GO/氟硅乳液复合亚麻整理剂的拒水防紫外线性能

以氧化石墨烯（GO）为功能填料，氟硅丙烯酸酯（FSiAc）乳液为功能黏合助剂，制备氧化石墨烯/氟硅丙烯酸酯（GO/FSiAc）复合乳液整理剂，并通过轧-烘-焙工艺对亚麻织物进行拒水防紫外线多功能整理。利用FTIR、TEM和DLS表征了GO/FSiAc复合乳液的结构和粒径分布；通过XPS和SEM表征了整理亚麻织物的表面元素和形貌；考察了软单体（BA）和硬单体（MMA）的质量比及GO的质量浓度等对整理亚麻织物的耐热性、拒水性、紫外线防护性能及物理机械性能等应用性能及服用性能的影响。结果表明，GO在FSiAc乳液中良好的分散并均匀地覆盖在亚麻织物表面。当m(BA)∶m(MMA)=7∶3，GO的质量浓度达到4 g/L时，表现出优异的拒水性和防紫外线性能，其水接触角为148.48°，紫外线防护系数（UPF）为179.77，紫外线（UVA）波段的透过率为0.63%。与原始亚麻织物相比，GO/FSiAc复合乳液整理亚麻织物的耐热性、断裂强力和断裂伸长率分别提升了60.67℃、153 N和11.1%，同时保持良好的透气性能。经过20次皂洗测试后，水接触角仍为142.00°，UPF为162.22，UVA波段的透过率为0.94%，说明整理后亚麻织物具有良好的耐久性。     

超疏水防紫外双功能水性织物涂层的制备及性能研究

利用乳液缩聚法制备芯材为氟硅烷（ FAS13）壁材接枝紫外吸收剂的二氧化硅微胶囊,将其与有机硅树脂乳液共混,涂覆于棉织物表面形成超疏水防紫外织物涂层。通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察微胶囊的形态和粒径,并对涂层的水接触角和防紫外性能进行了测试,同时测试了涂层的耐老化、耐磨损、耐高温以及耐酸碱性。结果表明：织物涂层中微胶囊最佳含量为 45%（其中内含 6%紫外吸收剂）,由此制备的涂层表面水接触角可达到 150°以上,并且具有较好的耐老化、耐高温、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐磨损等性能;同时该织物涂层具有优异的防紫外性,紫外线防护系数（UPF）可以达到 111.2。     

防晒衣

正所有的衣服都具有防晒能力,但并不是所有衣服都可以称为防晒衣。在GB/T 18830—2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的评定》中明确规定:UPF值大于40,UVA透过率小于5%,同时满足上述两个条件,才能称为"防紫外线产品"。UPF值代表纺织品对紫外线的防护能力,UPF值为皮肤无防护时计算出的紫外线辐射平均效应与皮肤有织物防护时计算出的紫外线辐射平均效应的比值。比如,一件UPF 40的防晒衣代表在该织物的防护下可透过的紫外线强度是原来的1/40。     

苯并三氮唑类反应型紫外线吸收剂的合成与应用性能

以2-(2'-羟基-5'-叔丁基苯基)苯并三氮唑、N-羟甲基氯乙酰胺、三聚氯氰、间位酯为原料,合成了一种棉用的反应型紫外吸收剂,并通过核磁确认了其结构。应用该紫外线吸收剂整理的织物在UVA和UVB波段均具有很好的紫外线防护效果,其紫外线吸收系数(UPF值)经过50次洗涤后,保留率高于90%。     

透明疏水耐磨涂层的制备与应用

以γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)为改性剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为水解前躯体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制得乙烯基改性纳米硅溶胶(VS),将VS与含氟氢硅油(FPHMS)和全氟辛基乙烯(vi-F17)进行硅氢化加成反应,制得纳米杂化氟硅疏水树脂(FSi-1),进一步在玻璃表面涂覆FSi-1产生疏水透明涂层。通过FTIR、TEM、TGA、AFM和静态接触角测量仪(WCA)等对产物的组成、结构及性能进行了测试,考察了VS的添加量对FSi-1稳定性和FSi-1含量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明:VS呈规则球形状,分散均一,且w(VS)=10%时,FSi-1体系稳定。当w(FSi-1)=0.5%时,涂层透光性基本不受影响,涂层硬度为5H,静态接触角可达120.5°,粗糙度(Ra)为0.032μm,且耐摩擦次数达到1 000次时,静态接触角为91.8°,仍具疏水效果,而未添加VS的树脂涂层,当摩擦次数达到600次后,玻璃表面已不具备疏水效果,静态接触角只有80.4°。     

