ML08Al冷墩钢连铸坯表面质量优化研究

针对国内某钢厂连铸生产ML08Al冷墩钢过程中,铸坯表面出现的角部裂纹、表面凹陷及皮下夹渣等问题,采取了理论分析和现场试验的方法,结果表明ML08Al冷镦钢连铸坯出现的表面缺陷与现场生产过程中多个参数有关。通过优化二冷区配水、改善结晶器保护渣理化性能、优化钢种成分、改进目前结晶器电磁搅拌参数等方式,可以有效减少ML08Al冷镦钢铸坯的表面缺陷,其表面质量得到了明显改善。     

济钢连铸保护渣的优化与应用

介绍并分析了济钢连铸所使用的保护渣的理化性能,结合生产实际对保护渣物理性能进行研究,优化了各项性能指标,选择与应用了高碱度、低熔点、低粘度、低凝固温度的预熔空心颗粒保护渣,使铸坯一次合格率达到98%以上,消除了由此造成的漏钢事故,保证了生产的顺利进行。     

ER70-Ti钢铸坯表面横向裂纹分析及控制

承钢生产ER70-Ti焊丝钢小方坯过程中铸坯出现了严重的横向裂纹。利用FactSage热力学模拟软件对ER70-Ti钢的凝固特性进行分析,针对钢本身特性、保护渣和连铸工艺参数进行分析,研究横向裂纹缺陷产生的原因。利用全自动炉渣熔点熔速测定仪测得保护渣的熔速为145 s,利用旋转粘度计测试粘度为0.71 Pa·s,利用红外传热系统测试热流密度为184 kW/m~2。这种熔速慢、控制传热效果差的保护渣严重影响保护渣的渣层厚度和保护渣熔化的均匀性,通过改变保护渣的碱度、C含量以及配碳模式。将保护渣的热流密度降低到118 kW/m~2,熔速提高到55 s。实际生产表明调整后的保护渣使铸坯的表面质量明显改善。     

40Cr棒材表面纵裂缺陷的研究

经过对石钢生产中产生表面纵裂的40Cr圆钢进行取样、检验和分析发现,裂纹内残存物含有与连铸保护渣相同的特征元素,结合工艺过程,初步探明石钢生产该圆钢产生表面纵裂的原因是由于轧钢时应用表面带有粘渣或裂纹的铸坯.而杜绝铸坯表面粘渣和裂纹除优化浇铸工艺参数、稳定浇铸过程外,选择粘度小、熔点低、熔速快等合适理化性能指标的保护渣至关重要.     

15CrMoG矩形坯保护渣优化实践

针对15CrMoG矩形坯出现的凹陷与纵向裂纹,设计了保护渣熔化温度、碱度、粘度等技术参数。将保护渣碱度由0.85调整到1.15,熔点由1 132℃调整到1 200℃,粘度由0.67 Pa·s调整到1.4 Pa·s,提高保护渣的析晶率,增大固态渣膜厚度,提高热阻,均匀稳定了传热;同时将保护渣熔速由70 s优化到32 s,控制振动参数,提高非正弦振动偏斜率,增大保护渣消耗量,改善润滑。通过保护渣理化指标和振动参数的优化,消除了铸坯表面凹陷与纵向裂纹。不良铸坯的精整处理比例大幅降低,减少了铸坯修磨工作量,提高了金属收得率。     

水钢方坯连铸保护渣系列化探讨

连铸保护渣对维持连铸工艺的顺行和提高铸坯表面质量具有重要作用.由于连铸工艺和钢种的差别,对应的连铸保护渣的合理的理化性能也不尽相同.针对水钢小方坯连铸工艺,以钢种的凝固特性为出发点,对连铸保护渣进行了系列化探讨.在结合铸坯表面质量与连铸保护渣性能匹配关系调查的基础上,对目前主要钢种包括低碳钢、中碳钢和高碳钢小方坯连铸保护渣合理理化性能进行了系列规划.     

410不锈钢小方坯表面纵裂的控制

从410不锈钢表面纵裂形成的机理出发,通过采取优化钢水成分、调整结晶器水流量、优化保护渣理化性能和拉速等工艺措施,410不锈钢小方坯表面纵裂得到了有效的控制,且基本上杜绝了漏钢等生产事故的发生。铸坯的表面质量得到了大幅度的提升,铸坯表面纵裂发生率由11.24%降为2.18%,铸坯的修磨率降低了3.4%。     

优化保护渣改善冷镦钢铸坯表面质量

钩型振痕是某厂生产35K冷墩钢铸坯表面的主要问题,其产生的原因是由于保护渣的润滑性能不良造成。钩型振痕一方面会使铸坯表面产生夹渣、裂纹和皮下气孔等缺陷;另一方面,由于该处传热不好会使局部奥氏体晶粒粗大和微观组织发展而产生组织不均匀的现象,引起轧材冷镦开裂。因此,通过优化结晶器保护渣理化性能,改善保护渣的润滑性能,铸坯钩型振痕得以消除,振痕处组织的不均匀性得到控制,为后续的轧钢过程提供了合格的铸坯。     

影响ML08Al钢冷顶锻开裂的原因分析

从生产工艺上分析了影响ML08Al钢冷顶锻开裂的原因。分析结果认为:[Al]s低,[N]含量高,[Al]s/[N]小于6.0的比例大,且冷墩前氮的时效硬化危害没有得到有效消除;保护渣卷入铸坯、钙处理效果不好等多方面因素导致了ML08Al钢冷顶锻开裂。     

包晶钢12 Cr1MoVG小方坯表面凹陷原因及改进

包晶钢铸坯在凝固过程中线收缩和体积收缩大,裂纹敏感性强,铸坯质量不易控制.分析了河钢邯钢包晶钢12Cr1MoVG小方坯生产过程中铸坯表面凹陷形成的原因,并提出了改进措施.通过控制碳含量、优化包晶钢保护渣、提高拉速、降低结晶器水流量、优化足辊喷嘴等措施,包晶钢铸坯表面质量得到了明显改善,铸坯表面凹陷率由100％降低到5％...     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)