基于国际经验探究中国保健食品原料管理研究

随着人造肉等未来食品的出现,食品可使用的原料将不断增加,保健食品的品类也将不断丰富。保健食品原料管理是保健食品注册与备案工作的重点和难点,管活、管住、管优保健食品原料是保证保健食品安全、有效和质量可控的关键。本文在总结我国保健食品原料分类及使用情况,梳理国内外保健食品原料管理经验的基础上,分析了我国保健食品原料管理存在的问题并提出了相关建议和意见,旨在服务监管部门制定科学合理的监管政策。     

我国保健食品安全管理问题研究与进展

在上世纪80年代初期,我国保健食品行业逐渐兴起,但随着巨大商机的出现,保健食品安全管理方面的问题也层出不穷,为此进行我国保健食品安全管理问题方面的研究。通过查看文献评阅数据中问题的严重性指数,发现排序前两位的是食品监管方面的问题和保健食品生产者工艺问题;以一份保健食品知信行的调查结果为依托,发现消费者在保健食品安全管理方面认识度低;基于研究与进展情况,提出问题相应的解决对策。     

试论保健食品的安全性

保健食品的安全是人们对保健食品的基本要求。本文对我国保健食品的概念、来源、功能,以及保健食品安全存在的主要问题及应对措施做了简要介绍。     

保健食品安全信任及建立安全信任政策的研究

近年来,保健食品的安全问题频繁发生,消费者对保健食品市场的信任危机日益加剧。本文通过梳理国内外消费者对保健食品安全信任问题的研究报道,简要介绍了保健食品安全信任内涵,并将其影响因素概括为消费者个人特征、对利益主体的信任、对保健食品安全知识的认知等3个方面。最后,从促进保健食品安全信息有效传递、建立多元利益诉求表达机制、制定公开透明的保健食品安全事件应对举措、完善保健食品安全监督管理体制等方面出发,对改善我国的保健食品安全治理模式,促进消费者对保健食品安全的信任提供了相关建议。     

保健食品不良反应的监管研究

如何控制保健食品不良反应的负面影响,并对其实施有效的监管,是我们当今卫生健康安全发展道路上的一个难题。当前我国对保健食品不良反应的管理还不太完善,存在着监管流于形式等一系列问题,这归结于保健食品不良反应监管过程中的利益因素、信息不对称和保健食品自身的特性。加强保健食品不良反应的监管,需要通过转变监管观念,完善法律法规和主动搜寻保健食品安全信息,及时公开等举措来实现。     

关于国内保健食品安全信任及建立安全信任政策的研究

现如今,国内保健食品安全问题日益凸显,消费者对保健食品安全出现了信任危机。对此,本文全面分析了影响保健食品安全信任的因素,并结合实际,建立安全信任政策,以期解决我国食品安全问题,维护大众健康安全。     

保健食品安全风险监管行为激励相容机制研究

针对我国保健食品安全风险监管过程中的信息不对称性及政府监管效率低下问题,运用博弈分析方法,引入消费者权益损失补偿系数,考虑企业名誉损失、企业内部奖励等因素,构建我国保健食品安全风险监管过程中政府与保健食品生产企业之间的激励相容机制模型,分析政府与保健食品生产企业之间的行为策略选择对保健食品安全风险监管的影响机制,并在此基础上提出提升我国保健食品安全风险监管效率的相关政策建议。     

我国保健食品安全协同治理法律问题探析

针对我国保健食品安全领域问题频发的现状,首先分析了保健食品安全协同治理的必要性,然后指出我国保健食品协同治理机制中存在的问题,包括对保健食品企业进行监管和执法的措施有待完善、对保健食品消费者的教育和保护机制尚未健全等,最后针对上述问题,提出完善建议。一方面,应完善对保健食品虚假宣传和传销等不合规行为的监管机制（包括全面、系统地建立对保健食品企业的食品安全合规监管制度,在保健食品安全协同治理机制中引入行政和解制度）;另一方面,健全对保健食品消费者的教育和保护机制：其一,在保健食品主要监管部门的官方媒体上做好消费者教育工作;其二,将行政和解过程中取得的和解金全部或者部分地补偿给权益受损害的消费者并奖励举报保健食品企业不合规行为的消费者等社会公众;其三,将“默示加入,明示退出”的集团诉讼制度引入保健食品民事诉讼领域,并最终形成多方共同积极参与的保健食品安全协同治理机制。     

我国保健食品研发与生产中可能出现的安全问题及对策

我国保健食品行业进入快速发展阶段,保健食品产品的安全保障是一项系统工程,不仅包括保健食品的研发、注册环节,还包括生产、流通、监管等各个重要环节. 只有在各个环节都采取了切实措施,才能确保终产品的安全. 本文从保健食品研发、注册和生产环节,阐述了我国保健食品可能出现的安全问题,并针对问题提出可以采取的相应对策.     

引入GMP认证保健食品新规实施

保健食品的安全问题一直是消费者关心的话题。从7月1日起，《保健食品注册管理办法》开始实行，这个《办法》对加强保健食品的安全做出了新的规定。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press