纳米晶掺Ce硬质合金粉末的制备

采用高能球磨法，制备出了晶粒度约11nm的掺Ce硬质合金粉末。用XRD、SEM和DTA等分析检测手段，研究了高能球磨过程中，掺Ce硬质合金粉末的结构、形貌和相的变化。结果表明：微量Ce的加入，有利于硬质合金粉末晶粒的细化；高能球磨10小时，即可获得晶粒度为30nm的掺Ce硬质合金粉末；高能球磨20小时，Co相的X-ray衍射峰消失，说明Co相已完全固溶或亚固溶于WC相中；高能球磨30小时，可获得晶粒度的11nm的掺Ce硬质合金粉末。DTA分析表明，与高能球磨前的粉末相比，在300－600℃加热时，高能球磨掺Ce硬质合金粉末出现了明显的结构驰豫。     

高能球磨合成纳米WC-Co复合粉末的特性

采用变转速多次循环高能球磨工艺在32min制备出了平均晶粒尺寸约为25nm的纳米WC-10CO-0．8VC-0．2Cr3C2(重量分数)复合粉末，并用化学元素分析、XRD，TEM，DTA对纳米WC—Co复合粉末的特性进行了表征和分析。结果表明，变转速多次循环高能球磨工艺制备的纳米WC—CO复合粉末，化学成分合格，杂质含量低，球磨效率高；球磨过程是一个晶粒逐渐细化的过程，同时也是一个晶格畸变逐渐增加、粉末体系能量逐渐增大的过程；球磨得到的WC-Co纳米复合粉末颗粒形貌基本为球形，粒径分布较宽，颗粒中存在着一些团聚体，平均颗粒尺寸约为50nm；纳米WC-10Co-0．8VC-0．2Cr3C2(wt％)复合粉末的共晶点约为1280℃。纳米复合粉末中W，Co，V，Cr元素分布均匀弥散。     

矫顽磁力在纤维状WC晶粒硬质合金研究中的应用

利用高能球磨制备的纳米晶W(Co,C)过渡相粉末制备了纤维状WC硬质合金。采用X射线衍射(XRD)分析球磨粉末及不同温度烧结样品的相组成,并计算WC晶粒尺寸;通过矫顽力研究高能球磨粉末Co的存在方式以及固相烧结阶段粉末相转变和晶粒长大行为。结果表明:球磨粉末中矫顽力由0(球磨时间22h)逐渐增加,Co先固溶在W晶格中,随球磨时间增加析出;烧结温度为700~900℃时,矫顽力由0急剧增加,η相分解析出单磁畴的Co,WC晶粒长大较慢;烧结温度为1 050~1 250℃时,矫顽力下降,大量多磁畴Co出现,WC晶粒长大速度加快;烧结温度为900~1 050℃时,矫顽力几乎不变,WC晶粒长大缓慢;烧结温度超过1 250℃时,矫顽力缓慢增加,Co相晶型发生改变。     

高能球磨制备纳米晶镁合金粉末的研究

利用氩气保护下的高能球磨,制备了纳米晶AZ31镁合金粉末。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等方法,研究了高能球磨过程中粉末微观组织与形貌演变规律。结果表明:随着球磨时间的延长,镁合金粉末的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,微观应变和晶格常数逐渐增大;粉末颗粒首先被碾压成扁平状并相互焊合使颗粒尺寸粗化,然后随球磨的继续进行发生断裂,使颗粒尺寸逐渐减小;球磨80h后,粉末组织与形貌均趋于稳定,获得了平均颗粒尺寸为15～20μm、晶粒尺寸为85nm左右的纳米晶AZ31镁合金粉末。     

机械球磨过程中Mo-37.5%Si混和粉晶粒尺寸和微观应变的研究

采用多重峰和双峰分离技术及计算机软件包,成功地进行了单一Mo峰的分离,测定和计算了球磨过程中粉末晶粒尺寸和晶格畸变随球磨时间的变化。随着球磨时间的延长,Mo-37.5％Si(原子分数)混合粉中的Mo粉晶粒尺寸减小,但变化速度减缓。经过15h的球磨后,可以得到纳米级合金粉末,经80h球磨后,晶粒尺寸下降到约7.6nm。另一方面,球磨造成的微观应变不大。     

