200O年国内外公司厂商有关氯碱电解技术在中国申请专利的进展与特点

2000年中国专利与氯碱电解技术有关的内容有24件,包括单极离子膜电解槽;复极离子膜电解槽;阳极修复涂层;阴极;生产高纯KOH用阳离子膜;汞合金电解单元和膜电解单元并联技术;气体扩散电极氯化钠电解槽;隔膜电解槽;有机电解合成等.     

2000年国内外公司厂商有关氯碱电解技术在中国申请专利的进展与特点

20 0 0年中国专利与氯碱电解技术有关的内容有 2 4件 ,包括单极离子膜电解槽 ;复极离子膜电解槽 ;阳极修复涂层 ;阴极 ;生产高纯KOH用阳离子膜 ;汞合金电解单元和膜电解单元并联技术 ;气体扩散电极氯化钠电解槽 ;隔膜电解槽 ;有机电解合成等。     

活性阴极技术应用

叙述了氯碱工业离子膜电解槽活性阴极技术应用机理及中国应用现状、存在问题及对策。     

氯碱生产环境下金属阳极 电解槽的腐蚀探讨与防护方法研究

金属阳极电解槽的腐蚀严重影响了氯碱生产整个装置的安危以及产品的收率与质量。实验模拟氯碱生产中电解槽所处的恶劣介质环境,运用腐蚀失重法,揭示了电解槽的腐蚀行为与影响因素。实验结果表明：在氯碱生产环境下,当电解槽温度为85~90 ℃、阴极液中氢氧化钠质量分数为8%~12%、阳极液pH＜4时,电解槽的腐蚀速率最低。在此基础上,制定出了可行的电解槽腐蚀防护措施。     

氧阴极低槽电压离子膜法电解制碱技术通过验收

日前,国家科技支撑计划"氧阴极低槽电压离子膜法电解制烧碱技术"项目在北京顺利通过验收。项目针对当前氯碱行业的技术发展需求,研制开发了大尺寸氧阴极电极产品、金属纳米粒子/C复合材料新型氧阴极催化剂材料,突破了氧阴极离子膜电极材料制备、组装、电解槽制造、工业装置运行控制等4项关键技术瓶颈,建成了电极材料生产、     

离子膜电解槽的极网修复方式及再运行性能探讨

西安西化氯碱化工有限责任公司的离子膜电解槽的极网共有6种方式:①阳极新网阴极新网、②阳极新网阴极未动、③阳极重涂阴极未动、④阳极重涂阴极重涂、⑤阳极新网阴极膜极距、⑥阳极重涂阴极膜极距。通过对比,找出电解槽不同修复方式的优缺点。     

金属阳极隔膜电解槽技术改造体会

随着氯碱工业的迅速发展,淘汰石墨阳极电解槽,改为析氧电位较低,运行电流弹性较大的金属阳性隔膜电解槽显得非常必要,经生产运行表明,每年可产生经济效益141．6万元。     

离子膜氯碱电解槽电压的影响因素

引言离子交换膜（ＩＥＭ）氯碱电解槽的槽电压是考核氯碱装置运行性能的一个重要指标,槽电压的高低直接影响到氯碱产品的成本及其市场竞争力。电解槽硬件、电解液和膜是影响槽电压的主要可控制因素,就这些因素对槽电压的影响程度进行概要分析。１电槽硬件的影响１１阳...     

氧阴极应用于石棉隔膜电槽探索试验

一、前言在世界能源短缺电力供应不足的情况下,如果将耗电大的氯碱电解槽进行改革,采用新型气体扩散电极做阴极,能大幅度地降低槽电压,节省电能。这是当前氯碱行业非常关注的新技术课题。从理论上,用气体扩散电极(简称氧阴极)做氯碱电槽的阴极,其槽电压可降低1.23伏。但是,由于氧阴极自身有较高的过     

含钼多孔活性阴极的电化学行为研究

本文测定了含钼多孔活性阴极在不同温度下的极化曲线，与光滑铁阴极进行了比较，并模拟工业生产中的使用条件，测试其电性能，结果表明，该电极具有良好的电性能，且不受电解液中Ｆｅ＾２＋杂质的影响，对反电流和热处理亦有一定承受力，在氯碱工业和水电解工业中，特别是离子膜电解槽中有应用价值。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。