共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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以黑龙江产区6?个大豆品种为原料,测定了大豆籽粒的百粒质量和粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷水平等理化指标以及加工制成豆浆的得率、理化品质,并基于模糊感官评价方法分析了不同品种大豆的豆浆感官品质,进一步分析了大豆籽粒与豆浆理化指标和感官品质之间的相关性。结果表明:6?个大豆品种中‘中龙606’制得的豆浆综合感官品质最佳,且具有甜度高、豆香味浓郁、色泽良好、豆腥味和涩感相对较弱的特点;在现有的品种中蛋白质量分数低于40%,且脂肪质量分数较高的品种更有利于加工高品质豆浆。 相似文献
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M. Hayta 《Journal of food science》2002,67(6):2241-2244
ABSTRACT: Solar-drying and microwave-drying methods significantly affected the bulk density of bulgur samples in our study. The pilaf bulgur yield was highest for solar-dried bulgur, followed by microwave-, tray-, and sun-dried bulgur samples, respectively. The drying method affected protein extractability, bulgur yield, and water and oil absorption values of bulgur. The lightness (L) value was found significantly higher for solar-, sun-, and microwave-dried pilav bulgur samples compared with tray-dried bulgur. The redness (a) and yellowness (b) values of bulgur were also affected by drying methods. The drying method had no significant effect on flavor, mouthfeel, and appearance of bulgur samples. 相似文献
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为了给美藤果的开发利用提供参考数据,采集了中国云南省普洱、西双版纳、红河,老挝4个产地的美藤果籽,对其感官特性、理化特性及营养特性进行分析比较。结果表明:美藤果籽为类椭圆形,色泽呈浅褐色至深褐色,具有美藤果特有的植物香气;4个产地的美藤果籽单粒厚度为6.8~11.28 mm,粒径为15.81~24.83 mm,单粒质量为0.82~1.53 g,壳仁比为0.52∶ 1~0.78∶ 1,水分含量为7.21%~7.90%;美藤果籽粗脂肪含量为44.98%~50.25%,粗蛋白质含量为27.65%~3028%,总糖含量为3.05%~3.21%,灰分含量为2.28%~2.63%;美藤果籽中维生素E含量为122~190 mg/100 g,钙含量为60.2~63.8 mg/100 g,磷含量为517~535 mg/100 g,钾含量为108~112 mg/100 g,必需氨基酸总量为10.07~10.68 g/100 g,氨基酸总量为31.55~32.82 g/100 g;4个产地的美藤果籽油中棕榈酸含量为3.82%~4.62%,硬脂酸含量为1.87%~3.87%,油酸含量为711%~11.09%,亚油酸含量为37.30%~38.58%,亚麻酸含量为40.78%~48.40%。总体来说,不同产地的美藤果籽感官特性、理化特性及营养特性差异较大,相比较而言,中国普洱产地的美藤果籽在物性指标方面表现更为突出,可作为美藤果油和美藤果蛋白原料的选择。 相似文献
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The effects of different fuel sources used in grilling on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of mackerel were investigated. Oak and sawdust charcoals were used as fuel sources. The content of saturated fatty acids was increased during grilling. Histidine was the most predominant amino acid; grilling significantly increased glutamic acid. Mackerel shows a high inosine 5'-monophosphate content that is increased during grilling. Oak charcoal and sawdust charcoal contained high levels of potassium and sodium, respectively. Potassium content was increased at the surface muscle of oak charcoal grilled mackerel (OM). The flavor preference for OM was significantly (p < 0.05%) higher than for sawdust charcoal grilled mackerel. These results indicate that physicochemical and sensory properties of grilled foods can be affected by the fuel source. 相似文献
