Retention of Oxytetracycline Residues in Cooked Channel Catfish Fillets

Catfish (mean body weight 0.87 kg) treated with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 150.0 mg/kg body weight for 10 days and slaughtered 18 hr after last feeding had higher OTC residue levels than those receiving OTC at 37.5 or 75.0 mg/kg. Individual differences in feed uptake and metabolism of OTC among catfish might contribute to variability in residue. Baking and smoking at 190°C were more effective in reducing OTC residues than frying. The reduction appeared to be related to the final temperature reached and duration of cooking. Results confirmed that common cooking procedures may not completely degrade OTC in catfish fillets.     

Oxytetracycline and oxolinic acid residues in kuruma prawn (Penaeus japonicus) and the effect of cooking procedures on the residues

Tissue distribution and residue depletion of oxytetracycline (OTC) and oxolinic acid (OA) were studied in the kuruma prawn (Penaeus japonicus). The prawn were kept in tanks with recirculated artificial seawater at a salinity of 22-23@1000. The water temperature was maintained at 25 degrees C. The average body weight was 22.9 +/- 4.9 g for OTC and 22.5 +/- 3.6 g for OA. The drug was mixed with the diet and orally administered through a catheter to the prawn. The doses of OTC and OA, respectively, were 50 mg/kg body weight. At each sample time, four prawns were sacrificed and tissues were sampled. OTC and OA levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. At the highest levels, the concentrations of OTC were in the other: shell (13.57 micrograms/g) > hemolymph (12.20 micrograms/mL) > muscle (8.30 micrograms/g). For OA, the order was: shell (20.74 micrograms/g) > hemolymph (7.06 micrograms/mL) > muscle (2.05 micrograms/g). The elimination half-lives of hemolymph and muscle were 44.7 and 46.8 hours for OTC and 55.0 and 107.9 hours for OA, respectively. Residual OTC could not be detected in hemolymph and muscle at 20 days after dosing. Residual OA disappeared from hemolymph and muscle at 25 days after dosing. A 25-day period for OTC and 30-day period for OA could be regarded as the proper withdrawal time established for kuruma prawn by the Pharmaceutical Law in Japan. However, the elimination half-lives of shell for OTC and OA could not be calculated because both drug residues persisted in shell tissues, and the elimination phase was not completed during the experimental period. Residual OTC (14.10 +/- 2.26 micrograms/g, n = 6) and OA (0.32 +/- 0.06 microgram/g, n = 7) were detected in exuviae at 3 days and 4 days after dosing, respectively. Residual OTC was reduced to 50-70% in muscle by the usual methods of cooking (boiling, baking at 200 degrees C and frying at 180 degrees C), whereas reduction levels in shell were only 20-30%. Residual OA was reduced to 20-30% in muscle and shell by the cooking. These results confirm that the cooking procedures could only reduce but not completely eliminate these drug residues in prawn.     

Potential for milk containing penicillin G or amoxicillin to cause residues in calves

The potential for antibiotic residues in calves from consuming milk containing penicillin G or amoxicillin was investigated. Six calves were fed milk replacer, 6% body weight twice daily, containing 0.293, 2.92, or 5.85 microg of penicillin/ml (ppm) G or 0.25, 1.0, or 2.0 microg of amoxicillin/ml for three consecutive feedings. Urine and blood samples were collected after each feeding. Serum and urine samples were tested with a microbial receptor assay and a microbial growth inhibition assay to indicate potential drug residues. Penicillin G and amoxicillin were detected in the serum and urine of several calves 3 h after drinking spiked milk replacer. Possible violative drug residues in the calves were detected by the microbial growth inhibition assay up to 15 h after drinking spiked milk replacer. Penicillin G, but not amoxicillin, could be detected in urine 24 h after the final feeding of spiked milk replacer. Subsequently, six calves were fed milk replacer containing 11.7 microg of penicillin G/ml (ppm) twice daily, 6% body weight per feeding. Calves were slaughtered 3 h after the final feeding. Mean (+/-SD) concentrations of penicillin G measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography in liver, kidney, muscle, and serum were 0.409 (+/-0.167) microg/g, 0.031 (+/-0.012) microg/g 0.008 (+/-0.002) microg/g, and 0.013 (+/-0.006) mg/ml, respectively. This study indicates that calves fed milk with amoxicillin or penicillin G could possibly have violative residues if slaughtered within 24 h after feeding. Violative drug residues in liver tissue were found in calves slaughtered 3 h after consuming milk replacer containing 11.7 microg of penicillin G/ml (ppm).     

