成核剂对尼龙66结晶及力学性能的影响研究

研究了不同成核剂对尼龙66结晶及力学性能的影响。结果表明,成核剂的加入使尼龙66结晶速率加快,结晶温度提高,重熔融过程出现双峰,其低温峰值比尼龙66峰值低8℃,可能是生成β晶所致,成核剂使尼龙66的结晶变细。不同成核剂对尼龙66的力学性能有不同的影响,其中成核剂G23、G205、MgO使尼龙66的强度提高;CaF2使其韧性增加;滑石粉的效果介于其间。     

滑石粉的成核作用对尼龙66的力学性能及非等温结晶行为的影响

研究了滑石粉,尼龙66样品的力学性能及非等温结晶行,探讨了滑石粉的比表面积和表面改性对尼龙66力学性能和非等温结晶过程的影响。结果表明：滑石粉的加入改善了尼龙66的拉伸性能和弯曲性能,冲击性能下降,表面处理后的滑石粉更有助于尼龙66性能的改善；滑石粉的比表面积对拉伸性能和冲击性能影响不大,对弯曲性能有较大影响；滑石粉的异相成核作用可提高尼龙66的结晶温度,滑石粉比表面积的增加和表面处理更有利于尼龙66结晶温度的提高。     

成核剂对尼龙66熔融与结晶的影响

通过差示扫描量热分析法研究了14种成核剂对尼龙66熔融与结晶的影响。结果表明：大部分成核剂的加入对尼龙66熔点影响不大，而熔程△Tm、结晶度和熔融熵降低；结晶峰值温度Tc升高，过冷度△Tc和半高宽D降低；低温峰所占的面积比例增加。其中滑石粉、石墨、氧化镁、聚醚砜和蒙脱土成核效果较好。     

成核剂对尼龙66结晶行为和力学性能的影响

分别以四角状氧化锌晶须、蒙脱土和硫酸镁晶须为成核剂,制备了尼龙66的薄膜样品,通过偏光显微镜观察、拉伸性能测试等方法研究了不同成核剂种类和用量对尼龙66结晶行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明,成核剂的添加使尼龙66球晶尺寸变小和结晶度增加,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率增加,其中四角状氧化锌晶须成核剂效果最好。     

聚甲醛结晶成核剂研究进展

对国内外聚甲醛(POM)结晶成核剂进行了分类。概述了碳酸钙、滑石粉、硅藻土等无机成核剂,碳纳米管、聚酰胺、均聚甲醛等有机成核剂,氧化镁、超细Fe粉等金属类成核剂及滑石粉/弹性体等复合成核剂对POM结晶性能和力学性能等的影响。对POM成核剂的开发提出了建议。     

尼龙成核剂的研究与进展

尼龙材料在工程塑料、纤维材料中占有重要的地位,且随着近年来合成长链尼龙单体生产的实现,其应用更受关注。尼龙材料的性能与材料的聚集态结构中结晶结构密切相关。成核剂是一种用于改变结晶型聚合物的结晶度和结晶形态,加快结晶速率并改善聚合物性能的加工助剂。常用的尼龙成核剂可以分为无机成核剂、有机成核剂、复合成核剂三类。该文以聚合物结晶理论和成核剂作用机理为基础,介绍不同种类成核剂的加入对尼龙的晶型、结晶速率、结晶度、拉伸强度、弯曲性能、冲击强度以及透明度等结构与性能上的影响。     

β-成核剂对抗冲共聚聚丙烯及其复合材料结晶性能的影响

采用差示扫描量热仪、广角X射线衍射仪研究了β-成核剂与滑石粉对高抗冲共聚聚丙烯SP179结晶行为的影响。结果表明:β-成核剂及滑石粉的加入均使结晶温度向高温方向偏移,成核剂与滑石粉共同改性的SP179的结晶温度高于用成核剂或滑石粉单独改性的SP179;β-成核剂改性的SP179的结晶度未发生明显变化,但改性后的SP179中有部分α晶型向β晶型发生了转变,且β晶型质量分数可达75%;滑石粉在SP179的结晶过程中起到了异相成核的作用,使SP179的结晶和熔融温度均得到了提高。     

