住宅郊区化与大城市边缘小城镇发展—以广州市边缘南海市黄岐区为例

人类进入后工业化社会以来,城镇化的发展步伐越来越快。随着交通技术的进步、大城市中心地价的迅速上涨、一些“城市病”现象的出现等,大城市在发展过程中出现了一种重要的离心现象,即人口和一些经济活动逐渐向郊区发展,“住宅郊区化”就是其中一种较典型的情况。人口及经济活动的郊区化过程实质也是城镇化的     

重大移民搬迁历史城镇“社会—空间”变迁及其整体性保护探讨——以重庆龚滩古镇的实证研究为例

针对历史城镇在国家重大建设工程中的移民搬迁现象,文章选择因国家水电站建设而整体搬迁的重庆龚滩古镇为典型研究对象,解析历史城镇“社会网络—空间”变迁的特征。文章通过对2006—2020年移民搬迁过程中居民社会关系数据的提取与分析,构建搬迁前、中、后三个时间节点的社会网络拓扑结构模型;依据网络密度、“k-核”比例指标,计算社会网络紧密度、稳定性的变化特征;通过分析血缘、地缘、业缘关系演变过程中对应的物质载体变化,揭示历史城镇移民搬迁过程中社会网络变迁的空间机制,并根据“模型构建—网络结构优化—规划实践”的技术流程,探索融合物质空间与社会网络的整体性保护策略,以期丰富城乡文化遗产保护的理论框架,指导移民搬迁历史城镇的整体性保护规划实践。     

聚落·会馆--洛带客家移民文化之初探

四川是一个移民社会,洛带镇是客家移民的“净土”。在那里比较顽强地显露出移民独特的“个性”：其物质形态反映在居住建筑上,完全大异于其他地区的模式;精神形态则主要表现在会馆建筑上。“会馆建筑”作为各省移民同乡聚会之所,是洛带移民社会最具代表性的物质见证,也是背井离乡的客家人在新环境中的精神认同和归依。     

移民聚落社会伦理关系适应性研究——以广东高要地区“八卦”形态聚落为例

通过对广东高要地区八卦形态聚落特殊空间形态与特殊的移民社会结构形态进行比较,分析其同构现象,指出八卦形态聚落具有移民社会伦理关系适应性:适应了移民社会的保守策略、移民社会的伦理结构,同时适应了移民社会的阶级分层形态。     

城市移民住区居住隔离与微观空间营造应对——以美国波士顿北端为例

城市发展过程中,外来移民群体同质性聚集形成“移民住区”,居住隔离现象反映了移民住区面临的空间问题与融合困境.在既有的居住隔离应对实践与研究中,较多关注宏观层面,微观视角相对缺失.本文以美国波士顿北端移民住区为例,详述其在“居住空间修复、商住空间更新、住区边界缝合、人文场所塑造”四方面的微观空间营造作法,总结归纳出“政策...     

湖广基型巴蜀衍化——移民视角下巴蜀风土宅院类型与特征

明末清初大规模的“湖广填四川”移民活动对巴蜀地区的建筑产生了巨大影响。文章首先以方言为线索区分巴蜀土著与移民之别,结合历史图像和田野调查找到巴蜀土著风土宅院的原型,并发现移民在巴蜀地区的营建带有原乡风土建筑的特征,据此文章尝试对巴蜀地区的宅院进行分类,认为主要存在三种基型,分别与土著、两湖移民和客家移民相对应;这三种基型的形成及其在巴蜀的衍化过程,反映了不同方言片区建筑文化的相互影响、土著与移民的交流,以及移民对巴蜀地方条件的适应。文章最后以重庆江津陈宅为例,经过分析发现过廊这一关键空间是由陈氏原乡湘中地区游亭空间衍化而形成的,可作为移民文化对巴蜀地区原有建筑产生影响的有力证据。     

社会力学视野下的日本渡满移民开拓

日本在20世纪初到战败期间向中国东北地区进行了长达近40年的移民活动。在分为三个期间(即试验移民、武装移民、的对外移民按照社会力学的角度来进行分析。     

危险的"异族入侵"