含氟聚苯乙烯微球的制备及其疏水性能研究

以苯乙烯(St)和含氟单体(G04)为原料、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂和乙醇/水为混合溶剂,采用分散聚合法制备出PS-F(含氟聚苯乙烯)微球;然后以苯丙乳液提供的附着力、PS-F微球提供的疏水性能,制备PS-F疏水涂层。结果表明:制备PS-F微球的最佳工艺条件是m(总单体)=m(St+含氟单体)=20 g且m(St):m(含氟单体)=18:2、w(AIBN)=1.5%、w(PVP)=7.5%、V(乙醇)=108 mL、V(H_2O)=72mL、反应温度70℃和反应时间10 h,此时PS-F微球的粒径为0.4～1.0μm;当w(PS-F微球)=60%时,疏水涂层的水接触角为130。左右;含氟单体含量和苯丙乳液含量对水接触角的影响不大,涂层疏水性能主要与PS-F微球大小、涂层表面粗糙度有关。     

短氟碳链含氟硅烷偶联剂及其疏水涂层的构建

以三氟丙基甲基环三硅氧烷(D3F)、二甲基氯硅烷、甲基二氯硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VTMS)为主要原料,通过阴离子开环聚合和硅氢加成反应合成了一系列短氟碳链含氟硅烷偶联剂。载玻片表面经纳米二氧化硅溶胶涂膜和硅烷偶联剂表面修饰得到疏水涂层。探究了不同硅烷偶联剂对于涂层疏水性、附着力、硬度、透过率等性能的影响。结果表明,同类型含氟硅烷偶联剂中氟含量越大,其修饰的涂层接触角越大;相似相对分子质量及氟含量情况下,直链型含氟硅烷偶联剂修饰的涂层疏水性优于支链型修饰的涂层。经含氟硅烷偶联剂修饰的疏水涂层中,接触角最大的是由聚合度为9的支链型含氟硅烷偶联剂(DF3)修饰的涂层,可达141.6°。疏水涂层的附着力均达1级,硬度均达H,可见光透过率高于82.9%,具有良好的自清洁性能。     

草莓型微球基自补偿性超疏水涂层的制备及性能

通过KH-560改性光催化纳米Ti O2与3-KH-550改性微米Si O2的偶合反应制备草莓型微球,用氟硅烷改性微球表面,再将其与羟基氟硅油、甲基三丁酮肟基硅烷共混制得超疏水涂料,将其涂覆于基材表面室温固化制得超疏水涂层。利用扫描电镜和光学接触角测量仪对涂层形貌和润湿性进行了表征,并对涂层表面耐久性和自补偿性进行了测试。结果表明:当颜基比为4.5∶5.5时,涂层表面的水接触角可以达到165°,同时草莓型微球表面粗糙度可显著提高涂层的超疏水性;此外该涂层具有优异的耐油污性和耐酸碱性,更为重要的是,由于氟碳链段的自补偿性可以使受损涂层恢复超疏水性。     

PET膜用氟碳溶胶涂层性能研究

以PET薄膜为基底,将含氟硅氧烷与γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷形成的溶胶涂敷于其上并加热固化。经测试,此氟碳涂层/PET薄膜在可见光范围内,光透过率达到90%以上,表面疏水性优异,涂层力学性能优良。探讨了溶胶氟含量与涂层接触角的关系,研究表明:当含氟硅氧烷添加量为1%(体积分数),涂层表面氟含量为0.7%(质量分数)时,接触角达到118°,之后再增加含氟硅氧烷添加量,涂层表面接触角基本保持不变。本研究为拓展PET膜应用提供了基础。     

