Effect of Cu on Discontinuous Precipitation of a Symmetrical AlZn Alloy

The effect of Cu additions on discontinuous precipitation of AlZn alloy were studied with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. It is found that the effect of addition of 2 at. pct Cu on cellular nucleation site is not remarkable, while the effect of aging temperature on cellular nucleation site of AlZn and AIZn-2Cu alloys is fairly obvious. The cell growth rate of discontinuous precipitation of AlZn alloy is remarkably accelerated with the addition of 2 at. pct Cu. The discontinuous precipitation microstructure of AlZn alloy is not apparently affected with the addition of 2 at. pct Cu and the cellular front is still fine microstructure of spinodal decomposition. The phase constituents consist of a fcc Al-rich phase, a hcp Zn-rich phase and a CuZn4 phase. The transformation rate of discontinuous precipitation of AlZn alloy is remarkably accelerated with the addition of 2 at. pct Cu.     

热处理对TC11钛合金室温力学性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、拉伸性能和冲击性能测试仪,研究TC11钛合金经过不同热处理后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,280 mm棒材坯料边缘部位室温性能波动与热变形过程中的摩擦力和温降有关;当固溶温度由940℃提高到970℃时,室温强度和塑性均出现了明显的下降,强度下降约50 MPa,延伸率的相对值下降约为8%;固溶温度由970℃升高到980℃时,强度提高约30 MPa,延伸率和断面收缩率均有所提高;时效时间对TC11钛合金室温拉伸性能影响不显著,但对室温冲击性能影响显著,当时效时间由4 h增加到8 h时,显微组织发生了明显的球化,长条状的初生α相数量显著降低,初生α相和次生α相均有所长大,导致冲击性能显著增强,提高了30.4~33.6 J,但室温拉伸强度和塑性变化不大。     

7050铝合金第二相溶解行为EI北大核心CSCD

研究热轧态7050铝合金在固溶过程中的平衡态η(MgZn2)相、T(Al2Mg3Zn3)相、S(Al2CuMg)相及含铁Al7Cu2Fe难溶相的溶解行为。采用原位扫描的组织检测方法获得上述平衡相的溶解动力学实测数据。在体扩散控制的溶解动力学模型基础上,引入曲率和界面反应对原子迁移速率的作用,建立η,T和S相溶解动力学模型。结果表明:在7050铝合金常规固溶温度(470℃)条件下,η和T相在2 min内即可完全溶解,S相保温较长的时间才能完全溶解,含Fe相不发生溶解;曲率对溶解行为影响较小,界面反应会大幅度降低溶解速率;本工作建立的η,T和S等第二相溶解动力学模型预测结果与实测结果吻合,能够为优化Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金固溶工艺提供指导作用。     

Phase decomposition behavior and its effects on mechanical properties of TiNbTa0.5ZrAl0.5 refractory high entropy alloy

The mechanical properties of refractory high entropy alloys(RHEAs) strongly depend on their phase structures. In this work, the phase stability of a BCC TiNbTa0.5ZrAl0.5 refractory high entropy alloy subjected to thermomechanical processing was evaluated, and the effects of phase decomposition on room/high temperature mechanical properties were quantitatively studied. It was found that, the thermomechanical processing at 800℃and 1200℃ leads to phase decomposition in the TiNbTa0.5ZrAl0.5 alloy. The phase decomposition is caused by the rapid rising of free energy of the primary BCC phase. The effect of the precipitates on room temperature strength is determined by the competition between the increasing in precipitation strengthening and the decreasing in solid solution strengthening. But at high temperatures(800-1200℃), the phase decomposition causes significant reduction in strength, mainly due to the grain boundary sliding and the decreasing in solid solution strengthening.     

具有层片状α相组织的TB8钛合金热变形行为及本构方程

主要研究具有层片状α相组织的TB8钛合金在α+β双相区的热变形行为。结果表明,在应变速率为1s-1时,变形温度为650℃的流变曲线展现出连续的流变软化,当温度高于650℃时,流变曲线呈现出不连续屈服现象。不连续屈服现象随变形温度的增加和应变速率的降低而消失。当应变速率为0.001s-1时,750℃和800℃的流变曲线呈现出典型的动态再结晶特征。峰值应力σp,温度T和应变速率ε·三者之间的关系已通过Arrhenius-type本构方程进行表征,建立了材料常数α,A,n和Q值与真应变之间的关系模型,并分析了应变对α,A,n和Q值的影响。α值随真应变的增加而增加,而A,n和Q的值随真应变的增加而逐渐降低。实验应力值和预测应力值之间的相关系数和平均相对误差参数分别为0.945和9.08%。这表明本工作建立的应变补偿的热变形本构方程能够很好地预测具有层片状α相组织的TB8钛合金在α+β双相区热变形过程中的流变应力。     

