基于云边协同算力调度的高效边缘卸载研究

为了满足车载边缘计算网络(Vehicular Edge Computing,VEC)中低时延、高可靠、高传输速率等极致性能需求,亟需突破现有传统车联网中通信感知计算相互割裂的现状,基于云边端一体化与智能协同等算力网络技术设计一种高效的任务卸载策略成为解决方案。为此,提出一种云边协同智能驱动车载边缘算力网络架构,通过结合实时计算负载与网络状态条件,充分利用云中心、聚合服务器和MEC服务器的异构计算能力,权衡用户任务卸载策略,实现网络资源的全面协作和智能管理。考虑到计算型任务对时延和能耗的需求,将计算卸载策略建模为在通信与计算资源约束下的最小化长期系统成本的优化问题,并将其转化为马尔可夫决策过程(Markov Decision Process,MDP)。最后,鉴于车载网络的动态和随机特性,提出一种基于云边协同的深度Q网络(Cloud-Edge Collaborative Deep Q-Network,CEC-DQN)的高效计算卸载策略来解决MDP问题。仿真结果表明,与传统单点边缘服务器卸载或随机卸载算法相比,所提出的算法具有较高的性能提升,可有效解决多层次算力网络中节点算力分配不足、不均衡的问题。     

车载边缘计算卸载技术研究综述

通过将移动边缘计算技术应用在车联网,车载边缘计算技术可为车载用户提供低时延、高带宽、高可靠性的应用服务.首先详细介绍了车载边缘计算卸载技术的背景、意义以及本文的贡献.其次,分别概述了车载边缘计算卸载技术的网络架构、主要挑战以及应用场景.然后,从移动分析、卸载模式、资源协作和管理等多个维度全面综述了车载边缘计算卸载技术的...     

车联网云边协同计算场景下的多目标优化卸载决策

车联网场景下的计算任务对时延非常敏感,需要云边协同计算来满足这类需求。针对车联网云边协同计算场景下如何高效地进行服务卸载并同时考虑服务的卸载决策以及边缘服务器和云服务器的协同资源分配问题,设计了基于云边协同的车辆计算网络架构,在该架构下,车载终端、云服务器和边缘服务器都可以提供计算服务;通过对缓存任务进行分类并将缓存策略引入车联网场景,依次设计了缓存模型、时延模型、能耗模型、服务质量模型以及多目标优化问题模型;给出了一种基于改进的多目标优化免疫算法的卸载决策方案。最后,通过对比实验验证了所提卸载决策方案的有效性。     

大规模无线通信网络移动边缘计算和缓存研究

面向未来6G移动通信的大规模网络移动边缘计算与缓存技术,首先,介绍了大规模无线网络下移动边缘计算和缓存的架构与原理,并阐释了移动边缘计算和缓存技术在大规模无线网络中的必要性和普适性.接着,从计算卸载、边缘缓存、多维资源分配、用户关联和隐私保护这5个关键问题出发,综述和分析了移动边缘计算和缓存赋能大规模无线网络时会引入的...     

云雾混合网络下基于多智能体架构的资源分配及卸载决策研究

针对D2D辅助的云雾混合架构下资源分配及任务卸载决策优化问题,该文提出一种基于多智能体架构深度强化学习的资源分配及卸载决策算法.首先,该算法考虑激励约束、能量约束以及网络资源约束,联合优化无线资源分配、计算资源分配以及卸载决策,建立了最大化系统总用户体验质量(QoE)的随机优化模型,并进一步将其转化为MDP问题.其次,该算法将原MDP问题进行因式分解,并建立马尔可夫博弈模型.然后,基于行动者-评判家(AC)算法提出一种集中式训练、分布式执行机制.在集中式训练过程中,多智能体通过协作获取全局信息,实现资源分配及任务卸载决策策略优化,在训练过程结束后,各智能体独立地根据当前系统状态及策略进行资源分配及任务卸载.最后,仿真结果表明,该算法可以有效提升用户QoE,并降低了时延及能耗.     

