MoS2与石墨对聚四氟蜡粘接涂层摩擦学性能的影响

利用MHK-500型环块摩擦磨损试验机分别考察了M oS2与石墨对聚四氟蜡/聚氨酯复合涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察分析了涂层磨损表面和偶件上转移膜的分布情况。研究表明,M oS2与石墨的加入使聚四氟蜡/聚氨酯复合涂层的耐磨性提高,但对摩擦系数影响较小,并且添加M oS2的聚四氟蜡粘接涂层的耐磨性要优于添加石墨的聚四氟蜡粘接涂层。同时,负荷和速度对添加M oS2与石墨的聚四氟蜡/聚氨酯复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能有很大影响。在高负荷中速条件下复合涂层具有较好的耐磨性能。     

Enhancement of oxidation and wear resistance of Fe-based amorphous coatings by surface modification of feedstock powders

Surface oxidation of the in-flight powders during the preparation of amorphous coatings in high velocity oxygen fuel process causes the formation of oxygen-rich intersplat regions. These regions are brittle in nature and can dramatically deteriorate the mechanical performance of the coatings. To solve this problem, the starting FeCrMoCBY amorphous feedstock powders were modified by electroless plating a thin layer of Ni–W–P amorphous phase. It was found that the covering of the Ni–W–P layer can significantly reduce the oxygen content in the resultant Fe-based amorphous coatings. The wear resistance of the coatings with and without the modification of Ni–W–P thin layer was comparatively studied by ball-on-disk wear tests against Si₃N₄ counterpart in air. It revealed that the wear of two types of coatings follows the same oxidation wear mechanism but the modified coating exhibits much better wear resistance due to the improved oxidation resistance.     

YSZ纤维增强等离子喷涂Al2O3/8YSZ涂层耐磨性能研究

将纤维增韧理念应用在等离子喷涂涂层设计中,可提升陶瓷涂层的断裂韧性,解决等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层韧性不足的问题。采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备了添加4%和8%(质量分数)氧化钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)的YSZ纤维增强Al_2O_3/8YSZ涂层,对纤维增强涂层的断裂韧性及耐磨性能进行了研究。结果表明:等离子喷涂YSZ纤维增强Al_2O_3/8YSZ陶瓷涂层由α-Al_2O_3、γ-Al_2O_3和t′相组成;添加YSZ纤维后,涂层的断裂韧性明显改善,添加8%YSZ纤维复合涂层的KIC达2.924 MPa·m~(1/2),涂层的显微硬度变化较小;在相同磨损工况下,相比于未添加纤维的涂层,YSZ纤维增强涂层的耐磨性显著提高,其中,添加8%YSZ纤维后复合涂层的耐磨性是未添加涂层的2.5倍。     

Surface characteristics and wear performance of laser surface engineered iron oxide coatings on cast aluminium alloy

Abstract

Surface characteristics of laser surface engineered iron oxide coatings on a cast aluminium alloy developed for improved wear performance have been studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in association with microhardness measurements. An attempt is made to relate the grain size and surface roughness of FeO and Fe₃O₄ based coatings to wear performance determined by block-on-disk dry sliding wear testing. Fe₃O₄ based coating exhibits finer grain and smoother surface in comparison to FeO coating. However, FeO displays superior wear performance even though the Knoop microhardness of both coatings was comparable.     

Electrodeposited composite coating of Ni-W-P with nano-sized rod- and spherical-shaped SiC particles

In this research, Ni-W-P-SiC nanocomposite coatings are electrodeposited from the plating solution containing suspension of nano-sized spherical- and rod-shaped SiC particles. The influence of SiC particle charge, applied current density, surfactant addition and the particle shape on the SiC incorporation rate has been studied. The phase structure, microhardness and wear resistance of Ni-W-P-SiC nanocomposite coatings were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness tester and wear test apparatus. The surface morphology of the produced coatings and worn surfaces has been investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Additionally, the composite coating exhibited higher hardness and wear resistance than the pure Ni-W-P alloy. Regardless the particle shape, the mechanical characteristics of composite coatings are improved with increasing of SiC wt.% into the matrix. The corrosion behavior of the produced coatings was studied using anodic polarization measurements. The nanocomposite coating incorporating SiC rods exhibited higher mechanical and corrosion performance compared with deposits with spherical SiC nano-particles.     

