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1.
Pupil stability is one of the factors which limit the performance and operational stability of adaptive optics (AO) systems. This paper analyses two pupil-tracking methods to measure the lateral pupil shift: the first one utilizes the fluxes in all outer edge sub-apertures of a Shack–Hartmann sensor and the second one utilizes the real-time interaction matrix used in an AO system. Experiments with 9?×?9 Shack–Hartmann sensor are conducted to verify both pupil-tracking algorithms. The results show that both algorithms are effective, after two correction steps, the residual pupil shift is reduced to less than 5% of a Shack–Hartmann sub-aperture.  相似文献   

2.
As a wavefront sensor, the Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor plays an important role in the wavefront measurement of human eyes. However, the low measurement accuracy and the small dynamic range of Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor limit its application. In this paper, we present a matched-filter algorithm to improve the measurement accuracy by more than an order of magnitude. Moreover, we also introduce a new algorithm to extend the dynamic range of Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor. With this method, the recorded spots of Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor are not constrained to stay in the corresponding pixel area of the microlens. The result shows that the dynamic range can be extended from 57.1 to 160% for the first 24 items of Zernike wavefronts, respectively. The improvement by our methods makes the Shack–Hartmann more suitable for the measurement of highly aberrated eyes.  相似文献   

3.
    
A non-contact method for analysing the image quality of old and delicate optical instruments is proposed. The technique is based on the use of a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor to obtain the Zernike coefficients of the wavefront at a certain plane, the application of our own software for the calculation of the point spread function (PSF) and a later convolution with the Gaussian image of the object to simulatethe image seen through the instrument. We have applied this technique to a terrestrial telescope from the beginning of the twentieth century. In order to test the quality of the method, the simulated PSFs and images are compared with the real ones. The main advantage of this method lies in the fact that the tested instruments do not suffer any harm due to dismantling or excessive manipulation required to transport it to outdoor observation areas.  相似文献   

4.
自适应系统中哈特曼波前传感器光斑质心的最佳标定位置   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
自适应光学系统中采用CCD作为哈特曼波前传感器的光斑质心位置探测器时,由于光斑的高斯宽度较小会带来大采样误差.针对该问题,本文详细分析了采样误差形成的原因,建立了采样误差、位移敏感度和开环动态范围与光斑高斯宽度、光斑位置以及子孔径大小的数学模型,提出标定时光斑质心的最佳位置是子孔径中心四像素的中心.因为在该位置处,CCD的质心探测具有闭环时采样误差为0,位移敏感度最大,且开环时动态范围最大的特点,为哈特曼波前传感器的标定方法的研究提供了理论依据.  相似文献   

5.
从斜率复原波前是夏克-哈特曼波前传感器这一类斜率采样探测器的核心流程.传统的复原算法中,区域法对局部波前的复原效果好,但易受斜率噪声的影响,同时空间分辨率较低;模式法抗噪能力强,但没有精确复原局部波前的能力.本文提出了基于B样条函数的快速复原算法,将波前展开为B样条曲面的线性组合,并将复原问题从斜率最小二乘问题转化为泊...  相似文献   

6.
根据光波在介质中的传播规律,首先详细分析了全光路像差校正自适应光学系统的工作原理,然后对常规方法标定共模波前传感器后的系统校正残余误差作了分析,并从校正残余误差和操作的简易程度两个方面分析了常规方法标定共模波前传感器存在的缺点,最后针对全光路像差校正自适应光学系统的特点,提出了两种新的共模波前传感器标定方法,详细推导了两种方法标定共模波前传感器后全系统的校正残余误差.结果显示,两种方法标定共模波前传感器后,其校正残余误差只与常规方法标定共模波前传感器后系统的校正残余误差中的一种误差有关.  相似文献   

7.
一种新型的自基准哈特曼波前传感器   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
曹根瑞  朱秋东  苏鹏 《光电工程》2004,31(6):1-4,33
根据波前径向斜率测量原理,提出一种利用五棱镜扫描方法实现了新型自基准哈特曼波前传感器,其突出优点和特点是毋需任何外部信标或标准大平面反射镜提供工作基准。理论分析和实验结果表明,该传感器波前传感灵敏度与干涉仪相当,而对工作环境和光源并无苛刻要求,可用于天基主动光学系统、地基天文望远镜和大口径平行光管等的装校检验。  相似文献   

8.
通过Zernike模式波前重构算法进行计算机仿真计算,对扇形子孔径布局的Hartmann-Shack波前传感器探测性能进行仿真研究,对比分析了方形子孔径布局Hartmann-Shack波前传感器的探测性能.结果表明,扇形子孔径布局是一种有效的Hartmann-Shack波前传感器的布局方式,在低子孔径密度且径数目差异不多的条件下,比方形孔径布局探测精度更高.  相似文献   

