拉应力对热循环下ZnO/Mg_2B_2O_5w/AZ31B复合材料塑性的影响

对35%(体积分数)的氧化锌涂覆硼酸镁晶须增强的AZ31镁基复合材料分别在14、21、28和35 MPa下进行了加载热循环实验。结果表明,材料在第一次热循环后产生较大残余应变,且在相同的热循环次数下,其累积残余应变随外加载荷及循环上限温度增大而增大。在21 MPa下材料经历16次热循环后其应变速率随循环次数增加先增大后减小,直至趋于稳定。在35 MPa、20~320℃及21 MPa、20~400℃条件下复合材料发生热棘齿现象。材料在热循环后具有较强的超塑性,变形机制主要为位错滑移和孪晶。     

Al2O3-SiO2（sf）/AZ91D复合材料的蠕变微观组织和变形机理

在温度为473-573 K、外加应力为30-100 MPa下,对硅酸铝短纤维增强AZ91D镁基(Al2O3-SiO2(sf)/AZ91D)复合材料及AZ91D镁合金进行拉伸蠕变实验。通过SEM和TEM检测方法对其蠕变微观组织变化和变形规律进行研究。结果表明,当两种材料的真应力指数n=3时,蠕变速率受位错的黏滞性滑移控制;复合材料的门槛应力增大、短纤维有效的承载和传载作用导致复合材料的蠕变抗力显著增大。短纤维表面上的MgO保护层增大了短纤维的承载和传载作用;短纤维的存在阻碍了复合材料的蠕变变形,降低了蠕变变形速率,控制着整个蠕变变形过程。     

加载热循环对Mg2B2O5w/AZ31B合材料强度的影响

对Mg2B2O5w/AZ31B复合材料不同循环条件下的试样进行了室温拉伸试验.结果表明,随循环最高温度的增加,该复合材料的抗拉强度先增大后减小,到达一定温度后又开始增大,最高循环温度对复合材料的影响要远大于循环区间温差△T;随循环次数增加,该复合材料的抗拉强度先增大后减小;AZ31B镁合金和Mg2B2O5w/AZ31B复合材料在80次加载热循环后抗拉强度都提高,但屈强比都下降,且复合材料的变化幅度较大.     

Mg2B2O5w/6061Al复合材料热压缩变形流变应力

利用Gleeble-1500热力模拟试验机,对低体积分数Mg2B2O5w/6061A1复合材料进行热压缩变形试验,变形温度为300～550℃,变形速率为0.01 ～ 10 s-1.结果表明:流变应力随应变速率的增加而增大,随温度升高而减小;流变应力开始随应变增加而增大,达到一定值后趋于平稳,表现出动态回复的特征.经过推导和计算,确定Mg2B2O5w/6061Al复合材料高温变形时的流变应力行为可采用含Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数来描述.     

Nd对Al2O3f/AZ91D复合材料高温蠕变性能的影响

利用高温压缩蠕变实验研究了Nd对复合材料的高温蠕变性能以及压应力对濡变应力指数的影响.结果表明稀土元素Nd的加入可以明显改善复合材料的高温蠕变性能,试验中添加0.8％Nd的Al2O3f/AZ91D复合材料的抗高温蠕变性能最好;当应力为60～90 MPa与156～180MPa时复合材料的蠕变机理为基体和增强体之间的载荷传递,纤维的开裂和破断是其失效的主要机制;应力为90～156 MPa时复合材料的蠕变机理为位错滑移与位错攀移共同作用.     

镁微合金化变形高温合金的蠕变行为

变形高温合金中加入适量Mg除能延长蠕变第二阶段,特别是第三阶段的时间外,还能降低低应变速率区的稳态蠕变速率,但在较高的应变速率时,影响不太明显。这种作用是晶内分布的Mg引起的。     

Al18B4O33w/AZ91D复合材料高温变形力学本构方程研究

利用Gleeble-1500D对硼酸铝晶须增强镁合金AZ91D复合材料（Al18B4O33w／AZ91D）在温度为300℃－400℃、应变速率为0.001s^-1—0.1s^-1、最大应变量为0.5的条件下进行高温压缩实验研究,根据真应力-应变曲线,计算出复合材料的Arrhenius型双皓正弦本构方程及应变速率敏感指数m、变形激活能Q。研究表明,晶须的偏转与折断使复合材料应变软化较合金明显,进入稳态变形后流变应力持续下降;峰值应力与变形温度、应变速率之间的关系在低应力区、高应力区分别符合指数关系、幂指数关系,而在全应力区符合双曲正弦关系;晶须的加入使复合材料的m、Q值均高于基体镁合金。     

