臭氧水对鲜切胡萝卜贮藏品质的影响

采用不同浓度(10~50 mg/L)的臭氧水对鲜切胡萝卜进行处理,测定了在4℃贮藏过程中样品的理化指标、菌落总数和感官品质。结果表明,40 mg/L臭氧水中处理10 min,可以有效地保持鲜切胡萝卜的硬度和脆度,降低失重率和延缓V_C的降解,同时能延缓表面微生物的生长和繁殖。      

贮藏温度对鲜切胡萝卜品质及总酚和γ-氨基丁酸含量的影响

研究了不同贮藏温度对鲜切胡萝卜品质及总酚、γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA）含量的影响。将新鲜胡萝卜切丝后置于4、10 ℃和20 ℃下分别贮藏6、4、2 d。结果表明：在贮藏期间鲜切胡萝卜菌落总数、质量损失率、白度升高,而总胡萝卜素和抗坏血酸含量下降;与10、20 ℃相比,4 ℃低温贮藏能明显抑制鲜切胡萝卜菌落总数、质量损失率、白度的增加及总胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸含量的下降;鲜切胡萝卜在贮藏期间总酚、GABA含量及1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基清除能力增加,而苯丙氨酸解氨酶（L-phenylalanine ammonialyase,PAL）和谷氨酸脱羧酶（glutamate decarboxylase,GAD）活力则先上升后下降;与4 ℃和10 ℃相比,20 ℃条件下鲜切胡萝卜中总酚和GABA积累最多,DPPH自由基清除能力及PAL、GAD活力也最高。这些结果表明,传统的低温贮藏有利于保持鲜切胡萝卜的品质,而较高温度短期贮藏既能保证鲜切胡萝卜的品质和安全性,同时可促进酚类物质和GABA的合成积累,提高抗氧化活性和营养价值。     

贮藏温度对鲜切菠萝生化品质的影响

为了保持和改善鲜切菠萝的贮藏品质,研究不同贮藏温度(0、4、6、8和12℃)对鲜切菠萝的品质及理化特性的影响.结果表明:0～4℃贮藏能够显著抑制鲜切菠萝的硬度下降现象以及含糖量(TSS)、含酸量(TA)和VC含量的降解损失,维持鲜切果实较低的多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,延缓果实细胞膜透性的上升和丙二醛(MDA)含量的积累,使鲜切果实的感官和综合品质好,贮藏寿命长于6、8和12℃的果实.在0、4、6、8和12℃条件下,温度越高,鲜切菠萝的品质劣变越快.建议04℃为九成熟菠萝鲜切产品保鲜的适宜温度.     

不同温度和薄膜包装对鲜切胡萝卜货架期品质变化的影响

采用两种温度(低温和常温)和两种薄膜包装处理(LDPE和HDPE),对鲜切胡萝卜货架期的品质变化和膜脂过氧化代谢的规律进行了研究。结果表明,0℃低温显著地减缓了鲜切胡萝卜货架期的失水、褐变和腐烂等现象的出现,同时有利于保持过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性;而两种包装材料在常温下对鲜切胡萝卜失水率的影响差异显著,HDPE优于LDPE,对维持过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性影响差异不显著。鲜切胡萝卜的保鲜条件是低温、适宜的包装和避光。推荐鲜切胡萝卜的货架期——常温(HDPE包装):4～5d;常温(LDPE包装):2～3d;低温(HDPE和LDPE包装):20～25d。     

贮藏温度对鲜切杏鲍菇呼吸强度和贮藏品质的影响

以鲜切杏鲍菇为试材,在不同贮藏温度(0、5、10℃和室温)下,通过测定呼吸强度、失重率、PPO活性、相对电导率、颜色L*含量变化,并结合感官变化研究了不同温度对鲜切杏鲍菇保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:低温0℃延迟了鲜切杏鲍菇的多酚氧化酶活性高峰的产生,抑制了相对电导率和失重率的升高,可以有效降低菇片的变色、腐烂及褐变,保持杏鲍菇的新鲜品质,延长货架期。     

