Consideration of wheel slip and readhesion control for induction traction motor electric locomotives with individual traction control

We have developed a readhesion control algorithm of the traction inverter for individual motor control locomotives. This paper describes improvements in dealing with wheel slip and readhesion control for individual‐axle electric locomotives. The major torque control is based on feedback of the difference between the basic speed of the locomotive and the individual axle speed. By combining two torque control methods, we have obtained better readhesion characteristics: little influence of dynamic axle load transfer and a high achievable coefficient of adhesion exceeding 30%. These torque control characteristics were estimated test runs and the stability limits of feedback gain are shown. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 169(3): 56–64, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20883     

感应电机直接转矩控制系统

为了确定影响感应电机直接转矩控制系统稳态性能的主要因素,使用自己开发的仿真软件包进行了仿真实验分析,指出了定子电阻、磁链滞环容差和转矩滞环容差是影响感应电机直接转矩控制系统性能的三个主要因素.定子电阻主要对磁链轨迹影响较大,磁链滞环容差和转矩滞环容差主要影响定子电流谐波和电机转矩,并提出了一些补偿措施.这些结论为进一步改进系统性能提供了一些依据.     

Application of induction motor speed sensorless vector control to railway vehicle traction

Pulse generators (PGs) are equipped to detect the rotor frequency of induction traction motors for torque control in railway vehicle traction field. Eliminating PGs is preferable from the viewpoints of increasing the reliability of the traction system, reduction of both the initial and maintenance cost, and downsizing induction traction motors. Expecting those advantages, we have been studying the application of a sensorless control method to induction traction motor control. Prior to some reports of studies and tests to apply speed sensorless strategy to railway vehicle traction we launched ideas to apply the speed sensorless control strategy and results of the studies and tests. In this paper, we present the novel control method for railway vehicle traction and some results of theoretical study and tests. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 161(2): 69–77, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20273     

直线感应电机推力和法向力的解析计算与分析

针对直线感应电机特有的边缘效应对气隙磁场引起的畸变以及法向力不易解析计算的问题,通过电磁场分析量化表征纵向边缘效应对磁场的负面作用,并使用有效初级绕组相感应电势的方式得到等效系数.对导磁层和导电层的横向边缘效应,分别给出了相应的修正系数.给出计算直线感应电机运动方向磁密与法向力的解析方法.仿真计算与实验结果的比较表明:该方法能够准确定量计算不同气隙和供电频率下的推力和法向力的变化曲线,通过推力与速度、推力与气隙、法向力与速度等曲线,计算方法物理意义明确、计算简单,能够满足工程计算的需要.     

异步电机按定子磁场定向的转差频率控制

在分析现有转差频率控制方案优缺点的基础上，提出一种按定子磁场定向的转差频率控制方案。利用坐标变换和磁场定向原理，建立按定子磁场定向的异步电机数学模型。新系统通过定子电压直轴分量直接控制定子磁链的变化率；在转速通道中，电流调节器的输出作为转差频率，继承了标量型转差频率控制方案的优点。新系统的动态控制算法不依赖于转子电阻和电感参数。结果表明，新系统具有良好的静、动态性能和鲁性棒。     

一种十五相感应电机的矢量控制算法

在已有多相电机系统研究的基础上,研究了一种新型的十五相感应电机矢量控制算法.详细推导了该种十五相感应电机的数学模型,并在此基础上推导了十五相感应电机的矢量控制算法,给出了系统的控制框图.系统试验结果表明了该矢量控制算法的正确性和可行性,将该算法应用于实际的十五相感应电机矢量控制系统中,可以取得对电机良好的控制效果,该十五相感应电机矢量控制算法可直接应用于兆瓦级大功率十五相感应电机系统中.     

牵引电机转子铁心感应加热技术研究

本文通过对牵引电机转子铁心感应加热过程中的工艺理论分析、模拟仿真和试验验证,研究了不同感应加热程序对加热效率和温度场分布的影响.温度场仿真与试验验证结果表明,通过选取合理的感应加热参数,可实现对牵引电机转子铁心的快速均匀加热.     

Inertia-lowering control of induction motor

There are many requests for selecting freely the moment of inertia, even though the moment of inertia is determined by the materials, structure, shape, and size of the motors. From the standpoint of control, reducing the moment of inertia will make it possible to construct well-controlled drive systems and expand the applications in which a motor may be used to replace another nonelectric machine. An “inertia-lowering control” system has been developed that uses disturbance observer to reduce inertia. To realize this control system with vector-controlled induction motors, the equations and machine constants needed for designing the systems have been clarified. A digital signal processor and a microprocessor were adopted for induction motor control, and good results were obtained through the experiments.     

感应电机系统的非线性反推自适应控制

针对感应电机的动态特性,在电机参数未知的前提下,研究了磁链与转速的渐近跟踪特性和整个系统的全局稳定性问题.应用反推技术设计了自适应控制器,对所有参数进行估计,实现了电机对给定信号的输出跟踪控制,保证了整个系统的全局稳定性.系统的转子磁链与转速能渐近跟踪给定的参考信号,仿真结果验证了该控制策略的有效性.     