多臂UV固化含氟聚碳酸酯聚氨酯的制备及应用

聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)反应后,再分别与丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)及十三氟辛醇反应,得到双键半封端物及含氟半封端物,随后以二聚甘油为核将两者按物质的量比1∶1反应得到多臂UV固化含氟PCDL基聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(FPUA)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(1H-NMR)表征了FPUA的结构。并以其为添加剂,加入到市售聚氨酯中,制备了低表面能的疏水涂层,通过表面水油接触角、硬度及附着力测试,对疏水涂层的表面性能及物化性能进行了表征。     

A novel approach to excellent UV protecting cotton fabric with functionalized MWNT containing water vapor permeable PU coating

This research paper presented a novel approach of developing excellent protection from ultraviolet (UV) radiation of cotton fabrics by means of water vapor permeable (WVP) coatings containing multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT), a stable and strongly UV absorbing species. The WVP of MWNT containing UV protective coatings of the present development are formed from solution polymer of hydrophilic polyurethane (HPU). MWNTs were dispersed in HPU solution by functionalization of MWNT. The nanotube containing HPU coating shows excellent protection against UV radiation, with only 1 wt % of MWNT (calculated based on solid content of the polymer), a UV Protection Factor (UPF) of 174 and with 2.5 wt % of MWNT a UPF of 421 was obtained, which stated excellent protection (UPF ≥50) according to the Australian/New Zealand standards. Scanning electron micrographs of coated fabrics surface showed a film like polymer coating, confirming the fabric surface was successfully coated by polyurethane. The coated fabrics would maintain very good water vapor permeability, hence confirmed the wearing comfort. Room temperature (20–23°C) range soft segment crystal melting of HPU enhances the permeability of coated fabrics. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3370–3376, 2007     

Microwave‐assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticles on cotton fabric modified with 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane

In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized on cotton fabric modified with 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) using sodium citrate as a reducing/stabilizing agent by microwave‐assisted process. The presence of a highly oriented amino‐terminated self‐assembled monolayer and formation of APTMS was demonstrated by an X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The silver‐coated cotton fabrics were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX). UV protection, antistatic, and hydrophobic properties were also evaluated. The results show that silver‐coated fabric modified with APTMS possesses excellent antistatic, UV protection with ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of 396.5 and superhydrophobic properties with contact angle of 153.2°. APTMS pretreatment improves the adhesive strength between silver coatings and cotton fabric. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3862–3868, 2013     

改性聚碳酸酯板材的制备及性能研究

采用由丙烯酸类树脂、有机溶剂和紫外线吸收剂(UVA)组成的抗紫外线透明涂层制备改性聚碳酸酯(PC)板材,通过透光率/雾度测定仪、加速老化测试仪、分光光度计研究了涂层对PC板材光学和力学性能的影响。结果表明,抗紫外线涂层与PC板表面具有极佳的附着力,这种涂层具有优异的抗紫外线性能,未涂覆涂层的PC板经紫外光老化120h后黄色指数达到11左右,而涂覆该涂层的PC板的黄色指数仅为1左右,同时该板材能有85%以上的可见光透过率,120h紫外光加速老化后,板材的可见光透过率和力学性能基本保持不变。     

Preparation of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Coating Modified Polyethylene Terephthalate Fabric with Flame Retardancy and UV Protection based on ZnO Nanopaticles

A hybrid coating containing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, polyethyleneimine and sodium alginate was fabricated on the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric using layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled method. The construction of ZnO based coating on the surface of PET fabric resulted reduced DTG peak value compared with that of pure PET. Compared with the pure PET fabric, 4 bilayers coating obviously improved the fire resistance of PET fabric, as evidenced by the obvious reduction (39%) of peak heat release rate. UV transmission intensities of ZnO coated PET fabrics are lower at 320–400 nm than that of pure PET fabric.     