激光熔覆涂层中TiC_p界面结构与涂层冲击磨损性能

研究了外加ＴｉＣｐ／Ｎｉ 合金激光熔覆涂层中ＴｉＣｐ 的界面结构以及涂层的冲击磨损性能,并与原位ＴｉＣｐ／Ｎｉ 涂层进行了对比．结果表明,外加ＴｉＣｐ 界面存在外延生长、界面反应物及析出物．原位及外加ＴｉＣｐ 涂层在低冲击载荷下均可提高冲击磨损性能,前者提高幅度较大;在高冲击载荷下外加ＴｉＣｐ 涂层降低磨损性能,而原位ＴｉＣｐ 涂层仍显著提高磨损性能．ＴｉＣｐ 界面结构特征是影响磨损性能的主要原因．     

Plasmagestützte Beschichtung von Bauteilen bei niedrigen Temperaturen

The deposition of wear resistant coatings is possible nowadays at low temperature by the Plasma Assisted CVD process using metall organic precursors. Thus a coating of temperature sensitive materials like aluminium, magnesium and polymer at low temperature is realised. The wear resistant coatings TiCN and ZrCN were deposited on light metals at a temperature below 160°C. The mechanical properties of the layers show the potential of the coatings for parts with wear and friction. The surface hardness, the abrasive wear and the friction value are improved compared to the properties of substrate material and steel. Transparent BCN‐coatings can be used as scratch resistant coatings on polymers like polycarbonate. The layers offers good transmission by high hardness.     

聚四氟蜡/聚氨酯复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能

采用MHK-500型摩擦磨损试验机和日本协和株式会社产CA-A型接触角仪分别研究了聚四氟蜡、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)/聚氨酯粘接固体润滑涂层的摩擦磨损性能和疏水性能;采用扫描电子显微镜、光学显微镜分析了涂层磨损表面、对偶表面的磨损情况。结果表明,聚四氟蜡和PTFE都能提高聚氨酯涂层的疏水性和耐磨性能,降低涂层的摩擦系数。聚四氟蜡/聚氨酯粘接润滑涂层的耐磨性明显优于PTFE/聚氨酯粘接润滑涂层的耐磨性。同时,速度与负荷对聚四氟蜡/聚氨酯粘接涂层的摩擦磨损性能有很大影响。在低负荷、中高速试验条件下,它具有良好的减摩耐磨性能。     

氧气流量对超音速火焰喷涂多尺度WC-17Co涂层组织结构与性能的影响

工艺参数对超音速火焰喷涂WC-Co涂层的组织结构、硬度、耐磨性影响较大,但相关研究较少。采用超音速火焰喷涂技术(HVOF)在4种氧气流量(322,402,482,543 L/min)下将多尺度WC-17Co粉末(含30%纳米WC和70%微米WC)喷涂在Q235钢基体表面制备WC-17Co涂层。采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析涂层的截面形貌和物相,测试了涂层的硬度值,通过销盘磨损试验机测试涂层的耐磨损性能,研究氧气流量对多尺度WC-17Co涂层组织结构与耐磨性能的影响。结果发现:4种氧气流量下所制备的涂层组织致密,孔隙率为0.306%~1.290%;随着氧气流量降低,涂层中WC分解更严重,当氧气流量为322 L/min时,涂层中分解相(W_2C、W和Co_3W_3C)最多;涂层的硬度随着氧气流量增加而增加,当氧气流量为543 L/min时,涂层的硬度[(933.8±29.3)HV_(3N)]是Q235钢[(183±7)HV_(3N)]的5倍;随着氧气流量增加,涂层磨损失重逐渐减小,当氧气流量为543 L/min时,涂层的磨损失重仅为(8.57±0.95)mg,耐磨损性能较基材明显提高。     