固溶冷却速率对全片层亚稳β钛合金α相形貌的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用Gleeble热模拟压缩试验机、显微硬度计、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等研究固溶冷却速率对TB17钛合金力学性能和条状α形貌的影响。结果表明:具有网篮组织的TB17钛合金经两相区固溶后,当固溶冷却速率为200℃/min时,合金显微硬度为250HV,随着固溶冷却速率的降低,钛合金显微硬度逐渐增加,当固溶冷却速率降低到1℃/min(炉冷)时,显微硬度增加到320HV。在连续冷却过程中会发生β→α相变,在β基体上析出次生α相,同时条状α相会转变为“叉状”结构;随着固溶冷却速率的降低,“叉状”结构逐渐变粗长大,当固溶冷却速率为40℃/min时,“叉状”结构的宽度约为14 nm,当固溶冷却速率为10℃/min时,“叉状”结构的宽度约为100 nm,当固溶冷却速率为1℃/min(炉冷)时,“叉状”结构的宽度约为300 nm;而当固溶冷却速率大于10℃/min时,条状α相侧面和端面包裹着斜方马氏体α″相,马氏体相的存在促进了α相转变和“叉状”结构的形成。当固溶冷却速率逐渐降低至1℃/min左右相当于炉冷速率时,“叉状”结构变粗,条状α相端面和侧面的斜方马氏体相消失,发生α″→α相变。     

固溶温度对亚稳β钛合金Ti-4Mo-6Cr-3Al-2Sn的组织和拉伸性能的影响

对自主设计的新型亚稳β钛合金Ti-4Mo-6Cr-3Al-2Sn(%,质量分数)在不同温度进行固溶和固溶时效处理,观察其显微组织和测试室温拉伸性能。结果表明：随着固溶温度的提高固溶态组织中的初生α相减少,当固溶温度高于相变点后初生α相完全消失,几乎全部为明显长大的粗大β晶粒。固溶温度为900℃的固溶态合金具有良好的强度和塑性匹配,屈服强度为898.7 MPa、抗拉强度为962.5 MPa、断裂伸长率为12.7%。在不同温度固溶处理的时效态合金,均析出了细小的次生α相。固溶温度低于相变点时,在初生α相间析出的细小次生α相呈60°或者平行交错排列;固溶温度高于相变点时初生α相几乎完全消失,随着固溶温度的提高析出的次生α相片层间距变大并粗化。在所有固溶温度下,时效态组织中沿原始β晶界处均析出了连续的晶界α相,合金的塑性均较差。经过750℃/0.5 h固溶和500℃/4 h时效的合金具有良好的强度和塑性匹配,其抗拉强度为1282 MPa,屈服强度为1210.6 MPa,断裂伸长率为5.3%。     

Effect of Cu on the Spinodal Decomposition of AlZn Alloy with Symmetrical Composition

1. IntroductionThe spinodal decomposition, as a method ofmaking ultra-fine microstructure, has recently beenadverted[1~3]. The Al-Zn binary system is the basis ofsome practically important systems among Al-based lightalloys, and a typical example with spinodal decomposi-tion. However, being different from others such as Cr-W with broad temperature range, the miscibility gapof the Al-Zn system remains stable at higher tempera-tures (277~350°C)[4]. The discontinuous precipitation ofthe β Z…     

6082铝合金的TTT曲线及其研究

为研究6082铝合金的淬火敏感性,采用分级淬火的方法测定了6082铝合金的时间-温度-转化率（TTT）曲线,利用XRD、TEM并结合Avrami方程研究了6082合金在等温过程中的组织变化.结果表明：6082铝合金TTT曲线的鼻尖温度约为350℃,淬火敏感温度区间为300～420℃;6082铝合金过饱和固溶体在350℃...     