PDA/DTMS-纳米TiO2对蚕丝织物自修复超疏水整理

为了赋予蚕丝织物自清洁与防污性能,首先利用多巴胺(DA)在CuSO₄/H₂O₂氧化体系下快速聚合形成聚多巴胺(PDA)沉积在蚕丝织物表面,再通过十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷(DTMS)改性的纳米TiO₂对沉积PDA的织物进行超疏水功能整理。通过FTIR、SEM、XPS、接触角测量仪对改性前后蚕丝织物的化学组成、表面微观结构、疏水性能进行表征,测试了改性蚕丝织物的自清洁与防污性、疏水自修复性和抗紫外线性能。结果表明,PDA/DTMS-纳米TiO₂改性蚕丝织物表面具有分布均匀的微纳结构,且与原蚕丝织物相比,织物表面自由能下降;其水接触角为156°、滚动角为5°,防紫外线系数(UPF)为75.81,具有良好的防污自清洁能力和抗紫外线性能,与原蚕丝织物相比透气性略有下降;经O₂等离子体10次的刻蚀-修复循环或1200次机械磨损-修复循环后,蚕丝织物的疏水修复率均>96%,耐环境损伤的自修复效果明显。此外,洗涤25次后,PDA/DTMS-纳米TiO₂     

Multifunctional cotton fabrics with graphene/polyurethane coatings with far-infrared emission,electrical conductivity,and ultraviolet-blocking properties

In order to introduce multifunctional properties into flexible cotton fabric, graphene and waterborne anionic aliphatic polyurethane composites were prepared and then deposited on the surface of the fabric substrate through facile pad-dry-cure process. The fabrics thus obtained were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and their functional properties such as far-infrared emission, electrical conductivity, and ultraviolet (UV) blocking were studied. The coating process enhanced the far-infrared emissivity up to 0.911 in the wavelength range of 4–18 μm. In addition, the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of the fabric with 0.8-wt% graphene could reach 500, up to 60-fold higher than that of pristine cotton fabric (UPF 8.19), and its electrical resistivity was decreased from 1.15 × 10⁷ to 2.94 × 10⁻¹ Ω m, which is almost 8 orders of magnitude. The fabrics have also been found to be stable even after 10 cycles of laundering.     

Fabrication of UV curable coating for super hydrophobic cotton fabrics

A super hydrophobic cotton fabric was successfully prepared by a facile dip‐coating method using a synthetic fluorine‐free and UV curable super hydrophobic coating solution without additional particles. The obtained cotton fabric exhibited super hydrophobic property with a water contact angle above 159.5° and sliding angle 7.5°. Moreover, the treated cotton fabric could retain its super hydrophobic performance even after abrasion and accelerated laundering, as well as for different kinds of corrosive liquids. The coated cotton fabric was used to make up a surface tension‐driven, gravity‐assisted, floating oil–water separation device with separation efficiency above 99%. Additionally, the oil–water separation efficiency of super hydrophobic cotton fabric always was above 98% after 30 recycle times for cyclohexane–water mixture. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E452–E459, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Protection of wood surfaces against photooxidation

Protection of wood surfaces against photoinduced oxidative degradation can be achieved by using effective coating agents. Several penetrating chemical agents, such as triol-G 400, PEGG 400, and 1-octadecanol, were shown to provide good protection for wood surfaces against discoloration during ultraviolet irradiation. In addition, wood surfaces coated with clear film-forming finishes, such as homo- and copolymers of 2-hydroxy-4 (3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxy-propoxy) benzophenone, exhibited outstanding performance into inhibiting discoloration and surface deterioration. Infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra and scanning electron microscopy studies revealed that the clear polymeric coatings containing an internal UV absorber were very stable and resistant to photooxidation. Possible chemistry and mechanisms of protection of wood surfaces provided by these polymeric coating systems are discussed.     

Fabrication of highly efficient ultraviolet absorbing PVDF membranes via surface polydopamine deposition

Polydopamine (PDA) layers and particles self‐polymerized by dopamine have ultraviolet (UV) absorbing property besides versatility and adhesive ability. Herein, a facile strategy for preparing poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane coated with a thick PDA layer was developed to decrease UV transmittance through the surface modification of PVDF membrane. The PVDF membrane was modified by PDA deposition after pretreated with KOH/alcohol and KMnO₄/KOH solution. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of coating conditions such as concentration of dopamine and Tris–HCl buffer solution, coating time, and temperature on the performance of membranes. The characterization results indicated that it is more conductive for PDA deposition on the surface PVDF‐OH films than original PVDF films. Most importantly, UV transmittance of PVDF‐OH film modified in dopamine solution under optimum condition for one time can decrease to as low as 0.122% at 320 nm, which showed excellent UV‐shielding property. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45746.