有一些“生物移民”经常翻山越岭、远涉重洋，它们也许是一种动物，也许是一种植物或者一种细菌。它们的到来经常会破坏当地的生态平衡，“它们来了，它们正在喧宾夺主”。2002年在我国出现的食人鲳，就是——危险的“异族入侵”     

珠江三角洲地区“城中村”更新规划研究

正当珠江三角洲城市化水平迅速提高的时候,“城中村”作为一种极“不和谐”的城市现象而越来越受到社会的广泛关注。从剖析“城中村”现象入手,就“城中村”更新规划问题,从人文资源的利用、生态资源的利用、社会结构的重整三个角度提出了规划理念,并就更新中的典型问题进行了分析。     

官方性与非官方性之间——湘西苗寨墟场集市观察

引言 正如弗洛姆在《逃避自由》中指出的，“自发性是心理学的最大难题”，自发一词的拉丁词根为sponte，字面含义为人的自由意志，它不是强制活动，也不是机器人的活动，而是一种“创造性的活动特征”。在弗洛姆看来，“自发性是文化中的罕见现象”，而在艺术家和小孩身上表现最为突出。     

四川会馆建筑与移民文化

会馆建筑是明清时期出现的建筑类型,在四川乡土建筑研究领域中有着十分重要的地位,本文通过对四川会馆勃兴的历史渊源探究,会馆社会文化职能的论述,以及会馆建筑群体空间特色的分析,提出了四川会馆的文化意义不仅体现在其空间实体的建筑艺术上,而且有着丰富的地域移民文化内涵。     

Immigration and Housing: The Missing Link?

Few observers doubt that we face a fiscal crisis in the provision of urban infrastructure. Since the mid 1980s the main source of funds hitherto available to utilities like the Sydney Water Board, namely public borrowing, has been drastically reduced. Simultaneously, statebudgctallocations for education, health, transport, etc., have declined in real terms, generating bitter complaints from those affected. Over the same period there has been a sharp decline in housing af fordability, particularly in Melbourne and Sydney – the main locations for overseas migrants.     

一个无人区边的移民聚落的案例研究

本文以一个具体的移民聚落作为研究案例,通过现场的踏勘和测绘,比照族谱的记载探寻新屋垸的罗氏家族始迁祖在移民过程中择址而居所考量的因素及其精神理念。探寻宗族移民聚落发展的踪迹,以人类学的视野解读人们的聚居环境及地域文化,以期对为移民聚落的保育实践等提供理论支持。     

Immigration and the City: Some Demographic Facts and Issues

Unquestionably, migration has become a predominant factor in the growth of all mainland capital cities of Australia, partly because of the relatively low fertility extant, partly because of the level of immigration to Australia and, also, because of high levels of interstate internal migration. In fact, the migration components oif growth have varied for decades between Australian cities – with strong overseas migration and internal migration together resulting in annual rates of growth of over 3 per cent per annum in Perth, and strong internal migration and lesser but significant immigration sustaining almost comparable growth rates in metropolitan Brisbane. Much of the internal migration net gain to these two cities comprises migration from Sydney and Melbourne, particularly the former.     

Immigration,Globalisation and House Prices in Canada's Gateway Cities

This paper begins by examining house price movements in eight metropolitan areas in Canada between 1971 and 1996. At the start of this period there was considerable conformity in price levels among the eight centres, but by the mid-1990s wide disparity in the price structure had emerged, with Vancouver and Toronto (and their satellites) having broken away from the rest as a result of rapid price inflation after 1985. At the same time, the cities showing the most marked gains also suffered the heaviest losses during economic downturns. The geography and timing of rapid price inflation coincided with the onset of heavy and concentrated immigration in Toronto and Vancouver after 1985, and the remainder of the paper considers the relations in these cities between price change and globalisation in general, immigration in particular. In both cities, and especially Vancouver, aside from growth in the provincial GDP, conventional regional and national factors seem to have declining significance in accounting for price movements, while indicators of globalisation, including immigration, exert stronger effects. These effects are consistent not only with globalisation but also with economic polarisation in post-industrial cities.     