α-成核剂对高抗冲聚丙烯及其复合材料结晶行为的影响

研究了α-成核剂对高抗冲聚丙烯及高抗冲聚丙烯/滑石粉复合材料结晶行为的影响,并采用差示扫描量热仪和广角X射线衍射仪对其进行了表征。结果表明:α-成核剂以及滑石粉的加入均使高抗冲聚丙烯的结晶温度向高温方向偏移,成核剂和滑石粉共同改性的高抗冲聚丙烯的结晶温度要高于用单一滑石粉单独改性的高抗冲聚丙烯样品;α-成核剂改性后高抗冲聚丙烯的结晶度未发生明显变化,但其产生少量γ型晶体;滑石粉的加入使高抗冲聚丙烯的结晶过程有择优生长的趋势,由于滑石粉的加入起到了异相成核作用,使其结晶温度和熔融温度均得到了提高。     

多种成核剂对PBS结晶及力学性能的影响

本文研究了滑石粉、TMB-5、碳酸钙、硫酸钙晶须、高岭土等五种成核剂对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)结晶行为及力学性能的影响。偏光显微镜的观察结果显示了成核剂能细化PBS的球晶尺寸,提高球晶排列的规整度;热分析结果表明添加成核剂能提高PBS的结晶温度,加快PBS的结晶速率;结晶性能的改善又直接造成PBS力学性能的提高,其拉伸强度和冲击强度都有明显上升。五种成核剂中以滑石粉的效果最为突出,能使PBS的结晶温度上升11℃,拉伸强度提高了4.4MPa。     

尼龙66盐水溶液的溶解度与结晶成核诱导期的研究

采用折射率法测定了尼龙66盐在水中的溶解度,用激光自动检测晶体粒子出现的方法测定了尼龙66盐水溶液的结晶成核诱导期.对溶液结晶成核诱导期作了简单的分析与讨论,导出了结晶成核诱导期与相对过饱和度之间的关联式.根据公式,由实验数据还获得了尼龙66盐水溶液结晶成核级数值.     

滑石粉对PB-1熔融、结晶行为的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机熔融制备了聚丁烯–1(PB-1)/滑石粉复合材料,研究了滑石粉含量对PB-1熔融及结晶行为的影响。结果表明,滑石粉显著促进了PB-1的结晶过程,其成核能力在滑石粉质量分数为1%时最佳。非等温结晶动力学研究表明,在滑石粉的实验用量范围内(1%～10%),要达到相同的结晶度,PB-1/滑石粉复合材料的完成温度明显高于纯PB-1的完成温度。当滑石粉质量分数为1%～5%时,要达到相同的结晶度,PB-1/滑石粉所需的时间明显比纯PB-1短;当用量为7%时稍短;当用量为10%时又稍长。但滑石粉不影响PB-1的依热成核方式和三维生长机制。偏光显微镜结果表明滑石粉对PB-1的异相成核作用显著。广角X射线衍射研究表明滑石粉阻碍了PB-1由晶型Ⅱ向晶型Ⅰ的转变过程,使晶型转变变缓。     

PA66/可反应性纳米SiO_2复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

通过双螺杆挤出机制备出聚酰胺(PA)66/可反应性纳米SiO2(RNS)复合材料,采用Jeziorny法和Mo法对其非等温结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明,RNS具有较强的异相成核能力,能提高PA66的结晶速率,并使PA66的晶体结构和生长机制发生改变;通过对比PA66及其复合材料的结晶活化能发现RNS能够降低PA66的结晶活化能。     

Effect of nucleating agents on the crystallization behavior and heat resistance of poly(l‐lactide)

Poly (l ‐lactide) (PLLA) blends with various nucleators were prepared by melt processing. The effect of different nucleators on the crystallization behavior and heat resistance as well as thermomechanical properties of PLLA was studied systematically by differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, heat deflection temperature tester, and dynamic mechanical analysis. It was found that poly(d ‐lactide), talcum powder (Talc), a multiamide compound (TMC‐328, abbreviated as TMC) can significantly improve the crystallization rate and crystallinity of PLLA, thus improving thermal–resistant property. The heat deflection temperature of nucleated PLLA can be as high as 150°C. The storage modulus of nucleated PLLA is higher than that of PLLA at the temperature above T_g of PLLA. Compared with other nucleating agents, TMC was much more efficient at enhancing the crystallization of PLLA and the PLLA containing TMC showed the best heat resistance. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42999.     