利用反应热处理制备纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末

对反应热处理技术(即高能球磨+热处理)合成纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末的工艺进行了研究。DTA分析结果表明:以W,Co粉和碳黑为原料的混合物经过一定的活化处理后,碳化钨可在572℃左右形成;通过改变反应热处理时间和温度,合成的纳米碳化钨晶粒尺寸在9～42nm之间变化。反应热处理技术是合成纳米晶WC-Co复合粉末的行之有效的方法。     

纳米复合抑制剂对微波法制备WC-TiC-Co硬质合金组成和微观结构的影响

以纳米WC、TiC和Co粉为原料,用纳米V_8C_7-Cr_3C_2复合粉末作为晶粒抑制剂,研究了复合晶粒抑制剂对硬质合金的组成和微观结构的影响。结果表明:由微波原位合成的纳米V_8C_7-Cr_3C_2复合粉末显示出良好的分散性,主要由平均尺寸约30 nm的球形或类球形颗粒组成。WC基复合粉末经微波烧结后,主要由WC和TiC组成,并且WC衍射峰强度明显减弱。添加纳米复合晶粒抑制剂后,硬质相的分布较均匀,平均晶粒尺寸在500 nm左右。     

纤维状WC晶粒硬质合金的制备

以高能球磨方法处理制备的纳米晶复合粉末为原料，通过真空烧结制备硬质合金块体，研究该纳米晶复合粉末的烧结致密化行为和显微结构特征。结果表明：该纳米晶粉末的烧结致密化可依烧结温度从低至高分为、3个阶段，而在高于1250℃的液相烧结阶段，将温度提高至1375℃烧结30min，可获得密度为14．46g／cm^3、烧结收缩率为27．2％的致密硬质合金。此时，WC晶粒呈纤维状，随机分布在烧结体中，其长度约为1．2μm，径向尺寸约为100nm；采用高能球磨处理工艺可以获得原位生成的纤维状WC晶粒增强的硬质合金。     

η相粉末的加入对WC-10Co硬质合金组织与性能的影响

通过向WC-10Co混合粉末中加入2%和4%质量分数的η相粉末和等摩尔量的炭黑,经过传统的粉末冶金工艺制备含板状WC晶粒的硬质合金,研究η相碳化反应过程以及η相粉末加入量、η相粉末在基体中球磨时间对合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:加入少量的η相粉末及等摩尔量的工业炭黑后,WC-10Co中的WC晶粒出现了明显的板状特征,随η相粉末加入量增多,板状WC晶粒数量增多;在总球磨时间不变的前提下,随η相粉末在基体中球磨时间增加,板状WC晶粒的分布越来越均匀。所得到的板状WC晶粒是η相在950~1 200℃之间与WC-Co基体中扩散来的C原子碳化反应后生成不同形貌的WC孪晶得来的,且碳化速度是影响WC孪晶形貌的关键因素。相对于相同Co含量的传统硬质合金,板状WC晶粒均匀分布的硬质合金密度基本保持不变,硬度提高0.7%,强度提高6%,断裂韧性提高17%。     

高能球磨和放电等离子体烧结制备超细WC-8Co硬质合金

以0 .8 1μm的WC粉和1.3 5 μm的Co粉为原料,采用高能球磨制备了粉末比表面积为6.82m2 ·g- 1 ,粉末粒度为5 9.4nm的WC 8Co混合粉末。将此纳米粉末采用放电等离子体烧结(SPS)制备了WC晶粒度为0 .5～0 .6μm、硬度为HRA93 .5的超细硬质合金。研究了SPS烧结温度和添加晶粒抑制剂对显微组织与HRA硬度的影响。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.