无溶剂型聚氨酯密封胶的研制及性能研究

以甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、复合阻燃剂及无机添加料等为主要原料，研制了双组分无溶剂型聚氨酯(PU)密封胶，并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明，所研制的聚氨酯(PU)胶不仅具有优良的粘接性能，而且还具有良好的抗流淌性、阻燃性及操作性能。     

湿法聚氨酯树脂浆料配方的改进

通过对湿法PU合成革用聚氨酯(PU)树脂浆料配方的改进，降低了浆料的生产成本，浆料的后期加工性能提高，并且PU膜的性能也有所改善。     

筛分方式对PU/4A分子筛复合材料性能的影响

以聚己二酸乙二醇酯(PEA)、2,4甲-苯二异氰酸酯(TD I-100)、扩链剂(MOCA)、4A分子筛为原料,采用预聚法制备了聚氨酯(PU)/4A分子筛复合材料。考察了不同筛分方式处理的分子筛对PU/4A分子筛复合材料力学性能、耐溶剂性能的影响,并以DSC分析了分子筛对PU/4A复合材料的硬链段结晶形态及耐热性能。结果表明,PU/4A复合材料的力学性能与分子筛的前处理密切相关,用400目分析筛处理的效果优于用200目分析筛处理的分子筛,且当其质量分数为5%时,所制备的PU/4A-400复合材料的综合力学性能最好,耐溶剂性能大幅度提高,与纯聚氨酯相比,增重率降低55%~60%。DSC分析结果显示,复合材料中的脲基键的断裂温度明显提高。     

PU／SBA-15介孔分子筛复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用预聚法制备聚氨酯（PU）／SBA-15介孔分子筛复合材料，并采用DSC、SEM、DMA和TG等方法对复合材料进行表征。结果表明，PU／SBA-15分子筛复合材料与纯聚氨酯相比，拉伸强度有所提高，耐撕裂性能明显增大；复合材料的耐热性能和耐溶剂性能提高不明显；SBA-15分子筛对聚氨酯软硬段的微相分离影响较小。     

液态耐黄变剂在聚氨酯软泡中的应用

介绍了耐黄变剂EVERSORB(R)PU665与EVERSORB(R)PU667在聚氨酯软泡中的应用,讨论了其用量对聚氨酯软泡耐热压加工、紫外线和工业废气(NOx)黄变性能的影响.结果表明,在聚氨酯软泡中加入EVERSORB(R)PU665或EVERSORB(R)PU667均可明显提高耐黄变性能,可解决聚氨酯软泡在不同...     

纳米材料改性水性聚氨酯的研究进展

综述了纳米材料改性水性聚氨酯(PU)研制的进展情况,介绍了纳米材料在水性PU乳液中的分散方法和水性PU纳米复合材料的制备方法,并对纳米技术在水性PU中的发展应用作了展望。     

废聚氨酯改性丁腈橡胶的研究

报道了废聚氨酯(PU)对丁腈橡胶(NBR)的改性研究。探讨了废PU含量对NBR的物理机械性能、热空气老化性能和耐溶剂、耐油性能的影响。结果表明，废PU可以明显提高NBR的力学性能和耐溶剂性，对材料的弹性、硬度、耐油性和电阻率影响不大；废PU含量超过20份(质量)以后会明显降低NBR的热老化性能。     

废聚氨酯的溶解和综合利用

研究了废聚氨酯（PU）的溶解特性，以及用其制造的粘合剂和防水透气薄膜的性能。探讨了室温下溶解废Pu的方法，比较了废PU粘合剂和商品粘舍刺的粘接性能，用原子力显微镜考察了热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）、废PU改性TPU和纳米二氧化钛／废PU／TPU制备的薄膜的成孔性能。结果表明。将废PU塑炼以后，用乙酸乙酯和丙酮混合溶剂，可以制得效果较好的溶液；废PU粘合剂的粘接性能与商品粘合剂相当；废PU改性TPU混合溶液制得的防水透气膜，孔径为1μm左右，且分布均匀，添加纳米二氧化钛可以获得强度高、孔径分布均匀、杀菌和防水透气效果优良的薄膜。     