一种基于车载边缘计算的可预测的任务卸载模型

解决计算密集型任务与车载计算设备资源匮乏之间的矛盾,目前常用的一种解决方案是将计算任务卸载到无线电接入网络的边缘.本文研究了车载边缘计算下的基于移动感知的计算任务卸载模型.考虑到车辆的移动性特性和任务的最大等待时间,本文通过联合优化任务卸载决策,通信和计算资源分配,使车辆选择最佳的卸载执行时间,以达到最大限度地降低系统...     

云雾混合网络下基于多智能体架构的资源分配及卸载决策研究

针对D2D辅助的云雾混合架构下资源分配及任务卸载决策优化问题,该文提出一种基于多智能体架构深度强化学习的资源分配及卸载决策算法。首先,该算法考虑激励约束、能量约束以及网络资源约束,联合优化无线资源分配、计算资源分配以及卸载决策,建立了最大化系统总用户体验质量(QoE)的随机优化模型,并进一步将其转化为MDP问题。其次,该算法将原MDP问题进行因式分解,并建立马尔可夫博弈模型。然后,基于行动者-评判家(AC)算法提出一种集中式训练、分布式执行机制。在集中式训练过程中,多智能体通过协作获取全局信息,实现资源分配及任务卸载决策策略优化,在训练过程结束后,各智能体独立地根据当前系统状态及策略进行资源分配及任务卸载。最后,仿真结果表明,该算法可以有效提升用户QoE,并降低了时延及能耗。     

基于深度强化学习的计算卸载与资源分配策略

为了扩大车载边缘网络的覆盖范围及其计算能力，提出了一种适用于空天地融合车载网的计算卸载架构。考虑计算任务的时延和能耗约束，以及空天地融合车载网的频谱、计算和存储约束，将计算卸载决策和资源分配的联合优化问题建模为一个混合整数非线性规划问题。基于强化学习方法，将原问题转换成一个马尔可夫过程，提出了一种深度强化学习算法以求解该问题，所提算法具有较好的收敛性。仿真结果表明，所提算法在任务时延和成功率方面优于其他算法。     

基于雾计算的智能工厂实时任务调度架构

针对传统的基于云的任务调度架构中没有充分利用智能工厂的资源,以及远距离传输导致高传输时延的问题,提出了一种基于雾计算的实时任务调度架构。设计了一种基于雾计算的智能工厂网络架构;考虑到工厂任务的时延敏感性和优先级特性,提出了一种基于动态优先级的任务调度模型,该模型被雾节点用来调度和执行等待队列中的任务;基于提出的网络架构和任务调度模型,提出了一种任务卸载策略,该策略可以被用于解决智能工厂中的资源利用问题。仿真结果证明了提出的实时任务调度架构在智能工厂中应用的可行性和有效性。     

基于移动路径预测的车载边缘计算卸载切换策略研究

车载云计算环境中的计算卸载存在回程网络延迟高、远程云端负载大等问题,车载边缘计算利用边缘服务器靠近车载终端,就近提供云计算服务的特点,在一定程度上解决了上述问题。但由于汽车运动造成的通信环境动态变化进而导致任务完成时间增加,为此该文提出一种基于移动路径可预测的计算卸载切换策略MPOHS,即在车辆移动路径可预测情况下,引入基于最小完成时间的计算切换策略,以降低车辆移动性对计算卸载的影响。实验结果表明,相对于现有研究,该文所提算法能够在减少平均任务完成时间的同时,减少切换次数和切换时间开销,有效降低汽车运动对计算卸载的影响。     

Joint offloading strategy based on quantum particle swarm optimization for MEC-enabled vehicular networks

