碳纳米管/镍基复合镀层的腐蚀行为

采用复合沉积方法在普通碳钢基底上沉积碳纳米管／镍基复合镀层。用腐蚀实验、电化学方法研究了复合镀层在3．5％NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能，并讨论了其耐腐蚀机理，对普通碳钢和纯镍镀层也进行了比较研究。结果表明：碳纳米管的加入显著提高了复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能；耐腐蚀的原因在于碳纳米管的复合镀层更加致密，隔离了腐蚀介质，并阻止了蚀坑的增大，同时，碳纳米管促进了镍的纯化，从而提高镀层的耐蚀性。     

An experimental bone defect healing with hydroxyapatite coating plasma sprayed on carbon/carbon composite implants

Hydroxyapatite coatings with proper thickness were coated on fusion-cage-like carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite implants for bone tissue reconstruction by the plasma spraying technique. Autogenously bone filled fusion-cage-like implants were grafted in hybrid goats' tibia for 328 days. By means of X-ray photography, histological observation and scanning electron microscopy, the biological behaviors of the coating were compared with the pure carbon fiber reinforced carbon composites and the bone defect healing effect of the implants was evaluated. The results indicated that hydroxyapatite coating has more obvious osteoconductive effect than the pure carbon fiber reinforced carbon composites with surface bioinert. The calcium and phosphorus ions leached from HA provide a suitable biological mineralization environment that accelerates the metabolism of bone, the osteoblast differentiation and collagen synthesis. The coating can significantly speed up the bone defect healing process and improve the surface bioactivity of carbon fiber reinforced carbon composites.     

Electroless plating Ni-P matrix composite coating reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Ni-P matrix composite coating reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was deposited by electroless plating. The most important factors that influence the content of carbon nanotubes in deposits, such as agitation, surfactant and carbon nanotubes concentration in the plating bath were investigated. The surface morphology, structure and properties of the Ni-P-CNTs coating were examined. It is found that the maximum content of carbon nanotubes in the deposits is independent of carbon nanotubes concentration in the plating bath when it is up to 5 mg/L. The test results show that the carbon nanotubes co-deposited do not change the structure of the Ni-P matrix of the composite coating, but greatly increase the hardness and wear resistance and decrease the friction coefficient of the Ni-PCNTs composite coating with increasing content of carbon nanotubes in deposits.     

Functionally graded NiTi strips prepared by laser surface anneal

In this study, two-dimensional functionally graded NiTi thin plates were created by laser surface scanning anneal. Owing to the natural degradation of heat penetrating into the material, a temperature gradient within the thickness was created by laser surface interaction and heat conduction. A microstructural gradient was created due to partial annealing within the temperature field. The microstructural variation through the thickness was characterized by hardness measurement and layered differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The microstructural gradient led to a unique shape memory effect, involving shape change in two opposite directions upon one heating, analogous to stingray motion. Such behaviour also experiences enlarged temperature windows for both the forward and reverse martensitic transformations, rendering high controllability of actuation.     

Microstructure and wear properties of TiC/FeCrBSi surface composite coating prepared by laser cladding

Titanium carbide particles reinforced Fe-based surface composite coatings were fabricated by laser cladding using a 5 kW CO₂ laser. The microstructure, phase structure and wear properties were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, as well as dry sliding wear test. The results showed that TiC carbides were formed via in situ reaction between ferrotitanium and graphite in the molten pool during the laser-clad process. The morphology of TiC is mainly cubic and dendritic form; and the TiC carbides were distributed uniformly in the composite coating. The TiC/matrix interface was found to be free from cracks and deleterious phases. The coatings reinforced by TiC particles revealed higher wear resistance and lower friction coefficient than that of the substrate and FeCrBSi laser-clad coating.     

