炭黑填充丁苯/天然橡胶的电磁屏蔽性能

研究炭黑分别填充丁苯橡胶和丁苯/天然（50：50）并用橡胶的力学性能、导电性能和电磁屏蔽效能。对比发现,单组分丁苯橡胶体系的硬度、拉伸和撕裂性能均小于丁苯/天然橡胶并用体系。由于炭黑在并用体系中分布偏聚,体系的导电渗流阈值降低,相同炭黑含量时并用体系样品的体电阻率变小,电磁屏蔽效能增大。采用并用橡胶体系是减小复合材料导电渗流阈值,改善其力学性能的有效方法。     

后段无压力约束硫化工艺对导电橡胶性能的影响

导电橡胶硫化工艺会影响其性能。为了进一步优化导电橡胶的性能,系统研究了后段无压力约束硫化工艺对导电橡胶导电性能、交联密度、电磁屏蔽效能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:后段无压力约束硫化工艺可明显增加导电橡胶交联密度,从而减缓硅橡胶基体的老化,由此提高其导电和电磁屏蔽的稳定性,使其电磁屏蔽效能在750 kHz~3 GHz频段内较长时间保持在100 dB以上;尽管该工艺会使导电橡胶的硬度明显增加,柔性降低,但其仍可满足使用要求。     

紫外光固化电磁屏蔽涂料的特性研究

以镀银铜粉为导电填料,以聚氨酯丙烯酸酯UV光固化树脂为基体材料,研制了UV光固化电磁屏蔽导电涂料。测试结果表明:该涂料的导电性能不但与填料含量、引发剂种类和含量有关,而且随涂层厚度的增强其电磁屏蔽效能增大。     

FIP电磁屏蔽导电橡胶储存稳定性的研究

针对现场成型(FIP)电磁屏蔽导电橡胶在储存和运输过程中产生的性能变差问题,系统研究了真空密封条件下不同储存温度对导电橡胶性能的影响并且在合适的温度下测试其性能。研究结果表明:FIP电磁屏蔽导电橡胶在–15℃下储存3个月不发生硫化,并且其力学性能、导电性能及流动性均保持稳定。     

聚苯胺导电纤维对电磁屏蔽效能的影响

本文介绍了聚苯胺导电纤维对电磁屏蔽效能的影响。聚苯胺（PANI）是最重要的导电聚合物之一,金属材料与导电聚苯胺复合形成屏蔽组分有效提高了复合电磁屏蔽材料的高频电磁屏蔽效能,从而扩展了屏蔽材料的屏蔽带宽。本文分析了复合电磁屏蔽材料中聚苯胺导电纤维对屏蔽效能的贡献及作用机理。结果表明聚苯胺与基体树脂相溶形成基体导电网络,有效阻碍了高频电磁波的穿透,是提高高频电磁屏蔽效能的主要原因。     

石墨、炭黑及白炭黑在橡胶中的微观结构分析

本文用ＳＥＭ技术对石墨，炭黑及白灰黑三种导电粒子导电硅橡胶中的结构分布形态进行了分析，结果发现，石墨在橡胶基体中的均匀分布，且不聚焦，炭黑和白炭黑在橡胶基体中都有聚焦成环球的现象，当炭黑和白炭黑共存时，其聚焦程度增大，由此可见，白炭黑对炭黑的聚集有影响，此外，有关导电粒子对导电硅聚橡胶导电机制的影响也进行了分析。     

点胶成形导电橡胶在电磁屏蔽技术中的应用

点胶成形导电橡胶是一种新型的高性能电磁屏蔽复合材料,被专门设计成流体状态,以满足自动化生产中,金属或塑料外壳上应用导电弹性体的大批量、高速度增长需求.相比于传统模压或挤出工艺制备的导电橡胶材料,其独特的使用方式、准确的安装定位性能和高屏蔽性能,非常适用于具有精细和复杂结构壳体的电磁屏蔽和环境密封.在现有的抑制EMI的应用中,点胶成形导电橡胶技术因总成本最低而得到越来越多的应用.介绍了点胶成形导电橡胶的特点、使用方法、设计安装要点和国内外的研究及应用现状.     

