Switchable dual-wavelength fiber laser mode-locked by monolayer graphene on D-shaped fiber

A switchable mode-locking fiber laser is demonstrated by means of a monolayer graphene saturable absorber (SA) based on a D-shaped fiber. The monolayer graphene, which is grown by chemical vapor deposition, is transferred onto the D-shaped fiber and then the light–graphene interaction via the evanescent field of the fiber is enhanced greatly. Using such a graphene-based SA, the single-wavelength mode locking can be switched from 1531.5 to 1559.1 nm by appropriately adjusting the polarization controller (PC). In addition, the stable dual-wavelength mode-locking operation is also observed at the proper state of PC.     

Passively mode-locked fiber laser sensor for acoustic pressure sensing

The development is reported of a multi-longitudinal mode fiber laser sensor based on passive mode locking employing carbon nanotubes in the laser cavity. A polymer membrane is employed beneath the pre-strained erbium-doped fiber (EDF) to convert the sound pressure disturbance into axial strain, alter the cavity length, and induce a shift of the longitudinal modes beat. Hence, acoustic pressure measurement can be carried out by detecting the shift of the beat frequency. Experimental results show comparable strain and sound pressure sensitivity of ~0.5 kHz/με and 147.2 Hz/Pa, respectively. The proposed sensor is an alternative for the measurement of acoustic pressure and possesses the advantages of good stability and ease of interrogation.     

Bound-state solitons in a linear-cavity fiber laser mode-locked by single-walled carbon nanotubes

The bound-state solitons generated from a nanotube-mode-locked linear-cavity fiber laser are experimentally observed and numerically simulated for the first time to author’s best knowledge. Two chirped fiber Bragg gratings are exploited as the mirrors for the proposed laser. The pulse duration of solitons is about 6.3?ps and the pulse-to-pulse separation is about 23?ps in the experimental observations. Numerical simulations confirm the experimental results and agree well with the experimental observations. Both experimental and numerical results show that the bound-state solitons are strongly stable.     

有理数谐波锁模SOA光纤环形激光器数值研究

采用自再现理论,对工作在有理数谐波锁模时的半导体光放大器(SOA)光纤环形激光器进行了研究.为了获得振幅均衡的有理数谐波锁模脉冲,必须在原有的实验装置中添加一个掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)以提高注入调制光信号功率.数值结果表明,调制SOA的偏置电流和注入调制光信号功率对有理数谐波锁模脉冲的振幅均衡度都存在较大影响.合理选择调制SOA的偏置电流和注入调制光信号功率,可获得2～5阶振幅均衡的有理数谐波锁模脉冲序列.     

Dual wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser using a tapered fiber

A tapered fiber is fabricated by heating and stretching a piece of optical fiber after the polymer protective cladding has been removed. An equidistant comb-like transmission spectrum, with a spacing of 1.6?nm and an extinction ratio of more than 5?dB, was obtained by the tapered fiber due to the multibeam interferences of the cladding modes. The tapered fiber was applied in a ring erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) to generate dual-wavelength lasing oscillations. The EDFL operates at wavelengths of 1557.0?nm and 1558.6?nm with a stable peak power and a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 40?dB.     

Ultrafast stretched-pulse fiber laser mode-locked by carbon nanotubes

Ultrafast fiber sources having short pulses, broad bandwidth, high energy, and low amplitude fluctuations have widespread applications. Stretched-pulse fiber lasers, incorporating segments of normal and anomalous dispersion fibers, are a preferred means to generate such pulses. We realize a stretched-pulse fiber laser based on a nanotube saturable absorber, with 113 fs pulses, 33.5 nm spectral width and ?0.07% amplitude fluctuation, outperforming current nanotube-based designs.     

Generation of stable and narrow spacing dual-wavelength ytterbium-doped fiber laser using a photonic crystal fiber

Abstract

We demonstrate the design and operation of novel narrow spacing and stable dual-wavelength fiber laser (DWFL). A 70-cm ytterbium-doped fiber has been chosen as the gain medium in a ring cavity arrangement. Our design includes a short length photonic crystal fiber, acting as a dual-wavelength stabilizer based on its birefringence coefficient and nonlinear behavior and tunable band pass filter (TBPF) to achieve narrow spacing spectrum lasing. Our laser output is considered to be highly stable, with power fluctuation less than 0.8 dB over a period of 15 min. The flexibility and tunability of TBPF, together with polarization controller enable the spacing tuning of the DWFL from 0.03 nm up to 0.07 nm for 1040 nm region, and 0.10 nm up to 0.40 nm for 1060 nm region. The tunable wavelength spacing shows the flexibility of the DWFL in addition to stable and reliable properties of fiber laser in 1-μm region.     