Properties of copper/graphite/carbon nanotubes composite reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Electroless Cu plating was used for flake G powder and CNTs, Cu-G-CNTs (copper/graphite/carbon nanotubes) composites were manufactured by means of powder metallurgical method. The influences of CNTs on the mechanical properties, conductivity properties, friction, and wear performance of the composite were examined. The results indicate that adding a small amount of CNTs can improve comprehensive property of the composites, especially mechanical property. However, excessive CNT, which is easily winding reunion and grain boundary segregation, results in performances degradation.     

Laser cladding of SiC/Si composite coating on Si-SiC ceramic substrates

Pieces of silicon infiltrated silicon carbide (Si-SiC) were coated with a SiC particles reinforced Si matrix composite (SiC/Si) obtained from mixtures of SiC + SiO₂ and SiC + Si by laser cladding. A Nd:YAG pulsed laser delivering an average power of 920 W was used to apply such coatings using the powder blowing technique. The results demonstrate that the use of the SiC + SiO₂ powder mixture produces a severe damage on the base material, whereas the use of the SiC + Si mixture leads to the formation of sound coatings without substrate damage. XRD and nanoindentation measurements corroborate the production of silicon carbides surrounded by a metallic silicon matrix. This method could be used for repairing surface defects of silicon infiltrated silicon carbide ceramics (Si-SiC).     

激光熔覆Fe-W合金涂层的组织及性能

以纯钨粉末为熔覆材料,采用同轴送粉激光熔覆技术,在Q235A钢表面制备了Fe-W合金耐磨涂层.利用X射线衍射（XRD）、光学显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）及能谱（EDS）对熔覆层的显微组织进行了分析,用显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机对熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性进行了测试.结果表明,熔覆层与基底冶金结合,无明显裂纹或气孔,涂层内部由致密的粗大树枝状和短棒状Fe7W6增强相以及弥散分布的细小颗粒状Fe2W相组成,其均匀分布在α-Fe固溶体中.熔覆层平均硬度700 HV,为基材Q235A钢的3.5倍,同时耐磨性能也得到了显著提高.     

Corrosion studies of carbon nanotubes-Zn composite coating

Zn-carbon nanotubes composite coatings were obtained from a sulphate bath containing dispersed carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The electrochemical and weight loss measurements were made to find the corrosion behavior of composite coating. The presence of carbon nanotubes shifts the potential of zinc deposit to more positive values. The composite coatings were porous free and the service life of coating was examined by salt spray test. The electrochemical studies revealed higher resistance of composite coatings to corrosion. The surface morphology was investigated by recording the SEM images of coating before and after corrosion. The mechanism of action against corrosion was established.     

激光熔覆ZrB2-SiC增强Cu基复合涂层的微观结构与摩擦学性能

为了提高铜表面的强度和耐磨性,以复合粉末(Zr、Si、Ni包B4C、Cu)为原料,采用激光辅助原位合成技术,在纯铜基体表面制备了ZrB₂-SiC/Cu复合涂层。通过XRD、SEM和TEM分析了复合涂层的表面形貌、微观结构、相组成和界面结合,并测试了不同增强相含量熔覆层的硬度和摩擦学性能。结果表明：通过设计的原位化学反应成功在铜基体内合成了微米级针状ZrB₂和纳米级颗粒状SiC。增强相均与基体形成了清洁、无杂相的界面。2种不同维度与尺寸的增强体,通过多种强化机制,显著改善了复合涂层的力学性能;通过调整激光工艺参数可实现增强体尺寸的控制,随着增强相含量的提高,复合涂层的平均硬度和耐磨损性逐渐增加。当增强相含量为30%(质量分数,下同)时,复合涂层的平均硬度(HV0.2)为3028 MPa,约为纯铜的5.6倍。30%增强相涂层的载流磨损率与10%增强相的涂层相比,降低了约80%。较高含量增强相的复合涂层表现出优异的摩擦学性能。     

Characteristics of the functionally graded coating fabricated by plasma transferred arc centrifugal cladding