With the development of the mobile communication technology, a wide variety of envisioned intelligent transportation systems have emerged and put forward more stringent requirements for vehicular communications. Most of computation-intensive and power-hungry applications result in a large amount of energy consumption and computation costs, which bring great challenges to the on-board system. It is necessary to exploit traffic offloading and scheduling in vehicular networks to ensure the Quality of Experience (QoE). In this paper, a joint offloading strategy based on quantum particle swarm optimization for the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) enabled vehicular networks is presented. To minimize the delay cost and energy consumption, a task execution optimization model is formulated to assign the task to the available service nodes, which includes the service vehicles and the nearby Road Side Units (RSUs). For the task offloading process via Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication, a vehicle selection algorithm is introduced to obtain an optimal offloading decision sequence. Next, an improved quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm for joint offloading is proposed to optimize the task delay and energy consumption. To maintain the diversity of the population, the crossover operator is introduced to exchange information among individuals. Besides, the crossover probability is defined to improve the search ability and convergence speed of the algorithm. Meanwhile, an adaptive shrinkage expansion factor is designed to improve the local search accuracy in the later iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed joint offloading strategy can effectively reduce the system overhead and the task completion delay under different system parameters.     

车辆网络多平台卸载智能资源分配算法

为了降低计算任务的时延和系统的成本,移动边缘计算(MEC)被用于车辆网络,以进一步改善车辆服务。该文在考虑计算资源的情况下对车辆网络时延问题进行研究,提出一种多平台卸载智能资源分配算法,对计算资源进行分配,以提高下一代车辆网络的性能。该算法首先使用K临近(KNN)算法对计算任务的卸载平台(云计算、移动边缘计算、本地计算)进行选择,然后在考虑非本地计算资源分配和系统复杂性的情况下,使用强化学习方法,以有效解决使用移动边缘计算的车辆网络中的资源分配问题。仿真结果表明,与任务全部卸载到本地或MEC服务器等基准算法相比,提出的多平台卸载智能资源分配算法实现了时延成本的显著降低,平均可节省系统总成本达80%。     

车联网中一种基于软件定义网络与移动边缘计算的卸载策略

在新兴的车联网络中,汽车终端请求卸载的任务对网络带宽、卸载时延等有着更加严苛的需求,而新型通信网络研究中移动边缘计算(MEC)的提出更好地解决了这一挑战。该文着重解决的是汽车终端进行任务卸载时卸载对象的匹配问题。文中引入了软件定义车载网络(SDN-V)对全局变量统一调度,实现了资源控制管理、设备信息采集以及任务信息分析。基于用户任务的差异化性质,定义了重要度的模型,在此基础上,通过设计任务卸载优先级机制算法,实现任务优先级划分。针对多目标优化模型,采用乘子法对非凸优化模型进行求解。仿真结果表明,与其他卸载策略相比,该文所提卸载机制对时延和能耗优化效果明显,能够最大程度地保证用户的效益。     

Cluster-PSO Based Resource Orchestration for Multi-task Applications in Vehicular Cloud

Vehicular cloud computing (VCC) provides a vehicular user attaching several resources with different types at the same time. Additionally, the vehicular applications especially for big data processing are always complicated and may be decomposed into several fine-grained tasks. When offloading the complicated multi-task application to the vehicular clouds, the task executes individually in terms of its own computation, storage and bandwidth requirement. Different from the task offloading in mobile cloud computing which aims to optimize the energy consumption, the important metric for vehicular users is the application delay. Moreover, the moving vehicles always have the similar resource properties and may form the solution clusters when finding the resource orchestration policy, which brings an opportunity of improving resource orchestration performance. In this paper, we formulate the VCC resource orchestration as an optimization problem, and propose a cluster-particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to obtain the resource orchestration policy. A fast cluster algorithm is used to divide the solution space and generate sub-swarms for better exploring the orchestration solutions. The experiment results show that the cluster-PSO algorithm can achieve a higher resource orchestration accuracy in an acceptable time comparing to the other PSO algorithms. Especially, when there are more tasks in an application and the vehicle has more optional VCC resources, the performance of the cluster-PSO based resource orchestration is outstanding.     