Mg2B2O5w/AZ91D镁基复合材料的界面结构及其形成机理

采用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对萃取Mg2B2O5w的物相、表面元素化学状态变化及Mg2B2O5w/AZ91D复合材料界面反应产物进行了研究.结果表明:Mg2B2O5w/AZ91D界面处存在厚度不均匀的MgO和MgB2相界面层;MgO的形成主要与复合材料制备过程中晶须表面上的吸附氧有关,而界面产物MgB2则应来源于Mg2B2O5w分解产物B2O3与基体中Mg的反应;Mg2B2O5w、MgO和MgB2之间通常没有确定的晶体学位相关系,但在特定Mg2B2O5w表面观察到(202)Mg2B2O5w//(002)MgO,[010]Mg2B2O5//[110]MgO和(002)MgO//(0001)MgB2,[110]MgO//[2110]MgB2取向关系.     

Al2O3/Cu-WC复合材料热变形行为及热加工图

在Gleeble 1500D热模拟机上对Al2O3/Cu-WC复合材料进行热压缩实验,研究变形温度为350-750℃、应变速率为0.01-5 s 1条件下的热变形行为。结果表明:Al2O3/Cu-WC复合材料高温流变应力—应变曲线主要以动态再结晶软化机制为特征,峰值应力随变形温度的降低或应变速率的升高而增加;热变形过程中的稳态流变应力可用双曲正弦本构关系式来描述,其激活能为229.17 kJ/mol。根据材料动态模型,计算并建立Al2O3/Cu-WC复合材料的热加工图,据此确定热变形流变失稳区及热变形过程的最佳工艺参数,其热加工温度为650-750℃,应变速率为0.1-1 s 1。     

材料参数在Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N奥氏体不锈钢高温拉伸失稳中的作用

材料在塑性状态下拉伸变形,存在载荷失稳和几何失稳两种失稳形式。对于既有应变强化又有应变速率强化的材料,载荷失稳与几何失稳并不同时发生,且失稳应变主要受材料性能参数的控制。高温拉伸变形的Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N奥氏体不锈钢,表现出明显的应变速率敏感性,使得载荷失稳与几何失稳不同时发生,几何失稳前的均匀变形量明显增大;随变形温度升高,应变速率敏感性系数增大,几何失稳应变也随之增大。     

Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42-H2O体系的沉淀配合平衡热力学

针对草酸盐配位共沉淀热分解还原法制备超细铁镍合金粉过程中Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42--H2O体系的溶液平衡建立热力学分析模型,并根据模型进行相关计算,揭示反应体系中各物质随pH值、氨及草酸浓度的变化关系。结果表明:溶液中的Fe主要以[Fe(C2O4)n]2 2n络合物形式存在,而铁氨络合物含量很低。当氨含量较低时,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在;氨含量较高时,在酸性条件下,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在,在碱性条件下,则主要以[Ni(NH3)n]2+存在。低pH值下,Ni的沉淀率较Fe的高,而高pH值下,Ni的沉淀率则较Fe的低。     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

Al2O3-Sm2O3-CeO2电解质的性能（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法和低温燃烧技术制备Ce1-xSmxO2（x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3）和掺杂Sm和（2%-8%）Al2O3的二氧化铈;研究其合成、结构、致密化、导电性和热膨胀等性能,并利用XRD研究其结构和相组成。结果表明,于1300°C烧结球团,获得致密的陶瓷,于1250°C在Ce0.8Sm0.2O0.2中加入2%和4%的Al2O3以促进烧结。利用扫描电子显微镜观察烧结后球团的表面形貌,使用双探针交流阻抗谱研究总离子电导率。     

Al2O3包覆改善P2型Na2/3Fe1/2Mn1/2O2正极材料的存储性能

采用超声喷雾热解与高温固相烧结相结合的方法合成P2型Na_2/3Fe_1/2Mn_1/2O₂材料。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和电化学充放电设备对材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行全面的表征。此外,在Na_2/3Fe_1/2Mn_1/2O₂表面包覆Al₂O₃薄层,该包覆层可以抑制Na₂CO₃·H₂O的形成,提高Na_2/3Fe_1/2Mn_1/2O₂材料的存储性能,从而改善其电化学性能。这种简单的表面改性方法为合成高性能钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。     