Performance of dairy cows fed diets with similar proportions of undigested neutral detergent fiber with wheat straw substituted for alfalfa hay,corn silage,or both

This study evaluated the effects of feeding diets that were formulated to contain similar proportions of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) from forage, with wheat straw (WS) substituted for corn silage (CS), alfalfa hay (AH), or both. The diets were fed to lactating dairy cows and intake, digestibility, blood metabolites, and milk production were examined. Thirty-two multiparous Holstein cows (body weight = 642 ± 50 kg; days in milk = 78 ± 11 d; milk production = 56 ± 6 kg/d; mean ± standard deviation) were used in a randomized block design with 6-wk periods after a 10-d covariate period. Each period consisted of 14 d of adaptation followed by 28 d of data collection. The control diet contained CS and AH as forage sources (CSAH) with 17% of dietary dry matter as uNDF after 30 h of incubation (uNDF₃₀). Wheat straw was substituted for AH (WSCS), CS (WSAH), or both (WSCSAH) on an uNDF₃₀ basis, and beet pulp was used to obtain similar concentrations of NDF digestibility after 30 h of incubation (NDFD₃₀ = 44.5% of NDF) across all diets. The 4 diets also contained similar concentrations of net energy for lactation and metabolizable protein. Dry matter intake was greatest for WSCS (27.8 kg/d), followed by CSAH (25.7 kg/d), WSCSAH (25.2 kg/d), and WSAH (24.2 kg/d). However, yields of milk, 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM), and energy-corrected milk did not differ, resulting in higher FCM efficiency (kg of FCM yield/kg of dry matter intake) for WSAH (1.83) and WSCSAH (1.79), followed by CSAH (1.69) and WSCS (1.64). Milk protein percentage was greater for CSAH (2.84%) and WSCS (2.83%) than for WSAH (2.78%), and WSCSAH (2.81%) was intermediate. The opposite trend was observed for milk urea nitrogen, which was lower for CSAH (15.8 mg/dL), WSCS (15.8 mg/dL), and WSCSAH (17.0 mg/dL) than for WSAH (20 mg/dL). Total-tract NDF digestibility and ruminal pH were greater for diets containing WS than the diet without WS (CSAH), but digestibility of other nutrients was not affected by dietary treatments. Cows fed WSAH had less body reserves (body weight change = −13.5 kg/period) than the cows fed the other diets, whereas energy balance was greatest for those fed WSCS. The results showed that feeding high-producing dairy cows diets containing different forage sources but formulated to supply similar concentrations of uNDF₃₀ while maintaining NDFD_30, net energy for lactation, and metabolizable protein constant did not influence milk production. However, a combination of WS and CS (WSCS diet) compared with a diet with CS and AH improved feed intake, ruminal pH, total-tract NDF digestibility, and energy balance of dairy cows.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定水产品中13种磺胺类药物残留的研究

建立了一种同时测定水产品(鳗鱼、鮰鱼、龙虾)中13种磺胺类药物残留的高效液相色谱法。样品经乙腈提取,正己烷液-液分配,阳离子固相萃取小柱净化后,采用高效液相色谱分离,紫外检测器检测,外标法定量。13种磺胺类药物在0.1～5.0μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2为0.9997～0.9999,加标回收率为62%～97%,相对标准偏差为2.01%～10.46%。定量测定低限磺胺二甲嘧啶、磺胺甲氧嘧啶、磺胺-6-甲氧嘧啶、磺胺氯哒嗪、磺胺甲基异恶唑、磺胺二甲异恶唑、磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺喹恶啉为0.02mg/kg,磺胺嘧啶、磺胺吡啶、磺胺噻唑、磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺甲噻二唑为0.05mg/kg。     