怎样正确选择电磁屏蔽衬垫

在通信、计算机、自动化、医疗等商用电子设备上选择最有效的电磁屏蔽衬垫时,通常可以考虑以下三种衬垫类型:导电橡胶、导电布、铍铜指簧。依据设备的不同需要,这几种类型的衬垫可提供不同程度的电磁屏蔽,适合不同的形状和环境密封的要求。 在设计和选择电磁屏蔽衬垫时,应主要考虑以下因素: ●衬垫形状; ●机械耐久性; ●衰减水平,多数商用设备要求衰减量达到60～100分贝,最高至120分贝。 ●压缩量,多数商用设备考虑低闭合力设计。压缩量对导电橡胶的屏蔽效能有很大影响。由于导电橡胶所采用的填料不同,其导电性有高有低,所以导电橡胶可达到屏蔽效能范围较宽。     

导电织物的电磁屏蔽性能研究

通过对金属纤维含量不同的混纺织物的电磁屏蔽效能测试,对导电织物的屏蔽性能进行了研究。分析了无限大金属网电磁屏蔽效能解析模型与金属纤维混纺织物的屏蔽效能之间的区别,并进一步研究了金属纤维密度和类型、织物的组织结构、金属纤维在纱线结构中的分布和经纬纱线的排列等因素对导电织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响。     

柔性导电硅橡胶复合材料的制备及其压阻性能

将镀银导电纤维填料与硅橡胶复合,制备了柔性导电橡胶复合材料。研究了导电橡胶电导率、电阻蠕变行为及压阻性能随填料长径比、含量的变化。结果表明:导电橡胶的渗流阈值,随着镀银导电纤维填料长径比的增大而减小;恒定应力下,导电橡胶的电阻蠕变表现为电导率随时间非线性增加;在1.0MPa应力范围内,导电橡胶电导率的变化呈现出正压阻变化效应(PPCR);随着填料质量分数的增大,压应力的增加,导电橡胶的压阻效应变得不明显。     

Nondestructive Evaluation of Rubber Compounds by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy

Rubber compounds were investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Terahertz absorption spectra of crude rubbers and additives were measured as well as those of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber compounds, which included the additives. It was found that carbon black, which is one of the additives and serves as a filler, dominates the terahertz absorption owing to its metallic characteristics. Thus, terahertz spectroscopy is a useful method for rapid nondestructive inspection during the rubber production.     

Electromagnetic shielding of nylon-66 composites applied to laser modules

Electromagnetic shielding of nylon-66 composites applied to laser modules was studied experimentally and theoretically. The effects of conductive carbon fiber length and weight percentage upon the shielding effectiveness (SE) of nylon composites were investigated. The SE of long carbon fiber filled nylon-66 composites was found to be higher than short carbon fiber composites under the same weight percentage of carbon fibers. In addition, higher electromagnetic shielding was obtained for the composite with higher carbon fibers contents at the same length. The SE of conductive carbon fiber filled nylon-66 composites was measured to be 42 dB at a low frequency of 30 MHz and 50 dB at a high frequency of 1 GHz. The SE predicted by theoretical models and measured by experiments were in good agreement for filled nylon-66 composites with different length fiber.     

Microstructure and microwave absorption properties of MWCNTs reinforced magnesium matrix composites fa- briccated by FSP

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) reinforced magnesium matrix (MWCNTs/Mg) composites were successfully fabricated by friction stir processing (FSP). Microstructure and microwave-absorption properties of WCNTs/Mg composites are studied. The results show that with increasing the MWCNTs content to 7.1% in volume fraction, the agglomeration of MWCNTs is found in the WCNTs/Mg composites. The addition of MWCNTs has little effect on microwave-absorption properties. With increasing the frequency from 2 GHz to 18 GHz, the microwave absorption of the composites decreases. Compared with the absorption loss of the MWCNTs, the reflection loss of base material takes the most part of the loss of the microwave, and the increase of the reflection loss can promote electromagnetic shielding properties of the composites. Moreover, the electromagnetic shielding properties of the composites are less than ?85 dB in the lower frequency range from 0.1 MHz to 3 GHz. With increasing the content of MWCNTs, the electrical conductivity of the composites is decreased, and the electromagnetic shielding properties is slightly enhanced.     

Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Fused Silica Composites

A series of novel, dense, and interesting ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC)/fused silica composites with different carbon contents has been prepared by a controllable but simple sol‐gel method followed by hot‐pressing. In the as‐sintered OMC/fused silica composites the carbon particles still exist in the form of perfectly ordered carbon nanowires. Conductivity measurements on the composites indicate that these novel composites are electrically conductive and have a typical percolation threshold of 3.5–5 vol% OMC. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency (SE) of an OMC/fused silica composite containing 10 vol% OMC is as high as 40 dB in the X band which is higher than that of a carbon nanotube (CNT)/ fused silica composite with the same carbon content (～30 dB). This indicates that these conductive OMC/fused silica composites are very suitable for an application as EMI shielding materials. Upon increasing the volume content of OMC in the composite the overall contribution as well as the increase rate of the microwave absorption are larger than those of the microwave reflection, which suggest that OMC/fused silica composites may also be promising electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials. Based on the promising properties of these composites this work will hopefully lead to the development of new low‐cost and highly efficient EMI shielding or EM wave absorbing materials.     