基于复合式微纳光纤锁模器件的单腔多光频梳技术研究

光纤滤波器与锁模器件作为实现波长复用式单腔双光频梳光源的核心组件受到了研究者们的广泛关注。针对传统滤波器对偏振敏感、制作工艺复杂的问题,研制了一种基于微纳光纤的复合式器件,采用熔融拉锥方式进行微纳器件的制作,利用模间干涉产生滤波效应,利用热泳效应实现光沉积。将该复合器件应用于环形腔中,实现了1532,1543,1555 nm 的多波长锁模,且在不同偏振态下,波长漂移均不高于0.2 nm。该复合器件为实现单腔双光频梳、单腔三光频梳提供了新的解决方案,对于促进多光频梳技术在精密测量等领域的应用具有重要意义。     

光纤饱和吸收体稳频窄线宽光纤激光器

结合光纤饱和吸收体与光纤光栅法布里-珀罗标准具,研制出了全光纤结构1550nm单频窄线宽掺铒光纤环形激光器.采用两个976nm激光二极管双向抽运作为抽运源,高掺杂浓度铒光纤作为增益介质,以行波腔消除空间烧孔效应,利用光纤光栅法布里-珀罗标准具窄带选模特性,以10m长低掺铒光纤饱和吸收体稳频,得到了十分稳定的窄线宽激光输出.激光器抽运阈值功率21mW,在抽运光功率为145mW时输出光功率39mW,斜率效率30%,信噪比大于50dB.采用延迟自外差方法精确测量光纤激光器线宽小于10kHz.     

Optical measurement in carbon nanotubes formation by pulsed laser ablation

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were produced by laser ablation of a graphite composite target in argon and nitrogen ambient gas. To investigate the effect of nitrogen gas on CNTs formation, the plasma plume was examined using optical emission spectroscopy. The vibrational temperature of C₂ molecules was estimated by fitting of a Swan band spectrum. The temperature in N₂ ambient gas is lower than that in Ar ambient gas. In a nitrogen atmosphere, the spectrum intensity of C₂ Swan band was enhanced and CN violet system was also observed. Soot collected in the reaction tube was observed using FE-SEM and TEM. The soot deposited in the nitrogen gas contained more bundled CNTs than those in Ar ambience.     

Grafting carbon nanotubes onto carbon fiber by use of dendrimers

A novel method is developed for grafting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto the carbon fiber (CF) surface by use of dendrimers. CF surface is functionalized by an adsorbed dendrimers layer. After an oxidation treatment, CNTs with carboxyl, carbonyl or hydroxyl groups are grafted onto the amino-functionalized CFs via chemical interactions. Homogeneous multi-scale structures with different CNT densities and lengths are gained successfully. Functional groups and morphology of the resulting materials are examined by X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).     

Wavefront error caused by centroid position random error

The wavefront error caused by centroid position random error is derived in detail, and an exact formula, which evaluates the wavefront error associated with the centroid position random error, is obtained when the Zernike modes are used as the basis for wavefront reconstruction. The formula is proved by two Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensors with different wavefront reconstruction matrices, and it can precisely describe the wavefront measuring error caused by centroid position random error.     

Multi-wavelength Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser with photonic crystal fiber and multi-walled carbon nanotubes

A simple multi-wavelength passively Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) is demonstrated using low-cost multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-based saturable absorber, which is prepared using polyvinyl alcohol as a host polymer. The multi-wavelength operation is achieved based on non-linear polarization rotation effect by incorporating 50?m long photonic crystal fiber in the ring cavity. The EDFL produces a stable multi-wavelength comb spectrum for more than 14 lines with a fixed spacing of 0.48?nm. The laser also demonstrates a stable pulse train with the repetition rate increasing from 14.9 to 25.4?kHz as the pump power increases from the threshold power of 69.0?mW to the maximum pump power of 133.8?mW. The minimum pulse width of 4.4?μs was obtained at the maximum pump power of 133.8?mW while the highest energy of 0.74 nJ was obtained at the pump power of 69.0?mW.     

碳纳米管浸润剂对碳纤维/环氧树脂界面性能的影响

制备了含碳纳米管(CNTs)的水溶液, 将该水溶液作为浸润剂浸渍碳纤维并进行烘干, 采用扫描电镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了CNTs含量及浸润工艺对碳纤维表面CNTs分布的影响, 运用单丝断裂法分析了CNTs浸润剂处理对碳纤维/环氧树脂界面粘结性能的影响和作用机制。结果表明: CNTs可在T700和T300纤维表面黏附, 浸润剂中CNTs含量越高, CNTs在纤维表面含量越高; 对于CNTs含量较低的浸润剂, 采用增加浸润次数的方法, 能有效提高碳纤维表面CNTs的含量和碳纤维表面粗糙度; 经过CNTs浸润剂处理后, 碳纤维/树脂界面处的机械啮合作用增强, 界面粘结强度明显提高, 增幅最高达35.8%。     