电弧喷涂Al,Zn涂层和Al-Zn伪合金涂层的磨损性能

采用电弧喷涂制备了Al涂层、Zn涂层和Al-Zn伪合金涂层,在Falex试验机上测试了3种涂层的磨损性能。利用扫措电镜（SEM）、X－射线衍射分析（XRD）、能谱分析（EDX）等手段,地试样磨痕形貌及悄进行了分析。结果表明：Al涂层的磨损主要为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,Zn涂层的磨损主要为氧化磨损,Al-Zn伪合金涂层的磨损兼有Al,Zn2种涂层磨损特征,但更接近于Zn涂层的磨损机理。3种电弧喷涂层中,Zn涂层的耐磨性能优于其他2种涂层,Al-Zn伪合金涂层的耐磨性能介于两者之间,但更接近于Zn涂层。在140℃以下,温度对3种涂层的磨损性能影响不显著。     

石墨烯添加量对Ni基-石墨烯复合镀层性能的影响

为提高连铸结晶器的表面性能,以NiSO_4·6H_2O为主盐,用电镀的方法在炼钢连铸结晶器铜板上制备了Ni基-石墨烯复合镀层。利用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等分析手段,研究了镀液中石墨烯浓度对复合镀层组织、成分、形貌、厚度、相结构、硬度及耐磨性的影响,分析了复合强化机理。结果表明:Ni基-石墨烯复合镀层中C含量随着石墨烯添加量的增加而增加,石墨烯在镀层表面及截面上的分布较均匀;镀层的平均摩擦系数随石墨烯添加量的增加而减小,显微硬度显著提高;当镀液中石墨烯浓度为120 mg/L时,镀层的平均显微硬度为1 142 HV_(1N),摩擦系数为0.548,耐磨性优于目前生产上的常规Ni-Co合金镀层,可以有效地保证铸坯质量和提高结晶器使用寿命。     

Functionally gradient ceramic/metallic coatings for gas turbine components by high-energy beams for high-temperature applications

Failure of turbine blades generally results from high-temperature oxidation, corrosion, erosion, or combinations of these procedures at the tip, and the leading and trailing edges of a turbine blade. To overcome these limitations, functionally gradient ceramic/metallic coatings have been produced by high-energy beams for high-temperature applications in the aerospace and turbine industries to increase the life of turbine components. Thermal spray processes have long been used to apply high-temperature thermal barrier coatings to improve the life of turbine components. However, these processes have not met the increased demand by the aerospace and turbine industries to obtain higher engine temperatures and increased life enhancement as a result of the inhomogeneous microstructure, unmelted particles, voids, and poor bonding with the substrate. High-energy beams, i.e. electron beam-physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD), laser glazing, laser surface alloying, and laser surface cladding, have been explored to enhance the life of turbine components and overcome the limitations of the thermal spray processes. EB-PVD has overcome some of the disadvantages of the thermal spray processes and has increased the life of turbine components by a factor of two as a result of the columnar microstructure in the thermal barrier coating (TBC). Laser glazing has been used to produce metastable phases, amorphous material, and a fine-grained microstructure, resulting in improved surface properties such as fatigue, wear, and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures without changing the composition of the surface material. Laser surface alloying and laser surface cladding have shown promising results in improving the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the substrate's surface. Metal-matrix composite coatings have also been produced by a laser technique which resulted in increased wear and oxidation-resistant properties. The advantages and disadvantages of thermal spray processes, EB-PVD, laser glazing, laser surface alloying, and laser surface cladding will be discussed. Microstructural evolution of thermal barrier coatings, recent advancements in functionally gradient coatings, laser grooving, and multilayered textured coatings will also be discussed.     