电动车用感应电机弱磁控制研究

针对弱磁阶段电机转矩下降的问题,在弱磁阶段电压控制策略的基础上,通过适当的选择漏感,提出了一种简化的电压控制策略。采用该方法能够使电机在整个弱磁阶段输出转矩保持最大,并确保非理想磁场定向条件下的转矩和升速性能。利用Maflab建立感应电机驱动系统模型仿真,将仿真结果与传统的弱磁控制进行比较,可以看到转矩性能较传统的方法有20％的提高,证实了此方法的可行性。     

感应电机控制策略综述

介绍了感应电机控制策略的发展,对转速开环恒压频比控制、磁场定向矢量控制、直接转矩控制、反馈线性化控制、滑模变结构控制与智能控制等控制策略进行了理论与实际运用的探讨,并分析了各种控制策略的优缺点,提出控制策略的发展方向。     

异步电动机无速度传感器的矢量控制

对交流异步电动机无速度传感器的矢量控制进行了综述 ,分析了几种控制方案的原理 ,指出了它们各自的优点与不足 ,并就今后的研究发展方向提出了一些设想     

双馈感应电动机的鲁棒H∞控制

斜对电流型双馈调速感应电动机的数学模型,应用直接反馈线性化的方法,建立了鲁棒控制模型,进行模型的不确定性和干扰分析,并在H∞控制理论基础上得出H∞控制器.仿真结果表明,鲁棒H∞控制可以避免电机受参数变化的影响,改善双馈电动机的运行性能,使其具有高精度抗干扰的特性.     

Position control of the induction motor using a passivity-basedcontroller

Most position tracking applications employ either DC or permanent-magnet motors. In this paper, an induction motor drive for position control applications is proposed. Such a drive adopts a passivity-based controller which mainly differs from the others because its formulation emphasizes system energy properties and behavior. The controller has simple equations and good robustness without using complex flux observers and the exact knowledge of the motor parameters, as well. The proposed drive has been practically implemented, achieving satisfactory results     

Decoupled direct control for PWM inverter-fed induction motor drives

A new direct torque and stator flux control method is presented for pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter-fed induction motors. This new strategy, called decoupled direct control (DDC), is based on a decoupling matrix that allows for the separate control of the stator flux and the torque. This method is compared to the well-known direct field-oriented control (FOC) and stator flux vector control (SFVC) methods. Two DDC-based methods are presented. The first determines the stator voltage vector such that the torque and the flux track their respective reference trajectories in one sampling time. The second sets separately the dynamic behavior of the torque and stator flux errors by the use of proportional-plus integral (PI)-type controllers. These methods take into account the full motor dynamics without the need of a coordinate transformation and reduce significantly computation requirements compared to FOC and SFVC. The two proposed strategies have been implemented experimentally and comparisons with FOC and SFVC were carried out. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed PI-DDC strategy.     

A modified direct torque control for induction motor sensorlessdrive

Direct torque control (DTC) is known to produce quick and robust response in AC drives. However, during steady state, notable torque, flux and current pulsations occur. They are reflected in speed estimation, speed response, and also in increased acoustical noise. This paper introduces a new direct torque and flux control based on space-vector modulation (DTC-SVM) for induction motor sensorless drives. It is able to reduce the acoustical noise, the torque, flux, current, and speed pulsations during steady state. The DTC transient merits are preserved, while better quality steady-state performance is produced in sensorless implementation for a wide speed range. The flux and torque estimator is presented and an improved voltage-current model speed observer is introduced. The proposed control topologies, simulations, implementation data, and test results with DTC and DTC-SVM are given and discussed. It is concluded that the proposed control topology produces better results for steady-state operation than the classical DTC     

一种新的异步电动机调速系统的混合控制方法

矢量控制(FOC)和直接转矩控制(DTC)是目前高性能异步电动机调速系统中的两种主要控制方法.研究和工程实践表明,这两种方法各有优缺点,国内外很多学者也提出了很多方案,试图改进和完善这两种控制方法.本文从全新的思路出发,尝试把这两种方法结合到一个控制系统中,取长补短,形成一种新的混合控制方法.该方法使用户可以根据实际运行的不同需要,在线灵活地切换到合适的控制方法(FOC或DTC),以提高控制性能.为了实现两种控制方法之间的平滑切换,本文把传统的PI控制器改造成可重置PI控制器.仿真和实验结果表明,这种可重置PI控制器可以有效减少FOC和DTC切换时造成的系统波动,同时能保持原有控制系统的性能,提高了本文提出的混合控制方法的实用价值.     

矢量控制异步电动机的自适应控制和参数辨识

在矢量控制异步电动机数学模型的基础上，针对电机转子电阻和负载转矩变化的不确定性，应用非线性控制的理论，设计了一个渐近跟踪负载转矩和转子电阻实际值的非线性辨识算法，实现了参数的自动跟踪，并建立了非线性自适应控制的方案。仿真结果表明，辨识算法具有快捷准确的优点，使系统具有一定的鲁棒性和较好的稳、动态性能。     

Digital field-oriented control for dual three-phase induction motor drives

A direct rotor-field-oriented control of a dual-three phase induction motor drive is described in this paper. The induction machine has two sets of stator three-phase windings spatially shifted by 30 electrical degrees. The stator windings are fed by a current-controlled pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) six-phase voltage-source inverter. Three key issues are discussed: (1) the machine dynamic model is based on the vector space decomposition theory; (2) the PWM strategy uses the double zero-sequence injection modulation technique which gives good results with low computational and hardware requirements; and (3) to eliminate the inherent asymmetries of the drive power section, a new current control scheme is proposed. Experimental results are presented for a 10-kW dual three-phase induction motor drive prototype.