Polymorphism of the Ag8S4O4 and Ag6S3O4 compounds

Experimental results of the reaction occurring between aqueous solutions of AgNO₃ and Na₂S₂O₃ were presented in this work. It has been demonstrated that these reagents form two phases to which the summary formulas: -Ag₈S₄O₄ and -Ag₆S₃O₄ were ascribed. The -Ag₈S₄O₄ phase crystallizes in a tetragonal system and has the following parameters of the unit cell: a = b = 0.72052 nm, c = 0.51140 nm, V = 0.26550 nm³, Z = 1, d_x = 6.60 g/cm³. At 223°C -Ag₈S₄O₄ undergoes an irreversible, endothermic polymorphic transition. The heat of this transition amounts 8.03 × 10^–3 J/mol. A high-temperature polymorphic form -Ag₈S₄O₄ melts at 400°C. The -Ag₆S₃O₄ phase crystallizes in a monoclinic system and has the following parameters of the unit cell:a = 2.09616 nm, b = 0.53118 nm, c = 1.49885 nm, = 102.78°, V = 1.62753 nm³, Z = 8, d_x = 6.59 g/cm³. -Ag₆S₃O₄ also undergoes an irreversible, endothermic polymorphic transition at 221°C. The heat of this transition amounts 7.65 × 10^–3 J/mol. A high-temperature form, -Ag₆S₃O₄, melts at 390°C.     

Tunneling spectroscopy on the superconducting Chevrel-phase compounds Cu1.8Mo6S8 and PbMo6S8

The Chevrel-phase compounds PbMo₆S₈ and Cu_1.8Mo₆S₈ have been investigated by tunneling spectroscopy. These superconductors show a very strong electron-phonon interaction expressed by 42₀/kT _c5. Structures in the tunneling density of states have been observed at most energies where the phonon spectra show maxima. The coupling of high-energy modes of the Mo₆S₈ units and of modes associated with displacements of the Pb (Cu) atoms are discussed.     

Electrical resistivity and microstructures of sputtered CuxMo6S8 films

The resistivity of superconducting Cu_xMo₆S₈ films prepared by sputtering was measured between 10 and 300 K. Using a scanning electron microscope, the microstructures of the films with different preparation conditions were examined. The broadly varying values of the measured resistivities were explained on the basis of the particular microstructures of the films.     

LiTa3O8薄膜制备与电性能研究

以乙醇锂和乙醇钽为起始反应物, 用溶胶-凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si衬底上制备了新型钽酸锂LiTa₃O₈铁电薄膜. 经XRD图谱对比, 该薄膜结构不同于LiTaO₃晶体结构, 与正交相结构类似. SEM分析显示经过750℃结晶退火的LiTa₃O₈薄膜表面均匀平整无裂纹, 膜厚约为1μm. 实验结果表明, 在450kV/cm时, LiTa₃O₈薄膜剩余极化强度P_r为9.3μC/cm², 矫顽场强E_c为126.8kV/cm; 在9.5kV/cm时, LiTa₃O₈薄膜漏电电流为8.85×10^-9A/cm², 比LiTaO₃薄膜漏电小; 在1kHz时, LiTa₃O₈薄膜介电常数为58.4, 介电损耗为0.26. 溶胶-凝胶法制备的 LiTa₃O₈薄膜结晶温度比LiTaO₃薄膜高50℃以上.     

LiTa308薄膜制备与电性能研究

以乙醇锂和乙醇钽为起始反应物,用溶胶一凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si衬底上制备了新型钽酸锂LiTa3O8铁电薄膜.经XRD图谱对比,该薄膜结构不同于LiTaO3晶体结构,与正交相结构类似. SEM分析显示经过750℃结晶退火的LiTa3O8薄膜表面均匀平整无裂纹,膜厚约为1μm.实验结果表明,在450kV/cm时,LiTa3O8薄膜剩余极化强度Pr为9.3μC/cm2,矫顽场强Ec为126.8kV/cm;在9.5kV/cm时,LiTa3O8薄膜漏电电流为8.85x10-9A/cm2,比LiTaO3薄膜漏电小;在1kHz时,LiTa3O8薄膜介电常数为58.4,介电损耗为0.26.溶胶-凝胶法制备的LiTa3O8薄膜结晶温度比LiTaO3薄膜高50℃以上.     