9.
通过对几何光学和物理光学模型的数值计算,分析了自适应光学系统中小像差畸变波前在空间自由传播时自身的变化情况,进而给出了系统中对变形镜和波前探测器与被校正瞳面之间共轭位置关系的要求和允许范围.结果表明,波前自由传播时的变化程度决定于像差自身的类型和大小、光束的口径以及传播的距离,大口径小像差波前近距离传播时波前变化误差很小.一般来说,变形镜和波前传感器偏离被校正瞳面共轭位置距离满足菲涅尔数大于1000时,对系统校正效果的影响可以忽略.实际应用中,应该根据校正对象的特征来具体计算波前误差随传播距离的变化,从而设计波前传感器和变形镜的位置,以及选择使用4F光学系统.本文的分析可以为自适应光学系统的整体光路设计提供一定理论参考.  相似文献   

10.
为了使夏克-哈特曼波前传感器(SHWFS)能保证精度的同时又能获得更大的动态范围,介绍了一种用于SHWFS的自动子孔径搜索与匹配算法.该方法在实施时,先根据待测量图像计算背景阈值,然后以减闽值后的图像中心位置的一个光斑为参考光斑的参考中心,按图像的横、纵方向依次搜索其它光斑点,接着将搜索的结果拼接起来得到所有孔径的分布,最后根据两幅图像得到的各自的子孔径分布按横、纵方向平移进行配准,以达到最优的匹配结果.文中利用实验对本论文提出的方法进行了验证.结果表明,本文提出的方法能够实现SHWFS的子孔径搜索与匹配,提高哈特曼的动态范围.  相似文献   

11.

变形反射镜是自适应光学系统的核心部件,也是开展自适应光学技术研究的首要研究对象。本文首先介绍了中国科学院光电技术研究所从事自适应光学特别是变形反射镜技术研究的历史背景,简述了光电所变形反射镜技术早期的发展脉络。然后介绍了光电所研制的变形反射镜在我国历代惯性约束聚变系统中的应用情况,也介绍了在天文光学观测领域典型的多单元变形镜技术及应用成果,随后还介绍了应用于生物医学等领域的紧凑型变形反射镜的发展情况和研究现状。最后介绍了光电所在变形反射镜技术新方向的研究情况。

  相似文献   

12.
姜文汉 《光电工程》2018,45(3):170489-1-170489-15

自适应光学(AO)是校正动态光学波前误差的技术。本文概述了近50年来AO的发展历程,包括发展初期,“星球大战”期间美国的发展,以及在地基高分辨力成像望远镜,激光系统(特别是惯性约束聚变)以及眼科等方面的应用,此外还给出AO的发展趋势。通过引用每一项技术发展,首创者的首篇文献,给出了比较清晰的发展脉络。

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13.
    
The accuracy of a confocal signal-based wavefront corrector depends on several parameters such as spatial variation of optical properties within the specimen, aberration magnitude and composition, time required for the correction, etc. Here, a numerical analysis has been performed with the aim to improve system performance. The goal of the search algorithm in a confocal signal-based wavefront corrector is to estimate the Zernike coefficients of the aberrations. High-magnitude aberrations show low Strehl ratios. Repeating the correction process results in higher Strehl ratios, but at the cost of increased time. An in-focus on-axis specimen results in higher Strehl ratio compared to an out-of-focus and off-optical-axis specimen. For all cases, the wavefront correction accuracy is better, when the diameter of the pinhole is chosen to be equal to that of the Airy disk. The lower limit on the pinhole size for detecting small magnitude aberrations is set by noise.  相似文献   

14.
A modal wavefront sensor for ocular aberrations exhibits two main advantages compared to a conventional Shack–Hartmann sensor. As the wavefront is detected in the Fourier plane, the method is robust against local loss of information (e.g. local opacity of ocular lens as in the case of cataract), and is not dependent on the spatial distribution of wavefront sampling. We have proposed a novel method of wavefront sensing for ocular aberrations that directly detects the strengths of Zernike aberrations. A multiplexed Fourier computer-generated hologram has been designed as the binary phase element (BPE) for the detection of second-order and higher-order ocular aberrations (HOAs). The BPE design has been validated by comparing the simulated far-field pattern with the experimental results obtained by displaying it on a spatial light modulator. Simulation results have demonstrated the simultaneous wavefront detection with an accuracy better that ~λ/30 for a measurement range of ±2.1λ with reduced cross-talk. Sensor performance is validated by performing a numerical experiment using the City data set for test waves containing second-order and HOAs and measurement errors of 0.065?µm peak-to-valley (PV) and 0.08?µm (PV) have been obtained, respectively.  相似文献   