V2X offloading and resource allocation under SDN and MEC architecture

To address the serious problem of delay and energy consumption increase and service quality degradation caused by complex network status and huge amounts of computing data in the scenario of vehicle-to-everything (V2X),a vehicular network architecture combining mobile edge computing (MEC) and software defined network (SDN) was constructed.MEC sinks cloud serviced to the edge of the wireless network to compensate for the delay fluctuation caused by remote cloud computing.The SDN controller could sense network information from a global perspective,flexibly schedule resources,and control offload traffic.To further reduce the system overhead,a joint task offloading and resource allocation scheme was proposed.By modeling the MEC-based V2X offloading and resource allocation,the optimal offloading decision,communication and computing resource allocation scheme were derived.Considering the NP-hard attribute of the problem,Agglomerative Clustering was used to select the initial offloading node,and Q-learning was used for resource allocation.The offloading decision was modeled as an exact potential game,and the existence of Nash equilibrium was proved by the potential function structure.The simulation results show that,as compared to other mechanisms,the proposed mechanism can effectively reduce the system overhead.     

DDPG-based intelligent rechargeable fog computation offloading for IoT

In view of the existing computation offloading research on fog computing network scenarios, most scenarios focus on reducing energy consumption and delay and lack the joint consideration of smart device rechargeability. This paper proposes a deep deterministic policy gradient-based intelligent rechargeable fog computation offloading mechanism that is combined with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer technology. Specifically, an optimization problem that minimizes the total energy consumption for completing all tasks in a multiuser scenario is formulated, and the joint optimization of the task offloading ratio, uplink channel bandwidth, power split ratio and computing resource allocation is fully considered. Based on the above nonconvex optimization problem with a continuous action space, a communication, computation and energy harvesting co-aware intelligent computation offloading algorithm is developed. It can achieve the optimal energy consumption and delay, and similar to a double deep Q-network, an inverting gradient updating-based dual actor-critic neural network design can improve the convergence and stability of the training process. Finally, the simulation results validate that the proposed mechanism can converge quickly and can effectively reduce the energy consumption with the lowest task delay.

     

Energy‐aware dynamic task offloading and collective task execution in mobile cloud computing

There is a good opportunity for enlightening the services of the mobile devices by introducing computational offloading using cloud technology. Offloading is a process for managing the complexity of the mobile environment by migrating computational load to the cloud. The mobile devices oblige the quick response for the offloading requests; it is dependent on network connectivity. The cloud services take long set‐up time irrespective of network connectivity. In this paper, new system architecture for the dynamic task offloading in the mobile cloud environment is proposed. The architecture includes the offloading algorithm that concentrates on energy consumption of the tasks both in the local and remote environment. The proposed algorithm formulates a collective task execution model for minimizing the energy consumption. The architecture concentrates on the network model by considering the task completion time in three different network scenarios. The experimental results show the efficiency of the suggested architecture in reducing the energy consumption and completion time of the tasks.     

基于车辆成组的V2V协同计算卸载策略研究

在车联网中引入V2V计算卸载技术可以缓解当前车载计算卸载热点地区路边单元(RSU)计算资源不足的问题.然而,在计算卸载过程中,服务车辆可能因故障离组或自主选择离开车组.如何返回任务结果并高效地分配计算任务是需要进一步研究的关键问题.提出了一个车组内计算任务分配算法,考虑了可能导致车辆离开车组的因素影响,以及组中每辆车能...     

Edge Computing Offloading Strategy Based on Dynamic Non-cooperative Games in D-IoT

With the vigorous development of Internet of Things technology, the current distribution network is developing towards the information-based and intelligent distribution Internet of Things (D-IoT). D-IoT adopts the mode of the cloud computing center and the edge cloud network working together. The edge cloud network has a large number of intelligent terminals, which can well adapt to the current sharply expanding power data scale. In order to further improve the ability of the edge network in D-IoT to process data in real time, and to maximize the quality of user experience (QoE) while minimizing energy consumption when performing computing offload, this paper proposes a dynamic non-cooperative game based edge Computing task offloading strategy, considering the dynamic nature of task generation, designed a distributed iterative optimization algorithm, which decomposes computing offloading into a series of sub-problems to solve. The results of simulation experiments prove that the calculation offloading mechanism proposed in this paper can greatly improve D -Compute efficiency of IoT system.