贮藏温度对鲜切杏鲍菇呼吸强度和贮藏品质的影响

以鲜切杏鲍菇为试材,在不同贮藏温度(0、5、10℃和室温)下,通过测定呼吸强度、失重率、PPO活性、相对电导率、颜色L*含量变化,并结合感官变化研究了不同温度对鲜切杏鲍菇保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:低温0℃延迟了鲜切杏鲍菇的多酚氧化酶活性高峰的产生,抑制了相对电导率和失重率的升高,可以有效降低菇片的变色、腐烂及褐变,保持杏鲍菇的新鲜品质,延长货架期。      

电解臭氧水对鲜切莲藕低温贮藏品质变化的影响

分析了电解臭氧水处理对鲜切莲藕冷藏过程中微生物菌落总数、失重率、总酸和可溶性固形物含量、硬度、色泽等品质指标的影响。结果表明,臭氧水处理能有效抑制莲藕菌落总数和失重率的增加,冷藏至第12天时分别为对照组的37.84%,52.54%;臭氧水处理对莲藕初始有机酸有一定破坏作用,但能明显减缓莲藕总酸含量的下降速率;贮藏过程中莲藕可溶固形物含量先增加后降低,硬度逐渐降低,臭氧水处理能有效减缓其下降速率。此外,臭氧水处理对莲藕初始色泽有一定改善作用,但无法有效抑制莲藕样品的褐变速率。     

不同温度和薄膜包装对鲜切胡萝卜货架期品质变化的影响

采用两种温度(低温和常温)和两种薄膜包装处理(LDPE和HDPE),对鲜切胡萝卜货架期的品质变化和膜脂过氧化代谢的规律进行了研究。结果表明,0℃低温显著地减缓了鲜切胡萝卜货架期的失水、褐变和腐烂等现象的出现,同时有利于保持过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性;而两种包装材料在常温下对鲜切胡萝卜失水率的影响差异显著,HDPE优于LDPE,对维持过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性影响差异不显著。鲜切胡萝卜的保鲜条件是低温、适宜的包装和避光。推荐鲜切胡萝卜的货架期——常温(HDPE包装):4～5d;常温(LDPE包装):2～3d;低温(HDPE和LDPE包装):20～25d。      

不同包装材料对鲜切马铃薯贮藏品质的影响

通过三种不同透性的包装材料对鲜切马铃薯进行包装处理,探讨了其对鲜切马铃薯丝贮藏品质的影响。清洗切分后的马铃薯丝于4℃冰箱中贮藏,对其色差(L*,△E*值)、褐变度(BD)、气体含量、呼吸速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及整体感观质量(OVQ)进行检测与评定。研究表明:透气性好的PE2包装较其他两种包装材料更有利于保持鲜切马铃薯的感官品质,延缓组织内MDA的积累;O2和CO2含量易于达到动态平衡,能够有效抑制褐变及呼吸速率的加剧,从而延缓了组织衰老的进程,改善其贮藏品质。     

不同贮藏方式对鲜切大白菜食用品质的影响

为探究不同贮藏方式对于鲜切大白菜食用品质的影响,研究采用不同包装及贮藏温度对鲜切大白菜进行处理,通过测定其感官品质、抗坏血酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性固形物及亚硝酸盐含量的变化,探究不同贮藏方式对鲜切大白菜食用品质的影响。结果表明：两种冷藏（4±1℃）条件下（即冷藏与冷藏PE）鲜切白菜的感官品质均显著优于两种室温（18±2℃）条件（即室温与室温PE）（P≤0．05）,且两种冷藏条件下可明显延缓抗坏血酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性固形物含量的下降,抑制亚硝酸盐含量的升高。其中,以冷藏PE贮藏方式对保持鲜切白菜的食用品质效果最佳。     