猪血多肽亚铁螯合盐的急性毒性及30d喂养实验研究

为了评价猪血多肽亚铁螯合盐的安全性,进行了急性毒性和30d喂养实验。经口急性毒性(LD50)实验表明,小鼠经口灌喂猪血多肽铁螯合盐后无毒性反应,由寇氏改良法计算公式得到猪血多肽铁螯合盐的LD50=30998mg/kg,大于15000mg/kg,故猪血多肽铁螯合盐为实际无毒物质。大鼠30d喂养实验表明,三个剂量实验组的大鼠生长发育与行为活动正常,动物体重和食物利用率与阴性对照组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);各剂量组大鼠血液生化指标与阴性对照组比较均无显著性差异(p>0.05),且无剂量-效应关系;各剂量组的脏体比与阴性对照组相比较均无显著性差异(p>0.05),器官组织病理学检查未见异常。     

Bioactivity and metabolism of trans-resveratrol orally administered to Wistar rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the implications of selected chemopreventive parameters and metabolic conversion of resveratrol in vivo. In two 8-week long feeding experiments with rats, a low-resveratrol diet containing 50 mg resveratrol per kg body weight (bw) and day and a high-resveratrol diet with 300 mg per kg bw and day were administered. For chemopreventive evaluation selected phase I and phase II enzymes of the biotransformation system, the total antioxidant activity, and the vitamin E status of the animals were determined. The level of resveratrol and its metabolites in the feces, urine, plasma, liver, and kidneys was identified and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) using synthesized resveratrol conjugate standards. Feeding of different dosages of resveratrol revealed no effect on the different chemopreventive parameters, except for the total antioxidant activity, which was elevated in plasma by 19% after feeding 50 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day. The formation of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate, trans-resveratrol-4'-sulfate, trans-resveratrol-3,5-disulfate, trans-resveratrol-3,4'-disulfate, trans-resveratrol-3,4',5-trisulfate, trans-resveratrol-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide, and resveratrol aglycone was detected by HPLC analysis, depending on the biological material. Total resveratrol recovery in urine and feces of rats fed on 50 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day was 15% and 13%, respectively. For rats fed the higher dosage of 300 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day recovery was 54% and 17%, respectively. This is the first study performed with synthesized standards of relevant resveratrol conjugates. The lack of effect on the chemopreventive parameters is probably due to the formation of various resveratrol conjugates reducing its bioavailability in the rat.     

Excretion of oxytetracycline in eggs after medication of laying hens

The kinetics of oxytetracycline elimination into eggs were determined separately for albumen and yolk after oral administration through either drinking water (0.1-0.25 and 0.5 g/l for 5 days) or feed (300 and 600 ppm for 7 days) or after intramuscular injections (3 X 15 mg/kg body weight and 3 X 30 mg/kg body weight), 24 hours apart. Residues were assayed by a microbiological agar diffusion method, with Bacillus cereus as test-organism. The detection threshold was 0.07 micrograms/g for albumen and 0.2 micrograms/g for yolk. In all cases, the elimination period lasted longer for the yolk; it varied between 0 and 10 days after treatment was discontinued, according to administration routes and dosages. The conditions of oxytetracycline utilization in laying hens are discussed. The oral route only might be used to adhere to the proposals presented by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.     

荔枝玫瑰酒的营养成分分析与皮肤抗氧化功效研究

该研究检测了荔枝玫瑰酒的营养成分及其对D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠皮肤抗氧化作用。60只小鼠随机分为正常组、D-半乳糖处理组、维生素C对照组及低剂量、中剂量和高剂量荔枝玫瑰酒组，饲喂12周后采样分析。结果表明，荔枝玫瑰酒含有丰富的多酚、黄酮、单宁及维生素C，分别为0.43 g/L、0.25 g/L、0.12 g/L和3.15 mg/100 mL；小鼠饲喂12周后，各组体质量无显著差异（P＞0.05）；高剂量荔枝玫瑰酒（45.00 mL/kg体质量）饲喂可显著提高衰老小鼠皮肤含水率、羟脯胺酸和胶原蛋白含量，降低丙二醛含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性，提高谷胱甘肽含量、超氧化歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性（P＜0.05），维持皮肤较好的氧化还原稳态；同时通过恢复衰老小鼠皮肤抗氧化和胶原蛋白代谢相关基因表达，抑制了皮肤氧化损伤和胶原分解。     