Aging of Cu–Be alloys with and without cobalt

Abstract

The effect of prior cold work on the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution of Cu–Be alloys with and without cobalt addition has been studied by means of electron microscopy and hardness measurements. The results suggest that during aging from 200 to 500°C two temperature regions characterized by different aging products may be distinguished. In the lower temperature region the following continuous precipitation sequence is found: supersaturated solid solution → Guinier–Preston zones →γ′ in the higher temperature region the discontinuous precipitation reaction is: supersaturated solid solution →γ_D→γ equilibrium phase. An increase in beryllium content raises the limit of the lower temperature region, i.e. the critical temperature separating two aging regions is located between 250 and 350°C for Cu–1·5 Be and between 350 and 400°C for Cu–2Be and Cu–1·8Be–0·2Co (all in wt–%).The addition of cobalt, and the prior cold work, have a retarding effect on aging processes in the lower temperature region, but no effect has been observed in the higher region. The activation energies for formation of Guinier–Preston zones and γ′ phase were calculated and discussed in terms of the reaction of solute atoms with vacancies.

MST/242     

The Study on Quench Transformation in Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Alloy

The quench transfomation in a Ti-10V-2Fe-3Alnear B-titanium alloy was studied by meansof X-ray diffraction, transmission electronmicroscopy, and optical micyoscopy. The quenchingtemperatures were above and below the β transustemperature. The phase constitutions of specimensquenched from various solution temperatureswere identified and the phase morphologies wereexamined. In addition, the relationship betweenphase lattice parameters and quenching tempera-tures was given for α, β and α ~(11) phases. Thisalloy has a tendency of precipitation of athermalω phase and formation of stress induced α~(11) mar-tensite from β phase during quenching. Quenchedfrom the temperatures above the β transus tem-perature, the alloy mainly consists of β phase,a small amount of α~(11) martensite and athemalω phase aye also present in the alloy. Afterquenching from the temperatures below the βtransus temperature, the α phase appeaysin the alloy in addition to the phases mentionedabove.     

An evaluation of AA 7012 microstructure by differential scanning calorimetry

Results of a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) investigation on a AA 7012 AlZnMg(CuZr) alloy in four commercial tempers (namely T4, T6, T76 and T73), are reported here. The tempers have been characterized from a microstructural point of view by performing DSC scans at different scanning rates. Endothermic and exothermic effects detected during DSC tests have been interpreted in terms of precipitation and dissolution of metastable and/or stable products of decomposition of the α supersaturated solid solution, in the precipitation sequence: α_sss → G.P. zones → η′¹(MgZn₂)→ η(MgZn₂).Apparent activation energies have been calculated, for the thermally activated reactions, on the basis of the Ozawa method in non-isothermal conditions. DSC results are discussed with the aid of TEM analysis data.     

Influence of plastic deformation on occurrence of discontinuous precipitation

We have studied the effect of plastic deformation by compression on the occurrence of discontinuous precipitation in Al-30% Zn alloy after ageing at two different temperatures (348 and 423 K) has been studied. Optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used for characterization.During ageing of undeformed alloy, the grain boundary of supersaturated solid solution represents the favorite site of precipitation by discontinuous mechanism. We found that the occurrence of discontinuous precipitation depends mainly on the degree of plastic deformation before ageing. The grain boundary act as reaction front and migrates in case of low degree of prior deformation.     

钛合金与铝合金异种金属钎焊的研究进展

钛合金在经济性和加工性方面不理想,导致其在实际工程应用中受限,而铝合金在某种程度上可以弥补这种缺陷,因此将钛合金和铝合金复合使用的构想应运而生。对钛合金和铝合金异种金属的可焊性进行了分析,以钛合金和铝合金钎焊为研究对象,重点论述了钛合金与铝合金钎焊连接所用的钎料及工艺等的国内外研究现状,并着重分析了Al基和Zn基钎料的润湿性、界面、钎缝组织及其优缺点。由相关文献分析可知,Al基钎料在真空、保护气氛或非真空外加辅助措施条件下对钛合金和铝合金都有良好的润湿性,但接头强度仍有待提高,金属间化合物较厚的问题需要通过优化钎料成分和焊接工艺进一步改善;Zn基钎料对钛合金的润湿性较差,但在适当的焊接工艺下可以获得力学性能较好的Ti/Al接头,剪切强度可达141MPa;使用Sn基和Cu基钎料获得的Ti/Al接头的力学性能低于Al基和Zn基钎料,且Sn基的钎料对两种母材的润湿性都较差,需要对母材表面进行预处理。     