Old Boys Down Home: Immigration and Social Integration in Halifax

Canadian cities are active competitors in the process of recruiting immigrants to help them increase diversity, improve their economies, and stimulate population growth. This study of Halifax, a small city in eastern Canada, suggests that some features which make the city-region attractive for inter-provincial migrants — such as the easy pace of life, perceptions of homogeneity, and tight social networks — affect the ability of international migrants to integrate in the community.     

Tolerant or segregated? Immigration and electoral outcomes in urban areas

Despite recent research evidence that an increased share of immigrants in an area causes an increase in anti-immigrant-party votes, the electoral impact of exposure to immigration appears virtually non-existent—or even contrary—in urban areas. This study thus reassesses the latter using disaggregated data for Milan, Italy's second-largest city. The spatial scale of the analysis addresses the possible bias from aggregating neighbourhoods that are experiencing different immigration inflows. Using a sharp measure of anti-immigration vote and a new instrumental variable to address the possible endogeneity of immigrant share, I find that exposure to immigration has a positive effect on anti-immigration-party votes even in urban contexts. These results are of possible major interest to moderate political forces and European institutions and could usefully guide policy-makers in designing immigrant location policies.     

和顺新村生态移民住宅能源自维持性研究

通过对宁夏银川地区和顺新村生态移民住宅的用能调研,建立能耗分析模型,确定模型边界条件及各项参数进行模拟研究,得到该类住宅的基本能耗及能耗结构。结果表明,仅考虑围护结构采用节能措施的生态移民住宅模型相较于对比模型节能14.2%;住宅可再生能源利用具有很好的地区适宜性,可再生能源占住宅总能耗的76.7%,远高于寒冷地区普通农宅36%的比例,能源自维持性较好;和顺新村示范项目每年可节约耗煤量约664.6 t,减少二氧化碳排放量约1 841 kg,生态效益良好。研究结果可为新农村住宅的建造、改造提供能源建设参考,推进农村绿色建筑的发展。     

Immigration in gateway cities: Sydney and Vancouver in comparative perspective

Contemporary international migration shows points of departure from the immigration of the past. First, all continents are now significantly implicated in the transfers of populations. Second, there is immense diversity among immigrant characteristics and human capital, including both legal and illegal status, and ranging from the movement of well-resourced cosmopolitans to the flows of refugees who may well be poverty-stricken and without documentation. Third, the numbers of international migrants are at a very high level. Fourth, destinations are more concentrated than has been the case in recent history, focussed upon large metropolitan centres, or gateway cities, in advanced societies.These are contexts confronting planners on an everyday basis in multicultural gateway cities such as Sydney (Australia) and Vancouver (Canada). Both metropolitan areas share a common economic and cultural history, and their Pacific Rim location has recently strongly affected migration flows as legislative reform opened the boundaries of their nation states to new immigrant origins. While Sydney is a nationally primate city and twice the size of Vancouver, each metropolitan area displays similar processes of economic and cultural transformation.This volume addresses a number of intellectual and planning questions that have ensued. In Chapter 2 we ask to what extent contemporary immigration is reshaping urban spatial structure, requiring new concepts of urban form and new strategies for service provision. The housing dimension of immigrant settlement has been an important preoccupation of planners, and in Chapter 3 we consider such issues as tenure, affordability, house price inflation, land use conflicts, and the globalization of urban housing markets accompanying elevated immigration in gateway cities. The differential response to immigration among different family members has recently been identified, and Chapter 4 addresses the gendering of immigration and women's mobilisation to secure necessary services. An important institution in shaping attitudes about immigration is the media, and Chapter 5 considers its representation of minority groups, including two case studies of media coverage of land use conflicts between immigrants and the long-settled population. We argue that it is local government where immigrants typically encounter the state in the delivery of everyday services, and Chapter 6 considers the multicultural readiness of local governments in Sydney and Vancouver in serving a culturally diverse body of citizens. Finally, in Chapter 7 we offer some concluding remarks on the challenges of physical, social, and multicultural planning in gateway cities.