Low-cost and low-electromagnetic-interference packaging of optical transceiver modules

The low-cost and low-electromagnetic-interference (EMI) packaging of optical transceiver modules employing housings of plastic composites are developed and fabricated. Optical transceiver modules fabricated by the plastic composites with transmission rates of 1.25 and 2.5 Gb/s are tested to evaluate the electromagnetic (EM) shielding against emitted radiation from the plastic packaging. The results show that these packaged optical transceiver modules with their high shielding effectiveness (SE) are suitable for use in low-cost and low-EMI Gigabit Ethernet lightwave transmission systems. By comparison of cost, weight, and shielding performance for optical transceiver modules fabricated by the housings of nylon and liquid-crystal polymer with carbon fiber filler composites, woven continuous carbon fiber (WCCF), and nanoscale hollow carbon nanocapulses (HCNCs) epoxy composites, the WCCF composite shows lower cost, lighter weight, and higher EM shielding than the other types of composites. Future studies may develop the low-cost and low-EMI optical transceiver modules using nanoscale HCNCs that have the combination of excellent physical and mechanical properties, light weight, and thinness compared with the conventional fabrication techniques.     

碳基纳米吸波材料制备的研究进展

为探索民用电磁屏蔽和军用隐形碳基高性能吸波材料的制备,研究了碳纳米管和磁性金属复合,碳纳〖JP2〗米管和铁氧体复合,碳纳米管/聚合物复合,碳、石墨基复合等碳基吸波材料的不同复合和制备方法,比较了其反射损耗等不同的特点、影响因素和性能特点及其相关应用。结果表明,多元复合、低维化、工艺优化是其制备的有效途径。     

Hybridization of oxidized MWNT and silver powder in polyurethane matrix for electromagnetic interference shielding application

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are chemically modified with respect to various different oxidative conditions, including the acid concentration, treatment time, and temperature. The conductivity of polyurethane (PU) composites filled with the MWNTs oxidized under optimal condition is measured as a function of frequency with the content of MWNTs and analyzed using percolation theory. Because the PU composites filled only with the MWNTs cannot satisfy the requirements for materials providing shielding against electromagnetic waves, conductive polymer composites are fabricated by the hybridization of MWNTs with Ag flakes. It is observed that a small amount of the MWNTs remarkably enhances the conductivity and shielding effectiveness of the MWNT/Ag flake/PU composites, by bridging the gap between the flaky Ag clusters. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of the composites can be controlled from about 60 dB to more than 80 dB at an extremely low loading level of both the MWNTs and the Ag flakes in the frequency range from 10 to 1000 MHz.     

Effective electromagnetic shielding of plastic packaging in low-cost optical transceiver modules

A low-cost plastic package of the standard 1 /spl times/ 9 type with effective electromagnetic (EM) shielding ability is developed. Optical transceiver modules with transmission rates of 155 Mb/s and 1.25 Gb/s are tested to evaluate the EM shielding against emitted radiation from the plastic packaging. The results show that the packaged optical transceiver modules exhibit shielding effectiveness (SE) of over 20 dB. The EM shielding properties of plastic materials consisting of nylon66 and liquid crystal polymer (LCP) with carbon fiber reinforced are investigated. The effects of weight percentage of fibers, carbon fiber length, and material thickness on the SE of the plastic composites are studied both from the plane-wave and near-field sources approaches. The packaged plastic optical transceiver modules with their good SE are suitable for use in low-cost and low electromagnetic interference (EMI) Gigabit Ethernet lightwave transmission systems.     

Effects of sample thickness and fiber aspect ratio on EMI shieldingeffectiveness of carbon fiber filled polychloroprene composites in theX-band frequency range

The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness and return loss of short carbon-filled polychloroprene rubber composites of varying sample thickness and fiber aspect ratio were studied in the frequency range of 8 to 12 GHz (X-band). It was observed that composites prepared by the cement-mixed method with high fiber aspect ratio (L/D=100) show higher shielding effectiveness and lower return loss than the composites prepared by the mill-mixed method with low fiber aspect ratio (L/D=25). This indicates that loss due to absorption increases with increasing fiber aspect ratio. A similar effect has also been observed with increasing sample thickness