The effects of different fuel sources used in grilling on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of mackerel were investigated. Oak and sawdust charcoals were used as fuel sources. The content of saturated fatty acids was increased during grilling. Histidine was the most predominant amino acid; grilling significantly increased glutamic acid. Mackerel shows a high inosine 5'-monophosphate content that is increased during grilling. Oak charcoal and sawdust charcoal contained high levels of potassium and sodium, respectively. Potassium content was increased at the surface muscle of oak charcoal grilled mackerel (OM). The flavor preference for OM was significantly (p < 0.05%) higher than for sawdust charcoal grilled mackerel. These results indicate that physicochemical and sensory properties of grilled foods can be affected by the fuel source. 相似文献
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Ming Li Sushil Dhital Yimin Wei 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2017,16(5):1042-1055
Although the processing and eating qualities of noodles are largely related to the quality and quantity of wheat protein (gluten), the importance of starch, a major ingredient of wheat flour, is often overlooked. Recent developments on the multilevel structural model of starch have brought new insights into the role of starch for better processing and noodle eating qualities. With critical analysis and discussion, this review outlines the comprehensive relationships between the multilevel (molecular, crystalline, and granular) starch structure, noodle eating qualities, and related physicochemical properties. Further, the major and minor structural features of wheat starch and their contributions toward noodle quality are summarized and presented as a schematic diagram, which shows the effects of starch structure on cooked noodles. These features provide new insights for the scientific community, as well as industry, into the role of starch, along with gluten, on the quality of noodles. 相似文献
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为了探讨黄原胶、果胶和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)对牦牛酸奶在后熟过程中品质及风味的变化,实验测定了添加不同稳定剂酸奶的感官、酸度、持水性、质构,并分析了不同后熟时间酸奶的挥发性风味成分。结果表明,不同稳定剂对牦牛酸奶的感官、理化性质及质构的影响不同。添加黄原胶、果胶及CMC-Na对牦牛酸奶的感官、酸度及持水性有显著影响(p<0.05),均在一定程度上提高了酸奶的硬度,但稳定剂添加量过大时会降低酸奶的粘聚性。通过正交实验确定稳定剂最佳复配组合为:果胶0.04%、黄原胶0.02%、CMC-Na 0.03%,此时牦牛酸奶的持水力为71.52%,感官评分为42。对牦牛酸奶中的挥发性风味物质检测发现,醇类是牦牛酸奶中含量最高的物质,其次为酮类、其他类(主要为芳香类),再次为醛类。随冷藏后熟时间的延长,空白组中检出的挥发性风味物质数量变化不大;在冷藏后熟2 d时,果胶组风味的稳定效果最好,其次为CMC-Na,复合稳定剂组效果最差;至冷藏后熟7 d时,与第2 d相比,复合稳定剂组风味的稳定效果最好。 相似文献
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江苏省苹果以丰县为集中产地,富士为主栽品种,隶属于黄河故道产区,为明确其鲜食特性的地域特点,对丰县富士糖酸含量、色泽和质构等理化指标和硬性、易碎性、多汁性、酸甜度等感官属性进行了测定,并与陕西富士进行了比较。结果显示丰县苹果蔗糖和苹果酸含量偏低,分别为陕西苹果的75.88%和58.90%。江苏苹果果皮L*为64.37,a*值为11.19,b*值为32.12,a*值低而L*、b*值高于陕西苹果,说明果皮红色弱而偏黄色;果肉L*值为81.19,b*值为29.00,L*值低而b*值高于陕西苹果,说明果肉色泽偏黄。质构仪测得江苏苹果的脆度显著高于陕西苹果。感官评价结果显示江苏苹果具有硬性低、易碎、易嚼、酸度低的特点,而多汁性和甜度差异不显著。在偏爱性比较中,73.7%的评价人员偏爱陕西苹果的色泽,而对滋味和质地的偏爱程度差异不显著。研究结果将为江苏富士品质评价提供借鉴。 相似文献