碳纳米材料在PU纱线基柔性应变传感器中的应用

聚氨酯（PU）纱线基柔性应变传感器具有质轻柔软、透气性好、力学性能优异、传感性能良好、廉价易得等优点，但存在灵敏度与应变范围的非线性关系以及滞后性的问题。本文首先介绍了碳纳米材料/PU纱线基柔性应变传感器的构成，并分析了各构成部分对传感器性能的影响机理。在此基础上，根据PU传感纱线制备方式的不同，分别对均质PU纱类、涂层PU纱类和结构PU纱类三类传感器的研究进展进行了综述，指出选择合理的纺丝原料添加量、纺丝牵伸比、涂覆黏合剂、导电皮层与非导电芯层厚度比、导电皮层对非导电芯层有效包覆率、多维导电网络以及新颖的纱线结构、纱线成型新技术可提高PU导电纱线的传感性能。最后，分析了碳纳米材料/PU纱线基柔性应变传感器存在的问题，对高性能PU基础纱线、高品质碳纳米材料、新型加工及集成技术、研制和应用过程中应满足的基本条件等未来的重点发展方向进行了展望，以期为开发高性能纱线基柔性应变传感器提供参考。     

生物可降解聚氨酯材料研究进展

综述了生物降解聚氨酯（PU）材料的研究进展。较详细地介绍了国内外制备生物可降解聚氨酯的方法，指出淀粉是使PU具有生物可降解性能最有潜力的原料，同时强调应加强在降妥原理和降解动力学方面的研究。     

近期国内外聚氨酯工业发展概述

本文叙述世界聚氨酯工业生产概况，包括聚氨酯原材料以及聚氨酯产品的生产和消费情况；聚氨酯泡沫塑料技术进展，如氯氟烃（ＣＦＣｓ）替代技术，阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料和聚氨酯反应注射成型（ＰＵ－ＲＩＭ），以及国内聚氨酯工业的发展概况。     

Preparation and characterization of polyurethane/silica aerogel nanocomposite materials

In this investigation, silica aerogel (SA)/Rigid Polyurethane (PUR) foam composites and silica aerogel/Polyurethane (PU) composites were prepared by dry mixing of granular and grinded silica aerogels with polyol part. They were then combined with diisocyanate part. Three different types of PUR foams and an elastomeric coating grade of PU were studied as well. Results show that thermal conductivity of foams did not decrease by adding silica aerogel. It even increased for some grades which is assumed to be due to the change in cell configuration of these foams. It was also found that sound insulation performance of these cellular composites did not improve significantly. Unlike foam composites, addition of silica aerogel into elastomeric PU improved its thermal and acoustic insulation properties. Because of the more promising properties of elastomeric PU composites, further examinations including measurements of compression strength and water contact angle of silica aerogel/PU composites were also taken. Final results showed a significant improvement in general properties of PU coatings by adding little amounts of silica aerogel (1–4 wt %). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44521.     

提高聚氨酯耐紫外老化性的研究进展

介绍了聚氨酯材料的光老化机理,综述了采用紫外线吸收剂(UV-P,UV-328,UV-B83等)和抗氧剂(BHT,抗氧剂1135,抗氧剂PUR 67,抗氧剂PUR68等)提高聚氨酯耐紫外光老化性的研究进展。研究表明,将几种稳定剂组合使用可使聚氨酯获得最佳的稳定效果。     