Fabrication of Ni60–SiC coating on carbon steel for improving friction,corrosion properties

The Ni60 and SiC–Ni60 composite coatings were successfully obtained by high-frequency inductive cladding on the AISI 1045 steel surface. The influence of SiC nanoparticles on the morphologies, phase composition, micro-hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings were investigated systematically. An ultrasonic-assisted method was pre-treated for homogenising coating. The performance tests of coatings indicated that high-quality metallurgical bonding was formed under the optimised parameters. The average micro-hardness of Ni60 and SiC–Ni60 coatings was 765.6 and 1072.4?HV, respectively. The corresponding wear resistance was also measured, and the composite coating showed a much lower friction coefficient and wear rate. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evidently improved by the addition of SiC nanoparticles.     

Abrasiver Verschleiß nitrocarburierter Stähle

Abrasive wear of nitrocarburized steels Diffusion coatings have been used increasingly to improve surface properties of several machine components for tribological applications. In this investigation, the abrasive wear of various diffusion coatings has been studied. These coatings developed by three different nitrocarburizing processes, namely salt-bath, gas and plasma nitrocarburizing, were conducted on five various steel substrates. The substrates were St 52-3, Ck 45, 42 CrMo 4, 30 CrNiMo 8 and X 20 Cr 13. The thickness of the compound layers and their porosity were measured using optical microscopy. The structure of compound layers was characterized using an X-ray diffractometer, and their surface roughness by a stylus profilometer. The surface hardness measurements and the hardness profile were made according to the Vickers principle. The abrasion test was carried out using a pin-on-table machine. The predominant wear mechanisms have been evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the employed nitrocarburizing processes have improved the abrasive wear resistance of all tested coating-substrate-combinations. In general, the abrasive wear rate decreases with an increase in the hardness of the compound layer as well as its thickness. The best coating-substrate-combinations to improve abrasion resistance were salt-bath and gas nitrocarburized specimens of the substrate X 20 Cr 13. Plasma nitrocarburized specimens of the substrate St 52-3 and Ck 45 were the worst.     

Untersuchungen zur Beständigkeit thermisch gespritzter Schichten im Vergleich zu Hartchromschichten bei durch Abrasion dominierter tribologischer Beanspruchung

Investigations on thermal spray coatings resistance against abrasion dominated tribological load in comparison to hard chromium coatings HVOF iron and nickel based hard alloy as well as WC/Co(Cr) and Cr₃C₂/Ni20Cr coatings are compared to APS Al₂O₃/TiO₂ and Cr₂O₃, powder flame sprayed and fused composite coatings consisting of NiCrBSi and WC/Co and electrolytically deposited hard chromium coatings concerning their wear behavior for tribological load by lose abrasive particles (ASTM G65 and ASTM G75). Thereby the influence of newly developed HVOF torch combustion chambers with reduced critical diameter and divergent expansion nozzles that both permit increased combustion gas and therefore also particle velocities on microstructure and wear resistance of the produced coatings is studied. While there is no improvement of wear resistance for hard alloy coatings compared to mild steel substrates for the specific tribological boundary conditions of these tests, especially the carbide reinforced coatings permit improvement by more than one order of magnitude in ASTM G65 tests and even more than two orders of magnitude in ASTM G75 tests. Also, for both types of tribological load HVOF coatings with WC as reinforcing phase are clearly superior to electrolytically deposited hard chromium coatings. Both use of the combustion chamber with reduced critical diameter and the expansion nozzles with divergent contour result in improved wear resistance of the thereby produced coatings. The specific wear mechanisms are deduced based on SEM examination of worn specimen surfaces.     

QT600材料表面离子镀AlCrN涂层的耐磨性能研究

采用多弧离子镀膜的方法在空压机转子QT600表面制备AlCrN涂层,详细研究干滑动摩擦条件下,不同载荷对涂层和基体的滑动摩擦学特性.研究结果表明:转子基体的磨损形式主要为黏着与磨粒磨损,载荷越高,磨粒磨损越严重;Al-CrN涂层在2N载荷下的磨损形式主要为黏着磨损,在8N载荷下主要为黏着与磨粒磨损.     