15.
基于脉动阵列的自适应光学实时波前处理机设计   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对自适应光学系统对波前处理机高计算量、高实时性的要求,本文提出了一种基于脉动阵列的自适应光学实时波前处理方法.该方法将脉动阵列的概念引入波前处理机设计,完成了波前斜率计算、复原运算和控制运算向脉动阵列的映射,合理地建立了数据的深度流水线,同时分析了以FPGA技术实现时系统的计算延时.对于48个子孔径,61单元的自适应光学系统,以一片Xilinx Virex-Ⅱ XC2V3000芯片实现了基于脉动阵列的实时波前处理机,实验测得计算延时仅8.6μs,结果表明该方法能极大地提高系统的实时性,集成度、通用性和扩展性.  相似文献   

16.
周鑫  李新阳 《光电工程》2021,48(10):210288-1-210288-10
实际自适应光学控制系统中存在的时间延迟,导致校正器生成的校正面形与实际的波前畸变不匹配,产生校正滞后误差。基于大气冻结湍流假设,提出了一种基于运动估计的波前畸变预测方法,来补偿时间延迟带来的影响。方法具体采用模板匹配算法,根据参考帧和当前帧的波前复原图像进行大气湍流运动方向估计,然后对当前帧进行移动处理来实现对下一帧图像的预测。通过采用不同采样频率、不同横向风速度的仿真数据对比,评估预测方法的适用范围,讨论回溯帧数对预测效果的影响。也与采用最小递归二乘(RLS)模式预测方法的预测效果进行比较。仿真结果显示,在波前复原图像变化趋势较为明显的情况下,即横向风对大气湍流变化影响占主导地位时,方法表现更好,使得在天气较为恶劣的情况下仍能保持更佳的预测效果。最后使用实际天狼星观测数据对预测方法进行验证,整体仍保持预测效果。  相似文献   

17.
    
Abstract

The wavefront sensor is used in adaptive optics to detect the atmospheric distortion, which feeds back to the deformable mirror to compensate for this distortion. Different from the Shack–Hartmann sensor that has been widely used with point sources, the plenoptic camera wavefront sensor has been proposed as an alternative wavefront sensor adequate for extended objects in recent years. In this paper, the plenoptic camera wavefront sensing with extended sources is discussed systematically. Simulations are performed to investigate the wavefront measurement error and the closed-loop performance of the plenoptic sensor. The results show that there are an optimal lenslet size and an optimal number of pixels to make the best performance. The RMS of the resulting corrected wavefront in closed-loop adaptive optics system is less than 108 nm (0.2λ) when D/r0 ≤ 10 and the magnitude M ≤ 5. Our investigation indicates that the plenoptic sensor is efficient to operate on extended sources in the closed-loop adaptive optics system.  相似文献   

18.
李枫  耿超  黄冠  杨燕  李新阳 《光电工程》2018,45(4):170691-1-170691-10
提出了一种基于光纤耦合的光纤激光阵列像差探测方法,介绍了其结构和波前复原过程,采用数值仿真模拟其复原湍流像差的过程,并进行了7单元自适应光纤准直器(AFOC)阵列复原静态像差的实验。仿真结果表明,本文提出的波前传感方法能够有效复原出湍流畸变波前,且对于不同单元数的六边形排布阵列,存在不同的最优复原阶数。阵列填充因子的降低会增大复原残差,填充因子大于0.8可保证复原残差RMS相较于填充因子为1时的增幅不超过10%。实验结果表明,利用填充因子为0.875的7单元AFOC阵列,复原以离焦为主的低阶像差时,初始畸变波前RMS为0.433 μm,复原残差小于0.075 μm。仿真和实验结果验证了本文提出的基于光纤耦合的光纤激光阵列像差探测方法的有效性。该技术有望在激光阵列大气传输及湍流校正等系统中得到进一步应用。  相似文献   

19.
一种封闭空间自适应有源噪声控制系统优化方法   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
将遗传算法(GA)引人封闭空间自适应有原噪声控制(AANC)系统优化设计,以解决长期以来缺乏有效的确定封闭空间次级声源和误差传感器最优位置方法的问题。以小阻尼矩形空间为例,进行了计算机仿真。结果证明:此方法对封闭空间AANC系统优化是有效的。  相似文献   

20.
杨泽平  李恩德  张小军  凡木文  施宁平  魏凌  龙国云 《光电工程》2018,45(3):180049-1-180049-8

本文介绍了为“神光-Ⅲ”主机装置研制的五十套工程化自适应光学系统,包括系统技术方案,基于可拆卸技术的大口径变形镜和具有自动对准功能的哈特曼波前传感器两主要部件的性能,测量并分析了波前特性,系统校正结果表明:自适应光学系统改善了主机装置的光束质量,满足10倍衍射极限范围内激光能量大于95%的指标要求,确保“神光-Ⅲ”主机装置激光在主放大系统内的传输顺畅。

  相似文献   

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