Crystal structures of Ba4CaCu3O8+δ and Ba6CaCu3O10+δ

The crystal structures of the two ternary compounds, Ba₄CaCu₃O_8+δ and Ba₆CaCu₃O_10+δ, have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction combined with Rietveld analysis. We found that the Ba₄CaCu₃O_8+δ phase has a cubic structure (Im–3m, a=8.1515(1) Å, δ=+0.8) for high oxygen content as reported in the literature but undergoes a transformation into a tetragonal structure (I4/mmm, a=8.1888(1) Å, c=8.0634(1) Å for δ=−0.3) when the oxygen content is lowered. The crystal structure of Ba₆CaCu₃O_10+δ (I4/mmm, a=4.0463(1) Å, c=21.7322(4) Å for δ=+0.2) is confirmed. Changes in the c value with sintering conditions suggest a variable oxygen content with no structure transformation.     

Dielectric properties of nanophase Ag2HgI4 and Ag2HgI4-Al2O3 nanocomposites

The dielectric properties of nanophase Ag₂HgI₄ and Ag₂HgI₄-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites at different frequencies have been studied over a temperature range covering the stability range of β phase of Ag₂HgI₄ and beyond the β to a phase transition temperature. έ′, tan δ and σ_a.c. of nanophase Ag₂HgI₄ and Ag₂HgI₄-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites were found to be larger than the reported values for polycrystalline pellets of Ag₂HgI₄. The dielectric properties of the nanocomposites were found to be a function of the wt.% of nano alumina. The observed changes are attributed to the grain boundary properties of nanophase materials and to the microsize space charge effects.     

Electrical resistivity and superconductivity in the chevrel phase compounds of the type Cu1.8Mo6S8—ySey (0 ⩽ y ⩽ 8) and Cu1.8Mo6S8—y Tey, (0 ⩽ y ⩽ 4)

The superconducting transition temperatures and normal state residual electrical resistivities of the ternary Chevrel phase compounds Cu_1.8Mo₆S_8-YSe_y (0 ?y ? 8) and Cu_1.8Mo₆S_8-y Te_y (0 ? y ?4) are reported. The data are examined for possible correlations with structural parameters of the rhombohedral unit call and the residual resistivity values. It is found that T_c decreases as the c/a ratio increases and as the rhombohedral angle approaches 90°. There is also an inverse correlation between T_c and the normal residual resistivity of the samples.     

Electrical properties of LaBi8Fe5Ti3O27

LaBi₈Fe₅Ti₃O₂₇, an important member of the family of bismuth layered structure ferroelectromagnetics, was prepared by a standard high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. Preliminary X-ray structural analysis exhibited the formation of single-phase compound with an orthorhombic structure. Scanning electron micrograph of the material exhibits the uniform grain distribution throughout the sample. Dielectric measurements were also performed on these samples. Combined impedance and modulus plots were used as tools to analyze the sample behavior as a function of frequency. The dc and ac conductivity measurements were performed on the samples.     

Study of the pseudoternary compounds Sn1.2−xErxMo6S8 and SnMo6S8−xSex and their superconducting critical temperatures

The solid solutions Sn_1.2?xEr_xMo₆S₈ and SnMo₆S_8?xSe_x are examined crystallographically and correlations between lattice parameters and superconducting transition temperatures are discussed.     

Composition, Structure, and Thermal Expansion of Ca3Fe4S3O6 and CaFeSO

The iron calcium oxysulfides Ca₃Fe₄S₃O₆ and CaFeSO are synthesized by reacting mixtures of CaO and FeS in an inert atmosphere. Their elemental compositions and lattice parameters are determined by x-ray microanalysis and x-ray diffraction. From the temperature-dependent lattice parameters of the oxysulfides (measured up to 1020 K), their thermal expansion coefficients are evaluated.     

Photoelectrochemical properties of metal-cluster oxide compounds,A2Mo3O8 and (LiY)Mo3O8

PEC studies on the single crystals of the metal-cluster oxide compounds. A₂Mo₃O₈ (A = Zn, Mg, Fe), and polycrystalline LiYMo₃O₈ are reported. The photoresponse behaviour is attributed to the Mod-d transition. The photopotential, the photocurrent vs applied voltage and the wavelength data indicate thatn-Zn₂Mo₃O₈ is stable and possesses a small and indirect band gap of 1·55 eV and a direct band gap of 1·9 eV. With change in A ions in A₂Mo₃O₈, there is no significant change in the PEC properties. LiYMo₃O₈ is found to be ofp-type. PEC studies show that excepting for poor electronic conductivity, A₂Mo₃O₈ possesses all the requisitie characteristics of an ideal photoanode for PAE of water for trapping solar energy.     