Studies on crystallization behaviors and crystal morphology of polyamide 66/clay nanocomposites

X‐ray diffraction methods, DSC thermal analysis, and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were used to investigate the structural changes of nylon 66/clay nanocomposites. PA 66/clay nanocomposites were prepared by the method of melt intercalation. The results indicate that the addition of the intercalated organo‐montmorillonite (OMMT) can induce generation of the β‐form crystal of PA 66 and substantially affect the arrangement of molecules in the α‐form crystal, although the crystallinity scarcely changes. Also, the DSC results indicate that the addition of OMMT in the PA 66 matrix leads to increases of crystallization temperatures and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the exothermic peaks. Moreover, the viscosity factor is the main influence on FWHM of the exothermic peaks of PA 66/clay nanocomposites. The results of nonisothermal crystallization kinetics show that OMMT has the effect of heterogeneous nucleation and leads to the decrease of the size of the spherocrystal. The heterogeneous nucleation effects of OMMTs influence the mechanism of crystallization and the growth mode of PA 66 crystals. PLM photographs verify that the size of spherocrystal is decreased and visually confirm the theory of crystallization kinetics. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 756–763, 2005     

Melting behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 6/polyamide 66 molecular composites via in situ polymerization

The melting behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of pure polyamide 6 (PA 6) and its molecular composites with polyamide 66 (PA 66) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The PA 6/PA 66 composites had one melting peak, whereas the coextruded PA 6/PA 66 blends had two melting peaks. With the addition of PA 66 to PA 6 via in situ anionic polymerization, the melting temperature, crystallization temperature, and crystallinity of PA 6 in the composites decreased. The half‐time of nonisothermal crystallization increased for a PA 6/PA 66 molecular composite containing 12 wt % PA 66, in comparison with that of pure PA 6. The commonly used Ozawa equation was used to fit the nonisothermal crystallization of pure PA 6 and its composites. The Ozawa exponent values in the primary stage were equal to 1.28–3.03 and 1.28–2.97 for PA 6 and its composite with 12 wt % PA 66, respectively, and this revealed that the mechanism of primary crystallization of PA 6 and PA 6/PA 66 was mainly heterogeneous nucleation and growth. All the results indicated that the incorporation of PA 66 into PA 6 at the molecular level retarded the crystallization of PA 6. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2172–2177, 2005     

冷桥用PA66挤出异型条专用料研究

介绍采用双螺杆挤出机生产冷桥用PA66挤出异型条专用料的配方及工艺。该专用料以PA66为主体原料，经玻纤，改性剂，滑石粉共混改性制成。分析了几种改性材料对冷桥用PA66挤出异型条专用料性能的影响，并探讨了PA66自身性能对专用料性能的影响。该专用料经有关厂家使用，其性能达到使用要求。     

结晶特性对微发泡聚丙烯材料发泡行为的影响

以化学发泡注塑成型技术为主线,在二次开模条件下制备微发泡PP材料;通过DSC、XRD技术分析了结晶特性对微发泡聚丙烯材料发泡行为的影响。结果表明:结晶特性对气泡的成核、长大和定型过程具有明显的影响;添加滑石粉的改性PP材料结晶特性较差,发泡质量明显降低,泡孔直径和泡孔密度分别为36.98μm、3.29×107个/cm3;添加云母粉的改性PP材料具有合适的结晶温度和结晶度,发泡质量较理想,泡孔直径和泡孔密度分别为22.09μm、4.76×108个/cm3;能够获得泡孔细小、均匀的微发泡PP材料。     

碳纤维增强聚酰胺6复合材料的结晶行为研究

通过偏光显微镜和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了碳纤维(CF)和滑石粉对聚酰胺6(PA6)结晶行为的影响。结果表明,CF的加入在PA6和CF的界面诱发横晶,CF和滑石粉在PA6基体中起到了异相成核作用,改变PA6的成核机理和晶体生长方式,提高了起始结晶温度和结晶速率。结晶速率随普等温结晶温度的升高而下降。当冷却速率增大时,起始结晶温度下降,结晶度增大。     

Influence of the nigrosine dye on the thermal behavior of polyamide 66

To reveal the effect of the nigrosine dye, that the addition of the dye lowers the crystallization point (T_c) of molten polyamide resins with substantially no shift in the melting point (T_m), thus suppressing the crystallization enhancement of the crystalline nucleation agents, the characteristics of polyamide 66 (PA‐66) containing nigrosine dye EX (N‐EX) were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the addition of N‐EX reduced the crystallization rate and T_c of molten PA‐66 with substantially no shift in T_m, and the crystallization enthalpy per unit of weight of PA‐66 was substantially constant. T_c of molten PA‐66 was lowered with an increase in the amount of N‐EX and reached its maximum at 13 wt % N‐EX. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the glass‐transition temperature and the secondary glass‐transition temperature increased with an increasing amount of the dye. On the other hand, the DSC and X‐ray diffraction results indicated that no dye molecule was present in the crystal structure of PA‐66. This effect of the nigrosine dye on PA‐66 is in contrast to those of crystalline nucleation agents, plasticizers, and antiplasticizers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3270–3274, 2006