Iron-based powders were deposited on the internal wall of a cylinder by means of plasma transferred arc centrifugal cladding. The as-fabricated coating was a functionally graded triple layer coating with microstructures varying from hypereutectic firstly to near eutectic, and then to hypoeutectic structures along the radial direction. Significant enrichment of carbides [M₇C₃ and M₂₃(C, B)₆] was observed in the inner layer. The centrifugal force was responsible for the chemical composition gradient which resulted in the microstructures gradient. Theoretical analysis revealed that Cr, C and B atoms moved toward the inner layer whereas Fe, W and Mo atoms moved toward the outer layer under the effect of centrifugal force, which was confirmed by the quantitative analysis and line-scan profile. Wear resistance of the inner layer of the coating was fairly higher than that of the substrate.     

激光熔覆制备颗粒增强铁基复合涂层中马氏体亚结构

通过在Fe-C-Si-B粉末体系中添加强碳化物形成元素Ti的方法,激光熔覆制备了原位合成颗粒增强铁基复合涂层.用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对其微观组织进行了研究,重点分析了激光熔覆过程中马氏体的形成和亚结构的转变.结果表明,熔覆层无气孔和裂纹、组织均匀,是一种典型的亚共晶组织,由马氏体、莱氏体、残留奥氏体和原位生成的TiC颗粒组成.涂层中的马氏体是{211},<113>系片状孪晶马氏体,二次回火效应使得马氏体中析出了大量的具有纳米尺度的渗碳体,与马氏体具有一定的取向关系.     

等离子熔覆镍包WC/Fe-Cr-B-Si复合涂层微观组织

采用等离子熔覆技术在Q235钢表面制备了镍包WC含量(质量分数)分别为10%、30%、50%的WC/Fe-Cr-B-Si复合涂层。采用OM、SEM、EDS、XRD等手段研究了涂层的组织,利用显微硬度计测试了涂层的显微硬度。结果表明,添加10%镍包WC的涂层中WC几乎全部溶解,而在含30%、50%镍包WC涂层中均存在未溶解的WC,且在复合涂层微观组织演变中发现了明显不同的凝固特征,含10%、30%镍包WC的涂层主要是枝晶和枝晶间共晶的亚共晶组织;而在含50%镍包WC的涂层中是以初晶Fe3W3C为主和过共晶组织。添加10%、30%、50%镍包WC的复合涂层显微硬度分别为560~600、650~800、920~1100 HV0.2,硬度随WC含量的增加而提高。     

激光熔覆原位合成Cop/Cu复合涂层

采用激光熔覆快速凝固技术,原位合成了C为p/Cu复合材料涂层,应用扫描电镜及能谱附件研究了激光工艺参数对涂层显微组织的影响.结果表明,激光熔池大的过冷度条件,有利于Cu-Co合金的液相分离.在优化的激光熔覆工艺条件下.可原位合成表面光滑、均匀连续的致密Cop/Cu复合涂层,涂层组织由大量细小的均匀分布在铜基固溶体基体上的富γ-Co球形颗粒组成.随着热输入的降低,颗粒相的尺寸得到细化.对Cop/Cu复合涂层组织的形成和细化机理进行了分析.     

H13钢表面TiC/Co基激光修复层的显微组织与力学性能

采用激光熔覆技术在H13热作模具钢表面分别制备了Co50合金涂层和TiC/Co基复合涂层.借助XRD,SEM与显微硬度计对比分析了涂层与基材的结合状态、涂层物相组成、截面组织形貌和显微硬度分布.结果表明,Co50合金涂层和TiC/Co基复合涂层均与H13钢基材呈良好冶金结合特征.Co50合金涂层主要由初生γ-Co枝晶及其间的共晶组织组成,而TiC/Co基复合涂层主要由TiC颗粒、枝晶及细小的共晶组织组成,其组成相除含有TiC,TiCo₃和Cr₂Ni₃外,还有Cr-Ni-Fe-C等相.涂层截面显微硬度分布表明,TiC/Co基复合涂层截面平均显微硬度明显高于Co50合金涂层,分别为5520 MPa和4990 MPa,分别是H13钢基材的2.7和2.4倍.     

