型设计

在大功率柴油发动机的高压油路中 ,常常需要用到管径较细、有一定壁厚且能承受高压的油管。以往采用铜来生产这种油管 ,其成本较高、资源少且加工精度低 ,而用卷焊管替代铜管则是发展的必然趋势。本文采用生产可靠性好、成本低、精度高的一次成型四层卷焊管的成型理论对其成型中各道次的孔型进行了设计 ,通过有限元对其成型的可行性做了模拟 ,认为其孔型设计是合理的。     

四层卷焊管成形过程的模拟研究

四层卷焊管具有可靠性高、强度高以及抗渗漏性强的特点,广泛应用于承受高压的管线中,其生产的关键是其成形技术。采用大型非线性软件Marc对厚度为0.5 mm的带钢卷曲成f10 mm的四层卷焊管的连续成形过程进行了模拟,分析了卷焊管卷曲成形规律和变形特点。模拟结果可为四层卷焊管配辊方案的设计提供理论依据。     

直缝焊管辊弯成形动力学仿真研究

基于显式动力学算法,建立了直缝焊管成形过程的弹塑性有限元模型,采用大型非线性有限元软件ABAQUS对直缝焊管辊弯成形过程进行了模拟仿真。分析了成形过程中带钢的应力、应变的变化规律以及机架间距对成型质量的影响。研究结果表明,整个成型过程应力变化平缓,带钢边缘应变小于中部应变;随着机架间距的增大,带钢边缘的纵向应变相应减小。     

成型过程对焊管残余应力的影响

采用盲孔法对UOE、JCOE、HSAW焊管的残余应力进行了分析,重点对不同工艺条件下HSAW焊管的残余应力进行了分析。结果表明:UOE焊管厚度方向的双向(周向、轴向)平均拉应力水平较低,峰值拉应力出现在焊管的内表面;JCOE焊管的双向平均拉应力水平略高,但峰值拉应力出现在外表面;成型参数合适的HSAW螺旋焊管的平均残余应力可以达到(UOE或JCOE)直缝管的水平,但其内表面的峰值拉应力均明显高于直缝焊管的,且当螺旋焊管成型下压量过大时,将导致平均残余应力及峰值均有很大提高。     

车用双层卷焊管坡口成型应力特性的仿真分析

双层卷焊管具有较高的抗爆破强度和抗振疲劳性能,易于弯曲成形,因此广泛应用于汽车制动系统中,并形成刹车管、燃油管和制动管等产品.坡口成型作为双层卷焊管管筒成型的第一道工序,其尺寸和质量将直接影响管筒成型质量.应用显式动力学有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对坡口成型应力特性及其对加工质量影响进行仿真模拟,得出辊轮材...     

大直径高压无缝钢瓶冷旋压成型工艺模拟优化

为提高旋压工艺在钢瓶实际生产中的性能,针对大直径高压无缝钢瓶的冷旋压工艺进行了模拟优化研究.采用Abaqus软件建立了大直径高压无缝钢瓶筒体冷旋压的有限元模型,选取旋压力、瓶体应力和应变分布以及壁厚偏差为成型优化指标,研究了单一变量下的旋轮形状、旋轮压力角、减薄率、进给率、主轴转速等主要因素分别对成型指标的影响,给出了...     

型钢轧制动态链式模型及其智能Agent变形分析研究

冷弯型钢和焊管是广泛应用的型材,但其成型机理较难描述。针对实际冷弯成型轧制过程,为了更精准地进行应力应变分析,提出了轧制过程的动态链式模型,在样条有限条法的基础上,利用该模型研究实际轧制过程中结点与链的变形分析方法,给出链式结构结点的孔型应力应变数学描述式,并在此基础上给出了结点的智能结构。对每个结点和链建立对应的Agent,建立各Agent的知识规则,实现利用链式模型分析冷弯成型轧制过程的新方法。为建立新的复杂断面孔型设计算法提供理论基础。     

成型过程对焊管残余应力的影响分析

现如今,输送管在工程中的应用率不断提高,并逐渐向大口径方向发展,螺旋焊管焊接的过程中应合理控制残余应力,全面提升焊接质量,提供消除残余应力的理论依据。本文首先针对渤海装备华油钢管有限公司螺旋焊管进行成型介绍,然后分析了焊管残余应力控制技术,最后探究了成型过程对焊管残余应力的影响。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.