医用戊二醛的提纯工艺

介绍了短程蒸馏技术分离戊二醛消毒剂的工艺过程,系统研究了短程蒸馏的系统压力、蒸馏温度、刮膜器转速及进料速率等操作因素对戊二醛含量的影响。得出了分离提纯医用级戊二醛的最佳工艺条件：进料速率为7．5kg／h,加热温度为75℃,系统压力为0．1Pa,搅拌速度为130r／min。利用短程蒸馏技术分离提纯戊二醛,效率高,纯度高,能够达到医用的要求。     

离子液体体系中环戊烯氧化合成戊二醛的研究

在离子液沐中，采用钨酸为催化剂，用过氧化氢水溶液为氧化剂，一步催化氧化环戊烯合成戊二醛。催化体系经4次循环，催化活性未见明显降低，并进一步讨论了CPE与H2O2物料配比、反应温度、反应时间对戊二醛收率的影响，并确定了最佳合成工艺条件：n（C5H8）：n（H2O2）=1：4，反应温度40℃，反应时间8hr。戊二醛总收率73％。     

均匀设计法优选聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钙复合膜制备工艺

采用均匀设计法设计实验,以w（戊二醛）、m（PVA）：m（SA）、m（CaCl2）和t（戊二醛与聚乙烯醇的反应时间）为考察因素,以含水率和拉断伸长率为考察指标,研究聚乙烯醇海藻酸钙复合膜的制备工艺条件。用红外光谱测定材料中交联反应的互溶性,用扫描电镜观察材料的组织形态。表明最佳制备工艺条件为：叫（戊二醛）-0．85％,m（PVA）：m（SA）=7．5：1,侧（CaCl2）-2％,反应时间为1．5h。测试结果表明,制得的复合膜外观均一、光滑,柔韧有弹性,呈乳白色,含水质量百分率达到85．01％,拉断伸长率为494．80％。优选出的制备工艺条件可行性好。     

WO_3/HMS催化剂多相催化氧化环戊烯合成戊二醛

以(NH4)2WO4为钨源制备的WO3/HMS分子筛为催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,考察了在环戊烯氧化制备戊二醛的多相催化反应中反应时间、反应温度、催化剂质量、溶剂用量和氧化剂质量分数等因素对戊二醛收率的影响。筛选出WO3/HMS催化环戊烯(CPE)合成戊二醛反应的适宜工艺条件:n(H2O2)∶n(W)∶n(CPE)=2∶0.025∶1,V(t-BuOH)∶V(CPE)=8∶1,反应温度为35℃,反应时间为30 h。戊二醛的收率可达67%。     

戊二醛的合成及应用

介绍了戊二醛合成方法的发展沿革，对吡啶法，吡喃法，戊二醇法，戊二酸法，环戊烯法等戊二醛的主要合成工艺进行述评，并对这些工艺进行了简单的比较，阐述了目前国内生产状况及戊二醛在消毒方面，帛革工业，石油工业等方面的应用。同时对戊二醛产品的市场前景作了简要的叙述。     

影响戊二醛杀菌性能因素的研究

戊二醛杀菌性能影响因素实验研究与分析的结果表明：影响戊二醛杀菌作用的主要因素不是它的使用浓度，而且应用体系的ＰＨ值，离子浓度、温度以及杀菌时间，同时找出了戊二醛菌的最佳条件：ＰＨ为１１、时间为８ｈ、金属离子浓度为４００ｍｇ／Ｌ、温度为３０８Ｋ戊二醛浓度为２５ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

环戊烯催化氧化合成戊二醛

以环戊烯为原料 ,采用钨酸催化剂合成戊二醛。用GH沉淀剂回收钨酸催化剂 ,同时将反应中间体进一步转化成戊二醛。确定了较佳合成工艺条件 :n(H2 O2 )∶n(C5H8) =(2 .0 0～ 2 .0 5 )∶1 0 0 ,m(H2 WO4 )∶m(C5H8) =(0 .0 4～ 0 .0 5 )∶1 0 0 ,n(GH)∶n(H2 WO4 ) =(1.0 5～ 1.10 )∶1 0 0 ,沉淀反应时间 6～ 7h。戊二醛总收率 6 5 %以上。     