Ag包覆Fe3O4复合粉体的制备及其性能研究

用化学镀法,甲醛为还原剂,制备Fe3O4/Ag包覆复合粉体.用XRD、SEM和EDX对粉体进行表征.用重法测定粉体的抗氧化性能,并研究了AgNO3用量对Fe3O4/Ag包覆复合粉体的导电性能的影响.结果表明,用该法制备的Fe3O4/Ag包覆复合粉体能够实现表面银层包覆完整;Fe3O4粉镀银后的抗氧化性能得到一定程度的提高;AgNO3用量越多,Fe3O4/Ag包覆复合粉体的导电性能越好.     

Fe3O4／Ag复合纳米材料的制备及SERS研究

采用乙酰丙酮铁作为有机前驱体盐,在二苄基醚溶液中,以油酸、油胺为表面活性剂,十六醇作为“分解促进剂”,分解前驱体乙酰丙酮铁,制备四氧化三铁纳米颗粒。以四氧化三铁纳米颗粒为“种子”,加入醋酸银,以油胺为还原剂,制备Fe3O4/Ag复合磁性纳米材料。利用透射电子显微镜对纳米材料的形貌进行了表征,通过紫外～可见吸收光谱和拉曼光谱仪对纳米材料的表面增强拉曼散射光谱进行表研究,采用铷硼磁铁对磁性纳米材料的磁性进行初步研究。实验结果表明：FelO2／Ag复合磁性纳米颗粒既具有磁性又具有贵金属光谱特性;相对Fe304而言,Fe3O4/Ag复合纳米粒子具有更好的s隙S增强效果。     

On the microscopic interaction in the Chevrel compounds Cu2Mo6S8 and Mo6Se8

The available data on the superconducting properties of Cu₂Mo₆S₈ and Mo₆Se₈ are used to gain some insight into their microscopic parameters ² F() and *, the electron-photon spectral density and Coulomb pseudopotential, respectively. While thermodynamic data play a prominent role in the analysis, use is also made of information on the generalized phonon frequency distributionG() and, for the case of Cu₂Mo₆S₈, on the second derivative of current-voltage tunneling data. The parameters obtained are tested against upper critical magnetic field data. The work suggests that the electron mass enhancement parameter may be of order 2 with * unusually large.     

An upper limit for the anharmonicity of the cation modes in the superconducting chevrel-phase compounds PbMo6S8 and SnMo6S8

PbMo₆S₈ and SnMo₆S₈ have low-lying phonon modes involving mainly motion of the Pb or Sn cation. It has long been believed that these cation modes are highly anharmonic. By examining the inelastic neutron scattering, x-ray diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility data in the literature, however, it is shown that these modes are nearly harmonic at room temperature. There is no evidence that they are anharmonic at low temperature. From the observed frequency of the cation modes at room temperature, the delocalization of the cation perpendicular to the trigonal axis is calculated. The calculated delocalization agrees well with that indicated by the x-ray diffraction data.     

The carboxylate magnetic – Zinc based metal-organic framework heterojunction: Fe3O4-COOH@ZIF-8/Ag/Ag3PO4 for plasmon enhanced visible light Z-scheme photocatalysis

In this work, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) grafted with carboxylic acid (Fe₃O₄-COOH MNPs) were successfully prepared from incorporation of glutaric anhydride as a functional group on the surface of the ferrite NPs. The MNP was used as a template to induce the growth of ZIF-8 metal–organic framework (MOF) on its surface. The Fe₃O₄-COOH@ZIF-8 core-shell was incorporated with silver phosphate (Ag₃PO₄) and Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to develop a visible light active Fe₃O₄-COOH@ZIF-8/Ag/Ag₃PO₄ photocatalyst. The materials were characterized using a range of techniques. The photocatalytic activity was investigated systematically by degrading an organo-phosphorus pesticide, diazinon under visible light irradiation. Among synthesized samples, the Fe₃O₄-COOH@ZIF-8/Ag/Ag₃PO₄ heterostructured system exhibited highest photocatalytic activity and improved stability compared to others for the degradation of diazinon under visible light. The superior activity and improved stability of this heterostructured photocatalyst was attributed to the synergistic effects from surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag NPs and sequential energy transfer via Z-scheme mechanism, for effective separation of electron-hole pairs. Radical-trapping experiments demonstrate that holes (h⁺) and O₂⁻ are primary reactive species involved in photocatalytic oxidation process. Moreover, the Fe₃O₄-COOH@ZIF-8/Ag/Ag₃PO₄ photocatalyst did not show any obvious loss of photocatalytic activity during five cycle tests, which indicate that the heterostructured photocatalyst was highly stable and can be used repeatedly. Therefore, the work provides new insights into the design and fabrication of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for use as a visible light photocatalyst for degrading organic contaminants.