新型低温短流程平推流塔式聚酯技术生产工艺介绍

介绍了一种新型聚酯技术即聚友化工连续聚合平推流塔式聚酯技术的工艺,重点阐述了其生产过程工艺参数对产品质量的影响,并且介绍了聚友柔性生产技术——集中酯化分散缩聚。     

通过改进网络结构提高多杂质水系统柔性的集成方法

水系统集成导致用水过程之间联系紧密、相互作用、相互影响.为了改善系统柔性,可通过改进网络结构提高系统的柔性.对多杂质水回用网络系统的柔性进行了分析,提出了用过程附加控制数和过程连接数同时表征多杂质水回用系统柔性的评价指标,建立了新鲜水耗量最小化、过程附加控制数优化和过程连接数优化的分步优化数学模型,并通过多杂质水网络实例研究了该方法的可行性,得到了具有最小新鲜水耗量、过程附加控制数和过程连接数均最小的水网络结构.     

不确定性下基于柔性指数的计算机辅助制冷工质设计

针对工程应用中制冷循环会因环境因素的不确定波动而具有变工况的特点，提出以最大化操作柔性为目标研究最优制冷工质设计的面向操作柔性的过程和工质协同优化方法。该方法在物性预测模型层面，针对现有基团贡献法误差大的问题，修正了基团拆分方法和基团参数；在制冷过程模型层面，针对相态不确定性引入了互补约束；在优化求解层面，提出以柔性指数最大化为目标的制冷工质优化方案，建立以柔性指数最大化为目标的混合整数非线性规划问题。将该方法分别应用于单工质和混合工质设计案例，结果表明，面向环境不确定性的最优工质有别于制冷性能系数最大化的工质。     

化工配管柔性分析和应力验算

论述了化工配管设计中管系柔性分析和应力验算依据和方法以及电算程序的使用要点。     

精馏塔的柔性分析与柔性改造优化研究

本文对单个精馏塔的柔性分析模型、策略方法进行了研究,建立了精馏塔的柔性分析数学模型,指出精馏过程柔性分析的关键是研究其操作上限,以“三环节”能量流结构理论为基础,建立了精馏塔柔性优化改造的数学模型和策略方法,并给出了应用实例。     

石油化工过程安全技术研究进展

对石油化工过程安全生产的一些关键技术研究的现状以及未来的发展前景做了综合性的述评与展望.介绍了国内外安全生产和事故预防若干关键技术的研究进展,包括过程监测与故障诊断技术、生产关键装置风险评估技术、石油和化工过程的柔性设计、本质安全技术的应用.     

炼油厂减压转油线改造与柔性分析

通过对某炼油厂减压曲线改造中高温真空管系的柔性分析,介绍了将炉外工艺管线与加热炉炉管作为一个管道系统进行柔性分析的方法,分析了管系中９焊制裢形三通的应力加强系数,以及减小三通局部应力的方法。介绍了不增加管道压力降而提高管线柔性,减水热应力措施。     

化工管道设计中的自然补偿法简述

化工管道设计是确保化工行业有序运行的重要条件。为了保障化工管道设计能够较为可靠协调,能够促使其在后续运营使用中保证管道的有效运行,管道的柔性设计是不可或缺的。通常柔性设计采用管道热补偿的方法,其中采用自然补偿法进行处理是较为经济安全的一类。重点围绕着化工管道设计中自然补偿法的应用进行了简要的分析论述。     

陶瓷自动配料柔性开发系统硬件的模块化设计

实现陶瓷自动配料是现代陶瓷墙地砖生产的必然发展方向,研制其柔性开发系统有利于实现自动配料系统的柔性开发,并且可大幅节约开发成本。介绍了陶瓷自动配料柔性开发系统硬件包括机械系统和电器系统研制过程中的模块化设计思想和技术。电器控制系统各模块之间采用标准接插件连接,便于设计、维修、移动和扩充,体现了模块化设计方法的优势。     

钣金件快速制造技术综述

介绍了一种新的柔性多点成形技术，并介绍了其原理和特点以及存在的问题和可能的解决方法。     

Quantification of process flexibility via space projection

Flexibility index is an effective indicator for characterizing the operational flexibility of a process design model. In this work, the concept of δ-space projection is proposed and defined from the view of solution space, and the flexibility index can be quantified without solving any optimization problems. First, the flexibility index problem is reformulated as an existential quantifier model. Then, the projection operator in the cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) method is introduced to project the solution space onto the one-dimensional feasible space of the flexibility index. Subsequently, all the candidate values of the flexibility index, which may refer to the locations of the critical points, that is, vertexes and tangency points, are extracted. Last, two δ-checking rules based on the traditional and improved CAD methods are proposed for finding the flexibility index. The case studies show that the proposed method can exactly find the flexibility index, regardless of convex or nonconvex systems.     

化工过程系统的柔性分析扩展算法

An extended algorithm of flexibility analysis with a local adjusting method for flexibility region of chemical processes, which is based on the active constraint strategy, is proposed, which fully exploits the flexibility region of the process system operation. The hyperrectangular flexibility region determined by the extended algorithm is larger than that calculated by the previous algorithms. The limitation of the proposed algorithm due to imperfect convexity and its corresponding verification measure are also discussed. Both numerical and actual chemical process examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new algorithm.     