混合酸水解法合成新型改性骨胶及性能研究

采用混合酸(盐酸和柠檬酸)水解、戊二醛共聚交联等手段,对传统骨胶进行改性。以混合酸中柠檬酸的体积分数、水解温度、水解时间以及戊二醛用量作为试验因素,改性骨胶黏度和凝固点作为考核指标,采用单因素试验法优选出制备改性骨胶的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:当m(骨胶)=25 g、V(水)=25 mL时,改性骨胶的最佳工艺条件为25 mL混合酸中φ(柠檬酸)=0.06%、酸解温度65℃、酸解时间35 min和V(0.5%戊二醛)=1.5 mL;由最佳工艺条件制成的改性骨胶黏合剂,其凝固点为-2℃、黏度为1 850 mPa·s、剪切强度为1.87 MPa、开胶时间为1.5 h、适用期为90 d且具有良好的热稳定性能。     

戊二醛对壳聚糖-聚醚水凝胶溶胀动力学的影响

以壳聚糖和聚醚为原料、戊二醛为交联剂合成了壳聚糖-聚醚水凝胶。研究了壳聚糖-聚醚水凝胶溶胀机理,探讨了戊二醛浓度对该水凝胶的溶胀度、溶胀速率和溶胀动力学的影响。结果表明,戊二醛浓度不仅是影响水凝胶溶胀度的主要因素,随着戊二醛浓度的增大,壳聚糖-聚醚水凝胶的溶胀度逐渐减小,而且影响其溶胀动力学类型,当戊二醛浓度为0.107 mol·L^-1,该水凝胶的溶胀过程属于Fickian类型,当戊二醛浓度为0.320、0.533 mol·L^-1,其溶胀过程属于non-Fickian类型。     

戊二醛交联改性螺旋藻及其吸附Cr6＋的试验研究

利用戊二醛对螺旋藻进行交联改性制备新型吸附剂吸附Cr6＋研究。采用正交试验法对戊二醛改性螺旋藻吸附Cr6＋的改性条件进行研究,结果显示：各因素对改性藻吸附Cr6＋的影响由大到小的顺序为：戊二醛质量分数〉初始pH值〉改性时间〉藻类投加量,最佳试验条件为：戊二醛质量分数为6%,初始pH值为1,藻类投加量为0.5 g,改性时间为4 h。对原藻和改性后的藻吸附能力进行对比研究,结果显示：室温下对于100 mL Cr6＋的质量浓度为80 mg/L的溶液,在藻的投加量为0.4 g、pH值为3时吸附效果最好。原藻和改性藻的Langmuir动力学方程的最大吸附量分别可达到7 889.5、14 424.5μg/g。     

W-HMS催化剂的制备及其在戊二醛合成中的应用研究

以(NH4)2WO4为钨源,采用原位法合成W-HMS催化剂,利用XRD、FTIR等手段对其结构进行了表征;以W-HMS催化环戊烯氧化合成戊二醛,考察了相关因素对戊二醛收率的影响,通过正交实验确定优化反应条件如下:叔丁醇为溶剂、反应时间为28 h、反应温度为35℃、催化剂用量为3.4979 g,在此条件下,戊二醛收率达7...     

过氧酸条件下催化环戊烯氧化制备戊二醛的工艺研究

以环戊烯（CPE）为原料、在甲酸与过氧化氢形成的过氧甲酸体系中，以铌酸为催化剂一步合成戊二醛，考察了反应物配比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等对反应的影响。在最佳反应条件下，戊二醛的收率达到65％。该方法反应条件温和、高效节能，具有较好的工业化价值。     

液—液相转移反应萃取法合成戊二醛

提出了液－液相转移反应萃取法制备戊二醛（ＧＡ）新工艺。此工艺过程是在相转移催化剂（ＰＴＣ）与杂多酸（ＨＰＡ）的参与下,用过氧化氢在有机相氧化环戊烯（ＣＰＥ）,生成的ＧＡ被萃取至水相。     