Preparation of Ti6Al4V/BG/HA graded coating by electrophoresis deposition in absolute alcohol medium

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＨｙｄｒｏｘｙａｐａｔｉｔｅ (ＨＡ ) ,ａｍａｊｏｒｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｓａｌｔｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｈｕｍａｎｂｏｎｅ ,ｈａｓｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｂｉｏｃｏｍｐａｔ ｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ ,ｓｏｉｔｃａｎｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｗｉｔｈｂｏｎｅｔｉｓｓｕｅｗｅｌｌｉｎｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｂｏｎｄａｆｔｅｒｉｔｉｓｉｍｐｌａｎｔｅｄｉｎｔｏｈｕｍａｎｂｏｄｙ[1,2 ] .Ｉｔｉｓａｇｏｏｄｂｏｎｅｆｉｌｌｅｒａｎｄｒｅｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔｍａ ｔｅｒｉａｌ;ｂｕｔｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｉｔｓｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｎ…     

激光熔覆制备颗粒增强Ni基复合涂层的组织结构

利用横流CO2激光器在45钢表面制备出原位自生TiB2陶瓷颗粒增强Ni基复合材料涂层。XRD分析表明,涂层中存在γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体及TiB2为主的陶瓷相。利用SEM、EDS、EPMA对涂层微区组织结构进行研究。结果表明,涂层内枝晶组织细小均匀,枝晶内和枝晶间存在明显的组织和成分差异。热影响区是以混合马氏体为主的组织。涂层显微硬度比基体显著提高。     

Sliding wear resistance of TiCp reinforced titanium composite coating produced by laser cladding

Titanium metal matrix composite coatings (MMC) are considered to be important candidates for high wear resistance applications. Laser cladding (LC) by coaxial powder feeding is an advanced coating manufacturing process, which involves laser processing fine powders into components directly from computer aided design (CAD) model.In this study, the LC process was employed to fabricate TiC particle reinforced Ti6Al4V MMC coatings on Ti6Al4V hot rolled samples.The experimental results show that during LC process, TiC particles are partially dissolved into melted Ti-base alloy and precipitated in the form of TiC dendrites during cooling.Dry sliding wear properties of these MMC layers have been compared with substrate materials wear. The observed wear mechanisms are summarized and related to detailed microstructural observations. The layers have been found to show improved tribological properties connected with the TiC_p addition and the LC process parameters.     

电沉积制备氧化石墨烯-羟基磷灰石复合涂层

采用电沉积方法在钛表面制备氧化石墨烯-羟基磷灰石(Graphene oxide/Hydroxyapatite,GO/HA)复合涂层,通过调整GO的浓度,研究GO对所得涂层晶体结构及生物学性能的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱分析所得涂层的表面形貌和物相构成,用SEM观察涂层表面MG63成骨样细胞生长情况。结果表明,电沉积法可在钛表面制备GO/HA复合涂层,且随GO浓度增加,HA结晶度增加。此外,复合涂层较单纯HA涂层更能促进成骨样细胞早期粘附。     

激光熔覆高铌Ti-Al金属间化合物复合涂层的原位反应机制及其微结构特征

通过激光熔覆增技术在BT3-1钛合金表面制备了高铌Ti-Al金属间化合物复合涂层。根据差热(DTA)和热重(TG)曲线,探讨了氩气和氮气保护下Ti、Al、Nb三种元素混合粉末之间的激光原位合成反应机制。借助X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析了复合涂层的物相结构和微观形貌。结果表明：复合涂层主要由单质Nb、金属间化合物γ-TiAl、α₂-Ti₃Al和Ti₃Al₂等物相组成,Nb只有部分发生了原位反应。N₂能够降低Ti-Al二元反应之间的反应温度,提高反应速率,对Ti-Al二元反应起催化作用。复合涂层中没出现通常激光熔覆所具有的外延生长柱状晶组织,而是形成了细小的等轴晶组织。