Mycotoxins in cereal grain. Part VI. The effect of ochratoxin A on growth and tissue residues of the mycotoxin in broiler chickens

Eight weeks experiment on effects of continuous feeding of mycotoxin graded levels (0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 mg ochratoxin A (OA) per kilogramme of feed) to male and female broiler chickens was carried out. Birds' mortality was similar in all groups including control. Macroscopical veterinary examination did not reveal any changes in livers and kidneys. Males were found to be more sensitive to OA than females. The depression of body weight was found to be proportional to level of OA. The reduction of body weight of males (30%) was more significant than that of females (20 %). Feed consumption per one kilogramme of body weight was dependent on OA concentration in feed. In livers and white muscles of birds fed 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 mg OA/kg feed and in red muscles of birds fed 1.5 and 2.0 mg OA/kg feed residues of OA were observed. OA disappeared completely from all mentioned tissues after 4 days when birds were fed with OA free feed.     

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate contamination of retail packed lunches caused by PVC gloves used in the preparation of foods

Plasticizer contamination of foods sold in retail packed lunches and set lunches in restaurants was determined by GC/MS. The phthalate esters were as follows: diethyl, dipropyl, dibutyl, dipentyl, dihexyl, butylbenzyl, dicyclohexyl, di(2-ethylhexyl), dioctyl, diisooctyl (mixture of isomers) and diisononyl (mixture). Di(2- ethylhexyl) adipate was also determined. Sixteen packed lunches and ten set lunches were analysed, and in all samples the concentration of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the highest, at 0.80-11.8 mg/ kg in packed lunches and 0.012-0.30 mg/kg in set lunches. The DEHP content of five packed lunches exceeded 1.85 mg, which is the EU tolerable daily intake (TDI) for a person of 50 kg body weight. Foodstuffs that were components of the packed lunches were taken from the factory at each step of preparation and phthalates were determined. For example, chicken contained 0.08 mg/kg DEHP when uncooked, 13.1 mg/ kg after frying and 16.9 mg/kg after packing. Disposable PVC gloves used in the preparation of foods were apparently the source of high DEHP concentrations. The gloves used during cooking or packaging were sprayed with 68% (w/w) ethanol to sterilize them. PVC gloves from the factory contained 22 or 41% by weight of DEHP. To confirm the link with the contamination problem, samples of boiled rice, croquette and boiled dry radish were handled in the laboratory with PVC gloves containing 30% (w/w) DEHP. DEHP migration levels of 0.05 mg/kg in rice or 0.33 mg/kg in croquette, and 11.1 mg/kg in radish were found. The alcohol sprayed onto the gloves increased the migration of DEHP to 2.03 mg/kg in rice, 2.45 mg/ kg in croquette, and 18.4 mg/kg in radish.     

Ascorbate Absorption By Live Channel Catfish as a Function of Ascorbate Concentration, pH, and Duration of Exposure

Ascorbate uptake by muscle tissue of live channel catfish was affected by ascorbate concentrations (1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm), pH (5, 6, and 7) and duration of exposure (8, 16, and 24 hr.). The most favorable conditions for ascorbate absorption were exposure to 3000 ppm ascorbate at pH 5 for 24 hr. The increased muscle ascorbic acid concentration was 4-fold higher than that of the control group (10 ppm). The ability of live channel catfish to absorb dissolved ascorbate via gills and/or intestines and distribute the antioxidant into muscle tissue provides a new approach to introduce water-soluble antioxidants to aquacultured fish species.     