Synthesis and properties of CaCd2Sb2 and EuCd2Sb2

High density polycrystalline CaCd₂Sb₂ and EuCd₂Sb₂ intermetallics are synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering and their thermoelectric properties are investigated. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal both materials have a structure in space group, containing a small amount of CdSb as a second phase. Thermoelectric measurements indicate both are p-type conductive materials. The figure of merit value of CaCd₂Sb₂ is 0.04 at 600 K and that of EuCd₂Sb₂ is 0.60 at 617 K. Theoretical calculations show that CaCd₂Sb₂ is a degenerate semiconductor with a band gap of 0.63 eV, while EuCd₂Sb₂ is metallic with DOS of 13.02 electrons/eV. For deeper understanding of the better thermoelectric properties of EuCd₂Sb₂, its low temperature magnetic, transport and heat capacity properties are investigated. Its Nèel temperature is 7.22 K, convinced by heat capacity anomaly at 7.13 K. Hall effect convinced that it is a p-type conductive material. It has high Hall coefficient, high carrier concentration and high carrier mobility of +1.426 cm³/C, 4.38 × 10¹⁸/cm³ and 182.40 cm²/Vs, respectively. They are all in the magnitude of good thermoelectric materials. The Eu 4f level around Fermi energy and antiferromagnetic order may count for the better thermoelectric properties of EuCd₂Sb₂ than that of CaCd₂Sb₂.     

Y2O3-BaO-SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3 glass sealant for solid oxide fuel cells

A glass based on Y₂O₃-BaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃-Al₂O₃ (named YBA) has been investigated as sealant for planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The YBA glass has been systematically characterized by differential thermal analysis, dilatometer, scanning electron microscopy, impedance analysis, and open circuit voltage to examine their suitability as sealant. The coefficient of thermal expansion of YBA is 11.64 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ between 323 and 873 K. The resistivity is 9.1 × 10⁴ Ω cm at 800 °C. The glass sealant is found to be well adhered with other cell components, such as electrolytes and stainless steels, at an optimum sealing temperature of 800 °C. All measured results showed that the YBA glass appears to be a promising sealant for SOFCs.     

New Zr6CoAs2-type compounds: Y6CoBi2, Ho6CoBi2 and Tm6CoBi2

Results of a powder X-ray diffraction investigation of new ternary compounds are reported. The compounds Y₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8312(1) nm, c=0.4144(1) nm], Ho₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8246(2) nm, c=0.4095(1) nm], and Tm₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8155(2) nm, c=0.4066(1) nm] crystallize in the hexagonal Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure (space group P6b2m No. 189). The Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure is a superstructure of the Fe₂P-type structure.     

载体中ZrO2/Al2O3比对Pt/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

相比汽油车而言,柴油车具有高效、低油耗的优势已得到广泛应用。本实验以ZrO₂作为改性剂,探究了ZrO₂与Al₂O₃的质量比对催化剂的影响。研究结果表明：随着ZrO₂的加入,Pt粒子先减小后增大;Pt粒子与载体的交互作用先增大后减小。活性实验数据分析表明,ZrO₂的最佳添加量为40 wt%,CO和C₃H₆完全氧化温度分别降低20 _oC 、25 _oC。贵金属在催化剂的分散度以及贵金属与载体的相互作用随着ZrO₂与Al₂O₃质量比的变化而变化。Pt粒子越小,其与载体的交互作用越强,这表明催化剂性能越强。     

Gd Mössbauer effect and magnetic properties of GdNi2Sb2, GdCu2Sb2 and GdAl2Ga2

We have investigated the magnetic properties and the ¹⁵⁵Gd Mössbauer spectra of the ThCr₂Si₂-type compounds GdNi₂Sb₂, GdCu₂Sb₂ and GdAl₂Ga₂. These three compounds were found to order antiferromagnetically, with T_N=6.5 K, 15.8 K, and 42.4 K respectively. The electric field gradient V₂₂ derived from the quadrupole splitting of the Mössbauer spectra gives rise to a sign change at the end of the T3d series in GdT₂Sb₂, as was observed previously also for the corresponding compounds with Si and Ge. This behaviour was explained in terms of decreasing hybridization between the Gd valence electron states and the d electron states of the T atoms.     

Thermodynamic evaluation of phase equilibria in the CaCl2-MgCl2-CaF2-MgF2 system

The phase diagram of the CaCl₂-CaF₂-MgCl₂-MgF₂ reciprocal ternary system was calculated thermodynamically from available data on the common-ion binary subsystems and from available data on the CaCl₂-MgF₂ join. This join is very nearly quasibinary and divides the system into two quasiternary systems: the CaCl₂-MgF₂-CaF₂ system with a ternary eutectic calculated at 724 +-5 °C and the CaC₂-MgF₂-MgCl₂ system with a ternary eutectic calculated at 561 +-5 °C.