共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 157 毫秒
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二氧化碳气体分离膜研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
膜法分离二氧化碳在天然气脱CO_2、CO_2促进石油回采,及从城市垃圾处理获得高品质燃气等方面的应用,正在迅速地增长。简述膜法分离二氧化碳的原理、膜材料和器件。 相似文献
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离子液体是一种饱和蒸汽压低、结构可设计、稳定性强、液态温度范围宽的绿色溶剂,同时对CO2又有较高的溶解度,因此成为当前CO2分离领域的研究热点材料。将离子液体和二维纳米材料结合得到的分离膜材料兼具离子液体和二维纳米材料的优势,在气体分离方面展现了良好的应用前景。其中,离子液体和氧化石墨烯的结合备受关注。针对这一热点问题,本工作综述了国内外通过氧化石墨烯、离子液体及离子液体?氧化石墨烯膜材料在CO2分离方面的研究和进展。相关研究表明,离子液体?氧化石墨烯膜材料具有较好的CO2选择性能、渗透性能和稳定性能,是一种非常有潜力的CO2分离材料。最后,提出了利用离子液体、氧化石墨烯及离子液体?氧化石墨烯膜材料进行CO2捕集分离的未来研究挑战和展望。 相似文献
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对于燃煤的IGCC系统中,通过水煤气(CO+H2)的转换来分离H2/CO2,已成为捕集分离CO2主要手段,而对于具有独特透氢性能钯因素则是分离氢气的主要介质,钯掺杂的氢气分离膜则越来越被研究所关注。然而钯纳米颗粒粒径大小及钯的团聚问题已成为钯功能发挥的最大障碍,因此发展和完善钯纳米颗粒的合成和钯盐的还原则显得越来越重要。介绍钯还原方法和各还原剂的还原机理,特别是对现在最被研究者广泛应用的化学还原法做了较为详细的说明,为制备钯纳米颗粒提供一些参考,同时为实现钯掺杂的氢气分离膜的最大氢气透过率和分离性能,研究出一种低成本、高效率气体分离膜。 相似文献
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In this review, recent works related to the selective CO removal in a H2-rich stream for the application of the low-temperature fuel cell are discussed. The membrane separation, the selective CO hydrogenation, and the preferential CO oxidation (PROX) have been generally studied to meet the requirement for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) where the CO concentration should be controlled to be less than 10 ppm not to degrade the electrochemical performance of Pt anode. For the membrane separation, the thin layer of Pd-based alloy metal on the porous ceramic material coupled with the catalytic purification is the most advanced method at present. For PROX catalysts, supported Ru catalysts and Pt-based alloy catalysts have been successfully developed so far. The combination of highly selective PROX catalysts and the CO methanation catalyst can provide the extended temperature range to achieve the acceptable CO removal. Because each method has presently its own weak points, the further advance is still in need. The non-noble metal-based membrane requiring smaller pressure differentials is highly plausible in the membrane separation. The highly selective catalyst for CO methanation in the presence of excess CO2 and H2O can simplify the CO removal step. The PROX catalyst should be operative over a wide reaction temperature as well as at low temperatures not to cause the reverse water–gas shift reaction. During the development of these catalysts, the progress on the high-temperature PEM fuel cell or the CO-tolerant anode should be carefully evaluated. 相似文献
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二氧化碳驱伴生气分离技术综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对CO2驱油田伴生气成分复杂、二氧化碳浓度高等特点进行了分析,详细介绍了几种当前热门的伴生气分离提纯技术,包括化学吸收法、膜分离法、变压吸附法、低温分馏法等,并对各类方法的原理、优缺点进行了深入解析。对伴生气CO2分离技术及复配方法进行了综合对比,得出膜分离+化学吸收法、低温分馏+化学吸收、膜分离+变压吸附更适用于分离CO2驱油田伴生气中的CO2。 相似文献
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当前,气体分离膜是一种环保绿色的分离技术,本文概括了目前用于去除CO2的商业膜材料(醋酸纤维素、聚酰亚胺和含氟聚合物),对不同膜的物理化学性质,气体渗透特性等进行了介绍。 相似文献
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离子液体支撑液膜在较大跨膜压差(0.25~0.3MPa)下的稳定性较差,具有较好稳定性的聚离子液体膜和离子液体-聚合物共混膜等逐渐被关注。本文综述了离子液体支撑液膜、聚离子液体膜、离子液体?聚合物共混膜等离子液体膜CO2分离性能、分离机理及稳定性的最新研究进展,介绍了无机颗粒-离子液体-聚合物共混膜的研究现状。指出离子液体膜的高CO2渗透通量与高稳定性之间的矛盾、共混膜结构调控难等问题是其工业化应用的主要障碍,提出开发新的膜材料、改进制膜工艺以减小膜厚、优化膜结构是提高膜的CO2渗透和分离性能,并保持膜稳定性的有效途径。无机颗粒-离子液体-聚合物共混膜兼有较高的CO2分离性能和较好稳定性,具有良好的应用前景,对其制备方法、结构、性能及CO2分离机理的研究将成为这一领域的热点。 相似文献
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The separation of CO(2) from a mixture of CO(2) and N(2) using a porous graphene membrane was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The effects of chemical functionalization of the graphene sheet and pore rim on the gas separation performance of porous graphene membranes were examined. It was found that chemical functionalization of the graphene sheet can increase the absorption ability of CO(2), while chemical functionalization of the pore rim can significantly improve the selectivity of CO(2) over N(2). The results show that the porous graphene membrane with all-N modified pore-16 exhibits a higher CO(2) selectivity over N(2) (~11) due to the enhanced electrostatic interactions compared to the unmodified graphene membrane. This demonstrates the potential use of functionalized porous graphene as single-atom-thick membrane for CO(2) and N(2) separation. We provide an effective way to improve the gas separation performance of porous graphene membranes, which may be useful for designing new concept membranes for other gases. 相似文献