乙醛熏蒸处理对鲜切荸荠品质变化的影响

采摘后的荸荠用体积分数分别为0(对照)、0.1%、0.5%、1.0% 的乙醛熏蒸处理4h,然后将处理后的荸荠置于阴凉通风处放置2d,去皮、切分,包装后置于室温(12℃)保藏,测定乙醛熏蒸处理对鲜切荸荠贮藏期品质的影响。结果表明：0.1%、0.5%、1.0% 的乙醛熏蒸处理能有效延缓鲜切荸荠贮藏期间色泽的转变和褐变的发生,其中0.1% 和0.5% 乙醛控制果实褐变的效果最好;不同体积分数乙醛熏蒸处理均能减少鲜切荸荠贮藏期组织水分的散失;0.1% 乙醛熏蒸处理对提高鲜切荸荠可溶性固形物含量、降低其酸度具有比较明显的效果。然而,乙醛熏蒸处理可以加速荸荠切片中还原性抗坏血酸的降解。     

Effect of Calcium Treatment Temperature on Fresh-cut Cantaloupe Melon during Storage

ABSTRACT: The effect of calcium treatment temperature on cut cantaloupe fruit during storage was determined. Fruit dipped in calcium solution at 4°C had lower respiration and moisture loss rates than treated fruit at ambient temperature. Calcium treatment lowered lipase activity at both temperatures, but the effect was more notable in fruit treated at the lower temperature where lipase activity was undetectable in the freshly processed fruit and after storage for 24 h. The ability of calcium to confer rigidity to the tissue components at low temperatures, possibly through improved covalent crosslinking, was indicated by viscosity measurements indicating higher values for pulverized cantaloupe melon with added calcium at 4°C than fruit blended under similar conditions at ambient temperature.     

Quality of Shredded Carrots as Affected by Packaging Film and Storage Temperature

ABSTRACT: Different packaging films and storage temperatures were used to establish a range of equilibrium modified atmospheres for storage of shredded carrots. Quality and storage-life of the packaged shredded carrots were determined using sensory evaluation, microbial counts, and a range of physical tests. Minimal processing steps such as peeling and shredding caused physical damage, physiological stress, and enhanced microbial growth, leading to a reduced shelf life when compared to the whole vegetable. A P-plus microporous film (CO₂ permeability of 29 X 10³mL.m ^-2.d ^-1.atm ^-1) was the most suitable for the storage of shredded carrots. Findings indicated that deterioration in these products was triggered by the depletion of oxygen more than by the rise in carbon dioxide.     

两种保鲜袋对鲜切南瓜低温贮藏下保鲜效果的影响

以新鲜的、无病虫害、成熟度、大小基本一致的"蜜本"南瓜为试验材料,去皮、瓤后,用锋利菜刀纵切成块(1.5 cm厚)。分别用气调保鲜袋和PE保鲜袋包装,以无包装的作为对照,贮藏于4℃冷库,贮藏期间,定期抽样检测其失重率、硬度、乙烯释放量、MDA、Vc含量、可溶性蛋白质、多糖含量等指标,探讨气调保鲜袋和PE保鲜袋对低温贮藏环境(4℃)下鲜切南瓜的保鲜效果。结果表明:在4℃贮藏条件下,贮藏至第12 d,气调保鲜袋和PE保鲜袋均能有效地(P0.05)抑制鲜切南瓜乙烯释放量的增加和MDA的积累,延缓了CAT和POD酶活性的下降;鲜切南瓜中的Vc、可溶性蛋白质、多糖和类胡萝卜素的含量分别为对照组的3.1倍、2.1倍,2.5倍、1.7倍,2.6倍、1.7倍,2.1倍、1.4倍,延缓了硬度的下降和失重率的增加;而气调保鲜袋比PE保鲜袋能更好地保持鲜切南瓜的贮藏品质和营养。     