Perspectives on the flexibility analysis for continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing processes

Pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing,especially under the context of COVID-19 pandemic,is regarded as an emerging technology that can guarantee the adequate quality assurance and mitigate pro-cess risk while guaranteeing the desirable economic performance.Flexibility analysis is one approach to quantitively assess the capability of chemical process to guarantee feasible operation in face of variations on uncertain parameters.The aim of this paper is to provide the perspectives on the flexibility analysis for continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.State-of-the-art and progress in the flexibility anal-ysis for chemical processes including concept evolution,mathematical model formulations,solution strategies,and applications are systematically overviewed.Recent achievements on the flexibility/feasi-bility analysis of the downstream dosage form manufacturing process are also touched upon.Further challenges and developments in the field of flexibility analysis for novel continuous manufacturing pro-cesses of active pharmaceutical ingredients along with the integrated continuous manufacturing pro-cesses are identified.     

换热网络的柔性识别及基于旁路调节的运行优化

从研究换热网络的运行特性和调节特性出发,引入灵敏度理论,建立了基于灵敏度评价指标的柔性识别方法,获得了换热网络的柔性特性和柔性区间。通过柔性分析捕获换热网络中的敏感流体,并将旁路调节应用在此类敏感流体的调节控制,建立了换热器及其网络的旁路调节方法。实例应用表明:针对频繁扰动或对运行性能影响严重的流体设置旁路,抑制了流体扰动作用的传递,保证了换热网络中绝大多数流体出口参数的稳定,在公用工程费用不变的基础上显著地减少了公用工程的数目,优化换热网络结构的同时实现了运行优化。     

A Modified Model for Flexibility Analysis in Chemical Engineering Processes

This paper discussed an extended model for flexibility analysis of chemical process. Under uncertainty, probability density function is used to describe uncertain parameters instead of hyper-rectangle, and chance-constrained programming is a feasible way to deal with the violation of constraints. Because the feasible region of control variables would change along with uncertain parameters, its smallest acceptable size threshold is presented to ensure the controllability condition. By synthesizing the considerations mentioned above, a modified model can describe the flexibility analysis problem more exactly. Then a hybrid algorithm, which integrates: stochastic simulation and genetic algorithm, is applied to solve this model and maximize the flexibility region. Both numerical and chemical process examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.     

化工过程中柔性分析的改进模型

This paper discussed an extended model for flexibility analysis of chemical process. Under uncertainty, probability density function is used to describe uncertain parameters instead of hyper-rectangle, and chanceconstrained programming is a feasible way to deal with the violation of constraints. Because the feasible region of control variables would change along with uncertain parameters, its smallest acceptable size threshold is presented to ensure the controllability condition. By synthesizing the considerations mentioned above, a modified model can describe the flexibility analysis problem more exactly. Then a hybrid algorithm, which integrates stochastic simulation and genetic algorithm, is applied to solve this model and maximize the flexibility region. Both numerical and chemical process examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.     

A UNIQUE APPROACH FOR SOLVING SUB-PROBLEMS IN FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS

In the design of a chemical process (CP), certain design specifications (for example those related to process economics, process performance, safety, and the environment) must be satisfied. During the operation of the plant, since design models have uncertainties associated with them, we need to ensure the flexibility of the CP. This means that within the region of uncertainty, all design specifications must be satisfied. In recent years, research has focused on the development of methods for flexibility analysis of the CP. There are three main sub-problems associated with flexibility analysis, namely evaluation of CP flexibility, evaluation of CP structural flexibility anddetermination of the optimal regime over which the flexibility of the CP is guaranteed. We have developed a general approach to solving the sub-problems based on the split and bound strategy.     

UNCERTAINTY AT BOTH DESIGN AND OPERATION STAGES

Process uncertainty is almost always an issue during the design of chemical processes (CP). In the open literature it has been shown that consideration of process uncertainties in optimal design necessitates the incorporation of process flexibility. Such an optimal design can presumably operate reliably in the presence of process and modeling uncertainty. Halemane and Grossmann (1983) introduced a feasibility function for evaluating CP flexibility. They also formulated a two-stage optimization problem for estimating the optimal design margins. These formulations, however, are based implicitly on the assumption that during the operation stage, uncertain parameters can be determined with enough precision. This assumption is rather restrictive and is often not met in practice. When available experimental information at the operation stage does not allow a more precise estimate of some of the uncertain parameters, new formulations of the flexibility condition and the optimization problem under uncertainty are needed. In this article, we propose such formulations, followed by some computational experiments.     

用于润滑油改性剂的乙丙共聚物J-0010的研究

根据国内油品市场的需要,通过研究考察了引发剂配比及工艺条件变化等对共聚反应的影响,得出共聚反应及共聚产物性能随上述诸因素的变化规律。结合吉林石化公司引进的乙丙橡胶生产工艺,分别进行了理化性能分析试验、模拟评定试验。成功开发了乙丙共聚物润滑油粘度指数改进剂产品J-0010及工艺。试验结果表明产品性能完全达到杜邦0125的水平。     

新型不锈钢化学抛光剂工艺研究

叙述了一般不锈钢化学抛光溶液的基本类型和在实际应用中存在的问题。着重论述MW－6不锈钢化学抛光剂的工艺研究过程、工艺条件、质量指标及检测方法，同时介绍了它与传统不锈钢化学抛光剂的比较，经验价值，表面质量控制，应用领域及应用前景。