银/二氧化硅复合载体固定木瓜蛋白酶的研究

以沉积了银纳米粒子的二氧化硅微球为载体,戊二醛为交联剂共价固定了木瓜蛋白酶。研究了戊二醛用量以及载体中银纳米粒子质量分数对酶负载率、相对活力和酶活回收率的影响,考察了温度和pH值对固定酶的影响。结果表明,戊二醛的适宜质量分数为5%;当载体的银负载量(质量分数)为0.68%时,固定木瓜蛋白酶活回收率最高,比使用未负载银载体提高了131%;固定酶的最适反应温度为75℃,与游离酶基本相同;最适pH值为7.5,与游离酶相比向碱性方向移动了1个单位。     

基于大分子拥挤原理的介孔二氧化硅中青霉素酰化酶的共价组装

To improve the covalent immobilization of penicillin acylase （PA）, macromolecular crowding theory was applied to its immobilization. Influence of mass ratio of enzyme to the silica, as well as, activation time with glutaraldehyde on the activity of assembled PA, was studied. In the mesopores, the effect of fl-cyclodextrin （β-CD） on the immobilization of the enzyme was also investigated. It was remarkable that the coupled yield and relative activity reached 99.5% and 92.3%, respectively, when penicillin acylase assembled covalently in the mesopores. The results here indicate that mimicked macromolecule crowding could significantly ameliorate the performance of covalently immobilized PA.     

戊二醛合成方法述评

扼要介绍戊二醛合成方法的发展沿革 ,对吡啶法、吡喃法、戊二醇氧化脱氢法及环戊烯氧化法等几种戊二醇合成方法进行了评述。     

Improved Water Resistance and Adhesive Performance of a Commercial UF Resin Blended with Glutaraldehyde

The influence of glutaraldehyde blend on the properties of a commercially available resin in moist conditions was investigated. A UF resin with very low water resistance was blended with glutaraldehyde prior to the thermosetting step and the adhesive performance of the modified adhesive systems was studied. Experiments were performed on birch two-layer co-oriented plywood. It was shown that blending a commercial glue-mix as sold with glutaraldehyde can be an effective way to improve water resistance of the glue without introducing additional -NH₂ moiety. It was also found that glutaraldehyde does not deteriorate properties of the glue in the dry state, while glue susceptibility to boiling water is markedly reduced.     

Optimised immobilisation of microbial lipase on hydrous niobium oxide

The aim of this work was to establish appropriate conditions for immobilising Candida rugosa lipase on a low‐cost inorganic matrix, hydrous niobium oxide, using a multivariate statistical approach. A 2³ full factorial design was employed to determine the effects of support activation with glutaraldehyde (concentration 2.5–4.5%, pH 7–10) and lipase loading (200‐700 U g^?1 matrix) on the hydrolytic and synthetic activities of the immobilised derivatives. From the results the following conditions were established: lipase loading of 450 U g^?1 matrix and niobium oxide activation with glutaraldehyde at a concentration of 2.5% and pH 8. Under these conditions, high activity recovery (47.21%) and esterification yield (86.90%) were attained. The results also show that hydrous niobium oxide can be a valid alternative to replace high‐cost, commercially available inorganic matrices such as controlled pore silica. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Improved Water Resistance and Adhesive Performance of a Commercial UF Resin Blended with Glutaraldehyde

The influence of glutaraldehyde blend on the properties of a commercially available resin in moist conditions was investigated. A UF resin with very low water resistance was blended with glutaraldehyde prior to the thermosetting step and the adhesive performance of the modified adhesive systems was studied. Experiments were performed on birch two-layer co-oriented plywood. It was shown that blending a commercial glue-mix as sold with glutaraldehyde can be an effective way to improve water resistance of the glue without introducing additional –NH₂ moiety. It was also found that glutaraldehyde does not deteriorate properties of the glue in the dry state, while glue susceptibility to boiling water is markedly reduced.