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焦糖色在食用色素领域占有重要地位,因为普通法焦糖色具有高安全性,正日渐成为当下研究的热点。本文以普通法焦糖色为对象,探究了保温时间、样品浓度、热处理等因素对其理化性质的影响,试验结果显示:保温时间越长,p H越低且下降幅度越小,并最终趋于平衡;色率随保温时间的延长呈先增后减的趋势,120 min后基本稳定;红色指数、黄色指数随保温时间的延长呈先减后增的趋势,120 min后保持稳定;色率、红色指数、黄色指数的热处理前后变化基本遵循随保温时间延长变化值增加的趋势,保温超过90 min,变化值接近;样品制备终止后,保温促进物质的后续反应,促使物质稳定,利于各指标的稳定;样品浓度影响焦糖色的稳定性,高浓度焦糖色抑制物质的传递,因此稳定性更高。 相似文献
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不同养殖模式罗非鱼品质的比较 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
比较分析鱼菜共生养殖、纯投料养殖2 种养殖模式奥尼罗非鱼的肌肉营养成分、感官特性、理化特性、氨 基酸组成及含量。结果显示:2 种养殖模式下罗非鱼的水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分和总糖含量之间无显著差异,而粗蛋 白的含量差异显著;感官评定中,2 种养殖模式下的罗非鱼的鲜味存在显著差异,而口感、嫩度及可接受值差异均 不显著;理化指标中,2 种养殖模式的罗非鱼最终pH值、熟肉率和蒸煮损失均无显著差异,持水性、滴水损失、肌 内脂肪、肌原纤维断裂指数、肌红蛋白含量有显著差异;肌肉中检测到18 种常见氨基酸,天冬氨酸、脯氨酸、精氨 酸的含量差异显著(P<0.05),其他氨基酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05);2 种养殖模式的罗非鱼必需氨基酸总量分 别为22.49%(鱼菜共生模式)和22.45%(纯投料模式),无显著差异;鱼菜共生模式养殖的罗非鱼中鲜味氨基酸总 量显著高于纯投料模式;甜味氨基酸总量分别为45.13%(鱼菜共生模式)和51.18%(纯投料模式),无显著差异。 相似文献
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研究大豆浸泡时间(6、8、10、12、14、16 h)对豆浆理化特性和感官品质的影响,为大豆浸泡时间的选择提供理论支撑。实验以大豆水分含量及分布、可溶性蛋白质含量、固形物含量、粒径、黏度、稳定性及感官评分作为考察指标,分析浸泡时间对豆浆品质的影响并确定大豆适宜的浸泡时长;采用Pearson相关系数对浸泡时间、大豆水分组成与豆浆品质的关系进行分析。低场核磁共振结果表明,T21、T22、T23信号值随着浸泡时间延长而升高,大豆吸附水的占比增加,大豆浸泡12 h后水分达到饱和状态。豆浆的品质研究结果表明,随着浸泡时间的延长,豆浆的蛋白质转移率、体积平均粒径、黏度均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,总固形物含量显著降低(P <0.05),豆浆稳定性先降低后升高;豆浆的感官评分值随着大豆浸泡时间的增加先增加后降低,8 h豆浆的感官综合评价值最高为1.0466,其次是10 h的豆浆。基于以上结果,优选大豆浸泡时间为8 h,虽然该时间的豆浆黏度低,口感浓度评分低,亮度值低;但是其可溶性蛋白质含量最高,为0.905 g/100 g,蛋白转移率可达到16.61%;总固形物含量仅次于6 h的豆浆,含量为3.185 g/100 g;而且色差b 值最低,感官综合评价值最高。相关性分析结果表明:浸泡时间与大豆结合水占比、自由水占比呈显著负相关,与吸附水占比呈显著正相关(r =−0.9638、−0.8241、0.9391);豆浆的品质指标受到浸泡时间影响,其中浸泡时间与豆浆可溶性蛋白质、总固形物含量、L 值呈显著负相关,与a 值呈显著正相关关系(r =−0.9122、−0.9726、−0.8238、0.9385)。 相似文献
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Abeer Alhendi Wade Yang Renee Goodrich‐Schneider Charles Sims Sara Marshall Paul J. Sarnoski 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2018,53(6):1434-1441
Conventional static pulsed light (PL) treatment completely inactivated lipoxygenase (LOX) in whole soya beans to prevent off‐flavours produced by LOX. However, the produced soymilk had inadequate values for total solid content. The fully soaked treatment (FST) and shaking treatment (SHT) were best in terms of increasing total solid content of soymilk from 3.7% for control soymilk to 4.6% and 4.3%, respectively; therefore, these treatments were chosen for soymilk sensory evaluation. No significant statistical differences in sensory evaluation scores existed between the control and soymilk produced from FST. The SHT for 130 s had higher overall liking (4.8) and flavour (4.6) scores compared with the control (4.1 