Influence of ion implantation and overlay coatings on various physico-mechanical and wear properties of stainless steel,titanium and aluminium

This work represents the data on the wear behaviour of 304 stainless steel, commercial grade titanium and commercial grade aluminium without and with different surface treatments, namely ion implantation of boron and nitrogen and overlay coatings of titanium carbide and nitride.The surface treatments were characterized by phase identification, hardness, bend strength, as well as adhesion of overlay coatings. Wear properties were evaluated in adhesive, erosive and abrasive modes of wear.The experimental results showed that surface treatments produced measurable changes in hardness and strength. The results of adhesive wear tests indicated that the wear resistance of all the substrate materials can be considerably improved by overlay coating with superhard materials in dry as well as lubricated test conditions. Ion implantation resulted in improvement of wear properties for only a limited regime of adhesive wear under lubricated conditions and for the abrasive mode of wear. Overlay coatings produced a marked improvement in abrasive wear tests under lubricated conditions on all substrate materials.     

发动机叶片纳米颗粒复合电刷镀后的性能

针对某型发动机压气机整流叶片榫头磨损,应用纳米颗粒复合电刷镀技术进行修复.通过控制电刷镀工艺参数,获得了性能稳定的纳米颗粒复合镀层,并检测了镀层的结合强度、显微硬度、基体渗氢量、耐磨性能及接触疲劳寿命.结果表明:n-Al2O3/Ni镀层、n-SiO2/Ni镀层以及快镍镀层的结合强度均能满足使用要求;与快镍镀层相比,n-Al2O3/Ni镀层硬度提高了25%,对基体的渗氢量降低了47%,耐磨性能是快镍镀层的2.5倍,接触疲劳寿命增加,而n-SiO2/Ni镀层硬度提高了12%,对基体的渗氢量降低了41%,耐磨性能是快镍镀层的2.2倍,接触疲劳寿命增加;纳米颗粒复合电刷镀比普通电刷镀快镍的加工效率提高近1倍;采用纳米颗粒复合电刷镀修复的叶片通过了长试考核,能满足使用性能要求.     

粉末状态对超音速喷涂合成TiC-Ni涂层组织和性能的影响

以Ti粉、Ni粉和石墨为原料通过PVA制粒和混合制粒制备两种喷涂粉末.研究表明:制粒方式在超音速火焰喷涂对涂层组织和耐磨性能有很大影响.PVA制粒粉末进行喷涂,涂层的相组成为TiC、Ni和少量Ti与Ni的氧化物,组织致密具有典型的层状涂层结构特征,涂层耐冲蚀磨损性能较强;混合制粒由于在火焰气流中缺乏SHS反应的条件,粉末喷涂后涂层中含有大量的Ti和Ni的氧化物和少量的粘结相Ni,具有较多的孔洞涂层组织疏松,耐冲蚀磨损性能较差.     

基于PVD-TiN和TiSiN涂层的Al2O3/TiCN陶瓷刀具及其切削性能研究

采用物理气相沉积(Physical vapor deposition, PVD)工艺在Al₂O₃/TiCN陶瓷刀具表面分别沉积了TiN和TiSiN涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察涂层微观结构, 采用显微硬度计和划痕仪分别表征涂层硬度和测量涂层与基体的结合强度。通过对涂层刀具进行连续干切削灰铸铁实验, 研究TiN和TiSiN涂层对刀具磨损特征的影响并探讨其磨损机理, 同时研究了涂层对工件加工表面质量的影响。结果表明: PVD涂层可显著提高Al₂O₃/TiCN陶瓷的刀具硬度。TiN涂层和TiSiN涂层可分别提高刀具表面硬度25%和65%, 从而增加刀具耐磨性。两种涂层刀具在连续切削灰铸铁实验中主要的失效机理均是挤压变形下的磨粒磨损, 其中TiN涂层刀具还伴随有粘结磨损; 刀具上的PVD-TiN和TiSiN涂层可以有效保护Al₂O₃/TiCN陶瓷刀具基体, 防止崩刃, 进而改善工件表面加工质量。