动态系统最优化理论与自适应算法在轧钢中的应用

本文就自行研制的轧机计算机厚度控制系统,应用动态规划、随机最优控制理论与自适应 算法,在轧制规程和厚度分配的最优化计算、轧制规程在线修正与自动厚度控制的改进算法几 方面进行了研究,使轧机的厚度控制精度有了显著的提高.应用结果表明,普碳钢卷板的纵向 同板差精度≤80μm,命中目标厚度精度为士0.1mm.     

动态规划在轧制规程最优化中的应用

本文从轧制工艺节能和降低轧制时间的不同角度出发,以带有卷取张力的 ROHN 型廿辊可逆轧机为对象,应用动态规划探讨了制定轧制规程的新方法。所用方法在顾及机电设备和工艺限制的条件下,综合考虑了厚度分配、轧制次数、轧制速度及张力制度等因素对能耗和时间的影响。理论计算结果表明,最优规程可使现行规程能耗降低6—11%,使时间以更大幅度降低,同时还可使板型和其他指标得到显著改善。在轧机上的实际试验证实了所得的理论结果。     

液压轧机厚度自动控制的设计

随着轧制理论的不断深入研究 ,自动检测与控制技术不断发展 ,特别是高性能电液伺服伐在轧钢工业上的应用 ,在机械、液压、电气及自动控制的密切配合下 ,使液压轧机的发展达到了一个新的水平。而液压 AGC(厚度自动控制 )是液压轧机的核心部分 ,它关系到液压轧机的产品精度和轧机的自动化水平。介绍了采用预控的方法来消除入口带材厚度对出口厚度的干扰 ,以及利用监控的方法来准确锁定成品尺寸。     

五机架冷连轧机轧制规程的优化计算及实现

根据五机架冷连轧机的特性,采用综合等负荷函数法,通过对负荷余量和出口厚度进行双重嵌套迭代来实现轧制规程的优化计算;采用西门子公司的WinCC组态软件作为设计平台对该优化算法进行人机界面设计并加以编程实现.     

基于Elman网络的金属应力状态系数模型

以4200mm轧机轧制71块钢板的实测数据为基础,利用Matlab神经网络工具箱,建立了轧制变形区的应力状态系数与轧前厚度、轧后厚度及轧辊直径对应关系的Elman神经网络预测模型.结果表明,Elman神经网络模型有较好的预测精度.     

基于免疫遗传算法的冷连轧机轧制参数优化方法

板厚、板形精度是衡量冷轧板带产品的二个主 要质量指标，本文以板厚板形为综合目标函数，首次采用智能优化方法——免疫遗传算法对 冷连轧机轧制参数进行优化．算例分析表明了该方法的有效性，取得了良好的效果，为冷连 轧机组轧制规程的优化设计提供了一种新的尝试．     

冷连轧动态变规格设定计算

动态变规格FGC是冷连轧机所特有的工艺过程,实现带钢无头轧制。简单介绍了冷轧动态变规格的概念和控制原理,分析提高动态变规格过程中带钢的厚度和辊速控制精度。其中,轧制力预设定计算的精度是影响规格动态变换精度及轧出带钢头部厚度、板型精度主要因素。     

快速监控FMN在热连轧上的应用研究

研究了快速监控FMN在热连轧上的应用,提高头部命中率是投入绝对AGC所要求的,它的重要手段是靠提高设定模型精度、模型自学习的收敛速度。为进一步提高带坯全长厚控精度及控制品质,依靠液压压下快速移动特性及利用快速监控FMN功能。以热连轧模型增量方程为核心,对不同轧制规程,给出了兼顾板厚与板形FMN动作表。在鞍钢1700ASP热轧现场中的实际应用表明,此算法是正确的,它可大幅度地改善板卷头部的厚度精度。     

四辊液压轧机轧辊偏心补偿系统

四辊液压轧机轧辊偏摆导致辊缝变化将严重影响轧制成品厚度的精度。介绍了一种利用四辊液压轧机位置闭环的快速响应系统。采用PLC实现在轧机辊缝零位调整时,对偏心进行记忆,而当投入轧制时则可实现偏心补偿的方法。分析了补偿原理及实践方法,给出了程序流程图。该系统对设计新型轧机或改造旧轧机都具有现实意义。     

改进型支持向量回归预测模型的轧机轧制力预测

对轧机轧制力预测模型进行研究.使用人工鱼群优化算法对支持向量回归(SVR)参数选取进行最优的参数组合,将粒子群优化算法引入到常规人工鱼群算法中,并对其进行改进,提高了人工鱼群算法的性能.研究结果表明:Ekelund模型的轧制力计算结果误差较大,超过了10％,常规SVR预测模型的轧制力预测精度低于10％,而本文研究的改进SVR预测模型得到的轧制力误差低于5％,说明通过人工鱼群算法优化SVR算法模型的参数能够提高预测模型的预测精度,并且预测消耗时间在3种预测模型中是最短的.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.