固溶温度对TA19钛合金组织及性能的影响

采用5种不同固溶温度和相同时效温度的热处理制度对TA19钛合金进行固溶时效处理,研究不同固溶温度对显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,固溶温度对TA19钛合金显微组织的初生α相含量影响显著;经相变点以下10℃到50℃固溶保温1 h后风冷,再经595℃时效保温8 h后空冷,获得的室温和高温力学性能均能满足AMS 4975标准的要求;固溶温度选择相变点以下10℃时,TA19钛合金的室温和高温力学性能及蠕变性能匹配最好,对应的显微组织中初生α相含量为15%~18%。     

固溶时效处理对TM60合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过对8型钛合金TM60进行不同制度的固溶时效处理,研究了各制度下其显微组织、相结构和力学性能的变化。研究结果表明：α相的含量和体积分数对合金性能有较大影响,固溶处理温度选择在700℃,时效处理温度应选择在400℃~450℃,β型钛合金TM60具有最佳的强塑性。     

铝基准晶的研究进展

概述了铝基准晶态合金的形成机理,其形成存在着相似性原则,具有电子浓度特征.分析了铝基准晶合金的组织与相变特征,铝基准晶的生成通常为包晶、包析反应,其长大速度较慢.综述了铝基准晶合金的性能,铝基准晶具有高的硬度、高的弹性模量及高的强度,室温下塑性小,表现为脆性;铝基准晶具有优良的抗腐蚀性能;铝基准晶具有低摩擦因数和抗摩损的特征.对铝基非晶合金的应用进行了评述.     

Cu-P-Sn-Ni钎料真空钎焊MGH956合金的研究

为扩展Cu-P基钎料在连接MGH956合金中的应用,采用新型Cu-P-Sn-Ni钎料对MGH956合金在800~890℃进行了真空钎焊,研究了不同钎焊温度和保温时间对焊缝组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:在所研究的钎焊温度范围内保温5 min均可获得成形效果良好的钎焊接头,其主要由钎缝中心区和界面反应层组成,其中,钎缝中心区由α(Cu)固溶体基体和化合物Cu_3P+(Fe,Ni)_3P+FeCr组成,反应层由α(Fe)固溶体、Fe_3P和Cu_3P组成;随着钎焊温度的升高,反应层厚度逐渐增加,钎缝中心区中的化合物Cu_3P+(Fe,Ni)_3P+FeCr的形态也随之发生明显改变;各钎焊温度下获得的钎焊接头经室温拉伸,断裂均发生在钎缝中心区,断口形貌呈现韧性和脆性的混合断裂特征.830℃钎焊5 min的接头抗拉强度最大,为510.3 MPa,达到了母材抗拉强度的70.9%.     

退火温度对冷轧Ti-13V-3Al-0.5Cu形状记忆合金组织结构与马氏体相变的影响

使用XRD、TEM、DSC和室温拉伸等分析测试手段,对冷轧后经不同退火温度处理的Ti-13V-3Al-0.5Cu(%,原子分数)合金微观组织结构,马氏体相变行为,力学性能和形状记忆性能进行了研究。经冷轧、退火处理后,合金在室温下的组织主要为α"马氏体相,存在少量残余β母相、α相和Ti₂Cu第二相。随着退火温度的增加,合金形状记忆性能先升高后降低;当退火温度为750℃时,在预应变量为6%的前提下可实现5.3%的可回复应变。其组织结构观察结果表明,经冷轧、退火处理后,合金中α"马氏体形貌由“V”字型自协作组态向择优取向的单一取向马氏体板条转化,界面可动性提升,马氏体临界再取向应力降低,形状记忆性能提高。     

Investigation on the Microstructure Homogenization in a TiAl Based Alloy Prepared by Elemental Powder Metallurgy

1.IntroductionTiAlbasedalloyhasdrawnintensiveattentioninhightemperaturestructuralmaterialarea,be-causeofitslowdensity,excellellthightemperaturepropertiesf1~2].However,itspoorworkabilityisanobstacleforitsapplication.Inordertoovercomethisdifficulty,extensiveworkhasbeenconductedtoim-proveitsworkabi1ityandnearnetshaping.Elementalpowdermetallurgy(EPM)hasbeenusedforfabricatingTiAl-basedalloys,becauseofitstwoapparentadvantages'lowcostandconvenientad-ditionofalloyelemellts[3].Thistechniqueincludesr…