壳聚糖涂膜对鲜切苹果贮藏品质的影响

为研究壳聚糖涂膜对鲜切苹果贮藏品质的影响,将鲜切寒富苹果分别用质量分数0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的壳聚糖浸泡3 min后沥干,用0.11 mm厚度的PE保鲜膜包装后置于4 ℃冷库中贮藏,每2 d测定与成熟衰老相关的生理生化指标。结果表明,适当质量分数的壳聚糖涂膜可保持苹果切块的感官品质、延缓营养物质下降、抑制微生物的繁殖,对鲜切苹果有较好的护色效果;壳聚糖涂膜也能较好地抑制多酚氧化酶活性,提高过氧化物酶活性。在研究的3 种质量分数中,1.0%壳聚糖处理对鲜切苹果的保鲜效果最好,能在4 ℃冷库12 d贮藏期中维持鲜切苹果的较好品质。     

Calcium Treatments Affect Storage Quality of Shredded Carrots

Carrot shreds, sticks and slices were dipped in solutions of CaCl₂ alone, or with chlorine and stored at 0, 5 or 10°C to determine the effects of calcium (Ca) on storage quality. A 0.5% or 1% CaCl₂ treatment maintained firmness and reduced microbial growth of carrot shreds at all temperatures. These treatments also resulted in lower tissue pH than in the water-dipped controls. Treatments increased Ca content slightly in sticks and slices and substantially in shreds and had no effect on storage quality of sticks or slices.     

不同质量浓度臭氧化水对鲜切西兰花贮藏品质的影响

采用不同质量浓度臭氧化水处理鲜切西兰花。结果表明:质量浓度2.0mg/L的臭氧化水处理组保鲜效果最优,在贮藏12d时与对照组相比,质量损失率降低24.37%,VC含量提高40.7%,多酚氧化酶酶活降低23.5%,过氧化物酶酶活降低25.6%;在4℃的条件下,质量浓度2.0mg/L的臭氧化水处理组鲜切西兰花贮藏期可达到15d。     

Maintaining Quality of Fresh-cut Tomato Slices through Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Low Temperature Storage

ABSTRACT: Quality of fresh-cut tomato slices was compared during cold storage under various modified atmosphere packaging conditions. Chilling injury of slices in containers sealed with Film A was higher than with Film B; these films had oxygen transmission rates of 87.4 and 60.0 ml · h^-1· m^-2· atm^-1 at 5 °C and 99% RH, respectively. While slices in containers with an initial atmospheric composition of air, 4% CO₂+ 1 or 20% O₂, 8% CO₂+ 1 or 20% O₂, or 12% CO₂+ 20% O₂ showed fungal growth, slices in containers with 12% CO₂+ 1% O₂ did not. Low ethylene in containers enhanced chilling injury. Modified atmosphere packaging provided good quality tomato slices with a shelf life of 2 w or more at 5 °C.     

Cutting Shape and Storage Temperature Affect Overall Quality of Fresh-cut Papaya cv. 'Maradol'

: The effect of cutting shape (cubes or slices) and storage temperature (5 °C, 10 °C, and 20 °C) on overall quality of fresh‐cut papaya were investigated. CO₂ production, color, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), weight loss, overall quality, ascorbic acid, β‐carotene, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated as a function of shelf life. CO₂ production was high on day 0 for cubes and slices with an average of 150 and 100 mL/ kg/h, respectively. Storage temperature did not affect color changes; however, lower temperatures prevented loss of firmness. Fresh‐cut papaya stored at 20 °C showed the lowest TSS value and the highest weight losses. Shelf life based on visual quality ended before significant losses of total ascorbic acid, b‐carotene, and antioxidant capacity occurred. In general, quality parameters were not affected by shape. However, slices stored at 10 °C and 5 °C had a shelf life of 1 d and 2 d longer than cubes, respectively.