Effect of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation on multi-walled carbon nanotubes film

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) film have been analyzed by Raman spectroscopy to clarify the effect of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser heating. The MWCNTs film surface was flashed with the fundamental harmonic (λ = 1064 nm) or the second harmonic (λ = 532 nm) of a single pulse of Nd:YAG laser in the air. The dynamics of pulsed nanosecond laser heating process was simulated by the solution of the one-dimensional heat conduction equation. At the laser fluence of 500 mJ/cm² with Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm), the surface reached the maximum temperature 1395 °C at 12 ns. Moreover, the Raman spectroscopy of MWCNTs films before and after irradiation were measured. The intensity of the two characteristic Raman shifts I_D (defect-mode) and I_G (graphite-mode) was measured by the Raman spectroscopy. The maximum surface temperature was calculated and compared with the I_G/I_D ratio of MWCNTs film. The graphitization occurred on the sample after irradiation.     

复合二维材料GO-MoS2锁模掺铒光纤激光器

为了提升MoS2可饱和吸收体在脉冲激光器中的稳定性和工作性能,本论文采用氧化石墨烯(GO)作为胶体表面活性剂,通过LPE的方法剥离出少层MoS2,并进一步开展了少层GO-MoS2用于掺铒光纤激光器(EDFL)锁模的实验研究。在实验中获得了中心波长为1558 nm,重复频率为7.86 MHz,脉宽为1.9 ps的稳定锁模脉冲激光。当泵浦功率为60.5 mW时,输出功率为0.48 mW,脉冲峰值功率为32.1 W。研究证明,采用这种方法制备的新型复合二维材料有利于保持少层MoS2的稳定性,并且能提高MoS2可饱和吸收体的损伤阈值,以获取更大脉冲能量的超快激光。     

Apodized distributed feedback fiber laser as an optical filter

The potential was investigated of using distributed feedback fiber lasers (DFB-FLs) with different apodizations for C-band optical filtering. Design optimizations were carried out, to mainly target ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) filtering specifications. Optimization led to choice of the positive-tanh apodization profile as being the most suitable for UDWDM filtering specifications.     

碳纳米管有序排列对碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料低温性能的影响

为了提高碳纤维增强环氧树脂(CF/EP)复合材料在低温(77K)循环条件下的抗微裂纹性能,采用共沉淀法制备了具有良好顺磁性的Fe_3O_4修饰氧化碳纳米管(Fe_3O_4-O—MWCNTs),并研究了Fe_3O_4-O—MWCNTs在环氧树脂(EP)基体中的有序排列对EP及CF/EP复合材料低温性能的影响。结果表明:Fe_3O_4-O—MWCNTs的有序排列可有效提高EP基体的低温力学性能及降低EP基体的热膨胀系数,相对于纯EP,Fe_3O_4-O—MWCNTs改性EP的热膨胀系数降低了41.6%;相对于CF/EP复合材料,Fe_3O_4-O—MWCNTs改性CF/EP复合材料在低温环境下的微裂纹密度降低了56.2%。     

MoO3-氧化碳纳米管改性玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

为改善玻璃纤维/环氧树脂(GF/EP)复合材料的耐摩擦磨损性能,采用真空抽滤法制备柔性MoO₃纳米带-氧化碳纳米管膜(m-MoO₃-OCNTs),并结合真空辅助树脂转移模塑(VARTM)工艺制备m-MoO₃-OCNTs改性GF/EP (m-MoO₃-OCNTs-(GF/EP))复合材料。结果表明,m-MoO₃-OCNTs显著提高了GF/EP复合材料的导热系数和自润滑性能,在干摩擦测试条件下,可在m-MoO₃-OCNTs-(GF/EP)复合材料与对偶面之间形成有效传递摩擦热的高质量连续转移膜;与GF/EP复合材料相比,m-MoO₃-OCNTs-(GF/EP)复合材料的耐摩擦磨损磨性能提高了约4倍。     

Large-area, high-speed patterning of carbon nanotubes using material-assisted excimer laser photoablation

Large-area patterning of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a nonlithographic process is demonstrated. Projection imaging with deep ultraviolet radiation from 248 nm KrF excimer laser and material-assisted photoablation were used to pattern the CNTs. A matrix of CNTs dissolved in a DMF solution was deposited on a silicon wafer by spin coating, followed by coating of photodefinable polyimide on the CNTs. The CNTs and the polyimide layer were simultaneously patterned by the excimer laser projection photoablation process. Even though CNTs cannot be directly photoablated by low-fluence excimer laser radiation, simultaneous patterning of the illuminated CNT-polyimide combination region occurred due to the physical force of dissociated fragments of polyimide layer. We have demonstrated clean, large-area patterning of CNTs on 100 mm diameter Si wafers. Additionally, this patterning process is economical and provides higher throughput compared with conventional methods.