and 3.9, respectively). Flavour analysis (purge and trap GC‐MS) of the soymilk revealed that the ethanol peak area was the biggest difference between the treatments. This study demonstrated soya beans treated with PL have no negative sensory effect in general. Producing lipoxygenase‐free soya bean is an important achievement to enhance soyfood products because lipoxygenase catalyses lipid oxidation, which takes place when lipoxygenase is released during soy milling. 相似文献
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Both wild (lowbush) blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) and soybeans (Glycine max L.) possess a variety of antioxidants, and both foods appear to have multiple health benefits. Our objectives were to identify whether wild blueberry juice concentrate was more acceptable than puree in frozen desserts with a soy milk‐tofu base; to determine whether fat‐free products were as acceptable as those with 10% added fat; and to compare several levels of blueberry juice concentrate. Four frozen dessert formulations were prepared in duplicate from soy milk, silken tofu, sucrose, stabilizer, BJC or puree, soybean oil or polydextrose, sweetened dried blueberries, salt, and lemon juice. Samples were assayed for total anthocyanins, antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, color, overrun, and solids. Fifty‐five persons evaluated the samples using a 9‐point hedonic scale for color, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability. Samples containing blueberry juice concentrate were darker and less blue. Anthocyanin levels were highest in the puree sample and the fat‐free product with 7.8% blueberry juice concentrate. However, antioxidant activity was highest (28 Trolox equivalents per gram) in the samples made with soybean oil and 7.4% blueberry juice concentrate. The puree formulation received higher hedonic scores than did the low‐fat blueberry juice concentrate formulations. The puree formulation received overall acceptability scores of like very much or like extremely by 45% of the consumers. These findings may aid processors in defining potential formulations that combine 2 healthful food ingredients. 相似文献
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为了解目前市售草莓脯的品质特点,本文对15个品牌草莓脯产品的色泽、质构及糖酸含量等理化指标分别采用色差计、质构仪和高效液相色谱进行了测定,并采用强度标度法对感官特性进行了评分。结果显示:草莓脯的水分含量为12.49%~23.86%,色度值L *值分布于23.25~34.39,a *值5.17~19.83,b *值5.78~17.04;质构参数中硬度、咀嚼性和粘力差异显著(P <0.05)。草莓脯中可溶性糖主要为果糖、葡萄糖,二者分别为总糖的30.17%~52.43%和28.49%~55.15%,蔗糖和麦芽糖含量略低,不同样品间差别较大,分别为总糖的0.00%~33.00%和0.00%~14.08%。有机酸以柠檬酸和苹果酸为主,分别为7.98~13.05 mg/g和4.48~8.17 mg/g。感官评分结果显示色泽、粘度与整体接受度变幅较大。对草莓脯及品质指标进行双向聚类发现样品聚为2类而品质指标聚为3组。类别I中的草莓脯因具有较高的a *、b *、弹性值与感官色泽、粘度、整体接受度评分而与类别II中的样品区分,说明草莓脯品质差异主要体现为色泽与粘度差异。另外,由指标聚类结果可知,柠檬酸、葡萄糖和果糖含量与咀嚼性相关;麦芽糖、蔗糖、水分含量与粘力相关。研究结果为草莓脯产品的质量评价与品质调控提供方向。 相似文献
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