新型低成本耐老化聚氨酯弹性体的研究

以酯基间有2~6个碳原子的聚酯二元醇（CMA-24、CMA-44、CMA-254、CMA-66）、甲苯二异氰酸酯和扩链剂3,5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺（DMTDA）为原材料,通过预聚体法制备了一种耐水解聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体。探讨了水解稳定剂、防酶剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂等助剂对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响,测定了耐水解聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐海水性能。结果表明,通过添加适量的水解稳定剂、防霉剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂可大幅度提高聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐紫外线老化性能,特别是耐海水性能较传统的聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体提高了5倍以上。     

室温固化双组分聚氨酯灌封胶的制备

选用聚合物H和改性异氰酸酯K为主要原料合成聚氨酯灌封胶。测试了材料各项性能。结果表明,该材料具有优良的耐水性、耐腐蚀性和电性能,非常适合电信电缆接头灌封和电子行业的灌封。     

共混改性废旧聚氨酯的再生研究

采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)与热塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)共混改性废旧聚氨酯(PUR),探讨了PMMA与PUR-T用量对PUR再生料的力学性能、加工性能的影响,并分析了树脂与CaCO3的界面相容性.结果表明,添加PMMA或PUR-T共混改性废旧PUR均能使材料的力学性能有所改善;但添加PMMA使再生料的加工性能有所下降,而添加PUR-T使再生料的加工性能提高,通过扫描电子显微镜观察发现,其共混体系中树脂与CaCO3的界面接合性要比PMMA共混体系好.     

一步法制备聚氨酯通信电缆灌封胶

介绍一步法制备通信电缆灌封胶的方法 ,其影响因素及制品的性能 ,并且与国内外同类产品性能进行了对比。     

Polyurethane–polypropylene blends

Five series of blends were obtained by mixing five polyurethanes (PUR), based on poly-propyleneoxide, MDI, and butanediol, with polypropylene (PP). The structure of PUR was varied by varying soft segment length (MW = 1000 and 2000) and soft segment concentration (50, 60, and 70%). It has been shown that interaction between PUR and PP was better in the case of PUR with the polyol of MW = 1000. The addition of lower molecular weight PUR produced an easy flowing material in the molten state, comparable with the “control rheology PP.” The morphology of the blends changed with PUR concentration. At 30% PUR the dispersed phase tended to agglomerate in the form of long cylinders. Mechanical properties generally were affected by the change of morphology.     

复合发泡体系对PUR–T发泡材料性能的影响

采用化学发泡法,用热塑性聚氨酯(PUR–T)及偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)/Na HCO3,AC/尿素及4,4’–氧代双苯磺酰肼(OBSH)/Na HCO3,OBSH/尿素复合发泡剂和交联剂甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)制备出交联型PUR–T发泡材料,通过万能电子试验机、发泡倍数和扫描电子显微镜分析比较了不同复合发泡剂的发泡效果,探讨了AC/Na HCO3用量配比和TDI用量对PUR–T发泡材料力学性能、发泡倍数和泡孔结构的影响。结果表明,AC/Na HCO3复合发泡剂对PUR–T的发泡效果最佳,泡孔均匀细密且结构最为稳定;当AC和Na HCO3用量均为0.2份、TDI用量为1.2份时,发泡剂的发泡速率和PUR–T的交联速率最匹配,发泡倍数为1.421倍,发泡效果最佳,制得的PUR–T发泡材料的力学性能最好,其拉伸强度达11.23 MPa,断裂伸长率达311%。     

Mechanical properties and fire retardant behavior of polyurethane foam reinforced with oil palm empty fruit bunch

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of isocyanate/hydroxyl ratio and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) content on the properties of polyurethane foam. Polyurethane (PU) foam was prepared from polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 200, reinforced with oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) using one shot process. The effect of EFB content on the properties of PU foam was also studied. It was noticed that EFB enhanced the properties of the PU foam. This was due to EFB acting as hard segment in PU foam system. The NCO/OH ratio played an important role in determining the properties of the PU foam produced. However, since EFB is a highly flammable material, APP was introduced to the PU foam system. From the results, APP improved the fire retardant behavior of the PU foam. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012