Milk production and composition, rumen fermentation parameters, and grazing behavior of dairy cows supplemented with different forms and amounts of corn grain

The objectives were to compare milk production and composition, change in body weight and body condition score, rumen fermentation parameters and grazing patterns by cows when supplemented with different forms and amounts of corn grain. In experiment 1, 36 Holstein cows were supplemented with either 6, 6, 6, or 4 kg/d of dry matter of high moisture corn, coarsely ground corn, finely ground corn, or high moisture corn in two equal daily feedings, respectively. Milk yield (30.3 kg/d), milk protein (2.97%), and milk urea N (14.7 mg/dl) were not different among treatments. Body weight change and body condition score change were similar (23.1 kg and -0.24) for the 10-wk study. During experiment 2, four rumen cannulated cows in midlactation were supplemented with 6 kg/d of dry matter from either coarsely ground corn or high moisture corn in two equal feedings after milking. After the p.m. milking, ruminal pH was measured and rumen fluid samples, were collected from cows to determine ammonia N and volatile fatty acids at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, ...8 h post-corn feeding during grazing. Ruminal pH values were similar for corn supplements, and, with one exception, were 6.0 or below between 5 and 8 h. Ruminal ammonia-N concentrations reached a maximum at 7 h also. In experiment 3, 40 cows were observed for grazing behavior every 30 min for two consecutive days. Cows grazed an average of 6.4 h/d, 4.1 h in the afternoon and 2.3 h in the morning. Milk yield, milk composition, change in body weight, and body condition were similar regardless of the type or amount of corn supplemented.     

强饲不同饲用玉米对鸡内源能损失量的影响

研究强饲蛋白质水平接近、不同氨基酸含量的两种饲用玉米(普通玉米和优质蛋白玉米)对鸡内源能损失量的影响。结果表明:强饲两种玉米后,鸡的内源能损失量和每1kg体重的内源能损失量存在显著差异(P<0.05),内源氮损失量也存在显著差异(P<0.05);而氮校正内源能损失量和每1kg体重的内源能损失量接近(P>0.05)。     

胍基乙酸对建鲤生产性能、体成分及肌肉能量代谢关键酶的影响

研究胍基乙酸(guanidinoacetic acid,GAA)对建鲤生产性能、体成分及肌肉能量代谢的影响。选取600尾平均体重为(23.23±0.14)g的建鲤随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复30尾,分别投喂基础饲料(对照组)和在基础饲料中添加250、500和1 000 mg/kg GAA的试验饲料,试验为期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加250、500 mg/kg GAA可显著降低饵料系数(P0.05),但对体重、特定生长率、增重率、平均日采食量和成活率均无显著影响(P0.05)。添加GAA可显著提高脏体指数(P0.05),对肝体指数无显著影响(P0.05)。GAA对肌肉中粗脂肪、粗蛋白和粗灰分含量无显著影响(P0.05)。250 mg/kg GAA组可显著降低肌肉中丙酮酸激酶活性(P0.05);250、500 mg/kg GAA组显著降低琥珀酸脱氢酶活性(P0.05);1 000 mg/kg GAA组显著降低肌酸激酶活性(P0.05);GAA组均显著提高肌糖原含量(P0.05)。结果表明,饲料中添加胍基乙酸可降低肌肉中能量代谢关键酶的活性来改善其能量代谢,提高饲料转化率,以添加250 mg/kg GAA效果较好。     

Prepartum grain feeding and subsequent lactation forage program effects on performance of dairy cows in early lactation

One hundred fifty-six Holstein cows were balanced prior to drying off to one of three diets offered during the dry period (dry matter basis): A) forage only (50% corn silage:50% alfalfa silage), B) forage as A plus a standard dairy grain mix (1.73% calcium), and C) same as B except a low calcium grain mix (.35% calcium). Grain feeding started 3 wk prepartum. Cows from each dry treatment were assigned to one of two treatments during the first 21 d postpartum: total mixed ration (dry matter basis); 50% grain:50% corn silage; or 50% grain:25% corn silage:25% alfalfa silage. Dry period feeding program had no effect on postpartum dry matter intake, milk yield, or composition. Prepartum grain feeding resulted in increased body weight gain during the last 3 wk of the dry period. Feeding corn silage postpartum as the sole forage resulted in higher dry matter intakes (15.0 vs. 14.1 kg/d), milk production (31.3 vs. 29.7 kg/d), and less body weight loss (36 vs. 58 kg) during the first 21 d postpartum than feeding a 50% corn silage:50% alfalfa silage mixture. However, differences varied depending on dry cow feeding program. All dry cow treatments resulted in a high incidence of milk fever (11.5, 11.5, and 15.5% for A, B, and C, respectively). Dry cow rations containing as little as 50% alfalfa silage appear to predispose cows to increased incidence of milk fever.     

Influence of Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide, or Salt on Microbial Profile, TBARS and Color of Channel Catfish Fillets

ABSTRACT: Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fillets were treated with hydrogen peroxide (HP), ozonated water (OZ), and ascorbic acid plus salt (AS) or salt solution (BR). All treatments except AS decreased (p 0.05) Aeromonas, while OZ did not decrease Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter. All treatments except 5 ppm OZ reduced (p 0.05) initial TCC and PPC. At 0.7% HP, BR, and 10 ppm OZ fillets showed odor spoilage after 8,10 and 10.5 d, respectively. Fillets treated with HP, OZ, and BR had higher (p 0.05) TBARs than control fillets. HP treated fillets had lower (p 0.05) Hunter 'L' values, while BR treated fillets had higher 'a' and lower (p 0.05) Hunter 'L', 'b', and SI values than controls.     

Effect of monensin on growth, reproductive performance, and estimated body composition in Holstein heifers.

The objective was to determine the effect of feeding monensin on growth performance, average age at breeding, and body composition of Holstein heifers. Forty heifers were divided by weight into two groups, averaging 330 kg (heavy) and 217 kg (light) at the beginning of the trial. Within each weight group, heifers were assigned randomly to either of two treatments: without or with monensin feeding (200 mg per head daily). All heifers were fed diets containing either corn silage at 2% BW or ad libitum grass pasture supplemented with concentrates (1 to 1.5 kg per head daily). Monensin had no effect on BW, average daily gain, height at withers, heart girth, length, coccae width, or body condition score. Feeding monensin significantly decreased the age at breeding by 15 and 24 d and age at calving by 36 and 61 d for heavy and light heifers, respectively. Estimated empty body water, protein, or fat percentages determined by urea space were not affected by monensin. Heavy heifers contained a smaller percentage of empty body water but higher percentages of empty body protein and fat than light ones. The results from this study indicate that monensin can reduce age at puberty in Holstein heifers without affecting BW and composition.     

火麻仁油—藻油复配剂对混合型高脂血症大鼠的降脂及抗氧化作用

探讨火麻仁油—藻油复配剂对混合型高脂血症大鼠的降脂作用及抗氧化作用。将50只大鼠随机分为5组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组、模型对照组和复配剂低剂量组、中剂量组及高剂量组。高脂饲料喂养并给予相应药物灌胃后,测大鼠体重、睾脂肪垫重、肾周脂肪垫重、脂体比,检测血脂水平、血清的丙二醛(MAD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及过氧化超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性。结果表明:模型组大鼠与正常组比较,体重、睾脂肪垫重、肾周脂肪垫重、脂体比显著增加,TG、TC含量显著升高,HDL-C显著降低,MDA显著升高,SOD、GSH、GSH-Px显著降低(P0.01或P0.05)。与模型组比较,火麻仁油藻油高、中、低剂量组大鼠体重、睾脂肪垫重、肾周脂肪垫重、脂体比显著降低,MDA含量显著降低,SOD、GSH、GSH-Px含量显著升高(P0.01或P0.05)。火麻仁油—藻油复配剂具有调节血脂和抗氧化作用。     

Effectiveness of dietary non-starch polysaccharides in experimental toxic hepatitis

The efficiency of some polysaccharides was investigated in mice with an experimental toxic hepatitis. Hepatitis was induced by the oral administration of 10% solution CCl4 in olive oil at a dosage of 3 ml/kg body weight every day during 7 days. After that tested substances were administrated every day 30-40 min before a feeding at a dosage of 150 mg/kg body weight during 14-21 days. Results showed that a calcium alginate, two low-methoxyl pectins (one with the degree of esterification about 50% and other with the degree of esterification less 5%), fucoidan, and chitozan, but not lambda-carrageenan and kappa-carrageenan, have beneficial affects on liver total lipid, glycogen, malondialdehyde, and diene conjugates as well as on blood total lipid and alanine aminotransferase activity in animals with experimental toxic hepatitis.