高速电机发展与设计综述

对高速电机的发展现状进行了分析,总结了现有不同类型高速电机的极限指标,详细论述了高速电机的结构与设计特点,包括定子设计、不同类型转子结构设计、转子系统动力学分析以及轴承选型和冷却系统设计等,最后论述了高速电机发展所面临的问题,展望了高速电机的发展趋势。     

双定子永磁起动发电机的设计及电动/发电状态分析

针对混合动力汽车起动发电机需高起动转矩、高过载倍数及宽恒压发电范围的特点,提出采取双定子结构代替原单定子结构,设计了一台双定子永磁起动发电机。仿真分析电机的电动运行和发电运行两种工作状态,对电机设计方案的可行性进行验证。将双定子起动发电机与单定子起动发电机进行对比,结果表明该方案可使相同电流密度下电机驱动能力增强,转子内部空间利用率提升,电机的过载能力也提高了2倍。     

高速永磁电机定转子结构设计的分析

随着航空航天等精密制造行业飞速发展,高速永磁电机相关技术也得到了进一步的发展。因此,本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上,从电机定子设计及其所使用的材料、电机转子设计及其所使用的材料两个方面入手对高速永磁电机设计技术进行了详细分析。最后总结并展望了高速永磁电机相关技术的主要发展方向。     

高速永磁电机结构设计及损耗分析

从定子结构、定子材料、转子设计、永磁体材料选择对永磁电机设计进行分析,对200kW、20000r/min、4极高速永磁电机进行了系统计算,通过计算和软件模拟电机损耗,分析变化规律,确定了设计参数。     

高速永磁发电机的设计与电磁性能分析

由于结构简单、高效率和高功率密度,永磁转子成为高速电机的首选结构,然而转子的高速旋转和定子的高频供电,对高速永磁电机的电磁与机械设计提出了新的要求。该文在分析高速永磁电机设计特点的基础上,对一台60 000 r/min、75 kW的高速永磁同步发电机进行了电磁与结构设计,基于场路耦合有限元法分析了高速永磁同步发电机的空载和负载特性,计算了负载运行时电机的电磁与机械损耗,并进行了电机的温升场分析。计算的结果表明,高速永磁发电机的设计合理,电机性能能够满足设计要求。     

新型浸润式蒸发冷却电机定子三维温度场的研究

浸润式蒸发冷却优越于其它冷却方式，为电机定子的运行提供了安全、可靠、高效的绝缘及传热的整体大环境，其对应的温度分布状况值得深入研究。文中以一台高功率密度、高速整流异步发电机的定子为研究对象，根据制造企业的工艺允许条件，提出一种适合于浸润式蒸发冷却电机定子的新型绝缘结构，对该结构中的气、液、固三相电绝缘体系的温度场分布等问题进行了系统的理论仿真计算与模型试验，基于仿真和试验两方面的结果，对这一结构给予了可行性分析，确定了其运行时的额定负荷，为以后同类型电机的设计提供理论依据。     

基于Ansoft的定子双绕组感应发电机设计分析

针对未来装甲车辆高低压双供电体制,设计了一种基于定子双绕组的复合发电系统。首先分析了发电系统的结构组成和工作原理,分析了电机参数计算方法,并根据供电容量需求进行了发电系统主要参数校核计算。在此基础上,建立了基于Ansoft电机模型,测定了其发电电压,并通过调整铁心长度、气隙宽度、定子内径等变量,保证硅钢片磁感应强度在其膝点以内,最后测定了电机的铁耗铜耗等,并据此分析了电机的效率,为下一步双绕组异步发电机样机的研制提供参考。     

双定子直驱无刷双馈风力发电机设计原则与反电势分析

无刷双馈电机具有固有极数高、无刷可靠、变流器功率小的优点,而且可实现变速恒频发电,特别适合大型直驱风力发电系统。针对直驱风力发电机的大径长比,转子内腔空间不能被充分利用,导致电机功率密度低的问题,本文提出了一种具有双定子结构的无刷双馈风力发电机。首先设计了一台3 MW,25 r/min的单定子无刷双馈发电机,并在此电机的转子内腔中增加了一个定子,形成双定子的电机结构。通过改变槽数、绕组匝数、槽宽等进行了多方案对比,最终确定电机的相关参数,并利用有限元法,分析了电机的空载反电势波形。结果表明,所设计的双定子直驱无刷双馈风力发电机具有良好的空载特性。     

无刷双馈电机原理及定子结构设计分析

无刷双馈电机是一种新型的感应电机,在风力发电和水利发电中有着广泛的应用前景。该文介绍了无刷双馈电机的结构组成,分析了它的变频调速原理,并对电机定子绕组的极数、型式和节距等定子结构设计的原理和方法进行了详尽地说明和分析,为该型电机的电磁设计和参数优化提供了理论依据。     

一种轴向风冷结构对高速永磁电机转子温升的抑制研究

在变频器驱动方式下,高速永磁电机具有较大的转子涡流损耗,由于其转子的散热能力较差,易使永磁体温升较高,而发生不可逆失磁现象。采用机壳水冷结构可以有效地带走电机定子侧的热量,但是对于高速永磁电机的转子部位,水冷结构的冷却效果有限。以一台15 kW、30 000 r/min的高速永磁电机为例,设计了一种风、水混合冷却结构,基于流固耦合的计算方法分析了水速、风向以及不同风道截面积对电机永磁体部位温升的影响,并得出了相对的最优值。与仅采用水冷结构相比,增加该风冷结构可使永磁体温升降低了18.1 K,该结构可对大功率高速永磁电机的冷却系统设计提供一定的参考。     

新型双凸极永磁电机静态特性的线性分析

新型双凸极永磁电机的永磁体放置在定子齿的表面,永磁体安装简单且适于高速运转;定子集中绕组中的磁通呈双极性变化,其功率密度比传统的DSPM电机要高.文中提出了电机参数的线性数学模型,分析了静态特性.     

Design Tradeoffs Between Stator Core Loss and Torque Ripple in IPM Machines

High stator core losses can pose a significant problem in interior permanent-magnet (IPM) machines operating over wide constant-power speed ranges. At lower speeds, the torque ripple can be undesirably large in some IPM machine designs, contributing to acoustic noise and vibration. While previous work has addressed these two problems independently, this paper shows that the conditions for reducing stator core losses during flux-weakening operation, dominated by harmonic eddy-current losses in the stator teeth, can conflict with the conditions for reducing the torque ripple of IPM machines. It is also shown that the resulting design tradeoffs depend on the details of the IPM machine topologies that are under consideration. The appropriate IPM machine topologies that offer more favorable tradeoffs are identified to achieve the best possible compromise of high-speed stator core losses and torque ripple characteristics.      

Observer-based direct field orientation: analysis and comparison ofalternative methods

This paper focuses on methods of achieving direct field orientation (DFO) of induction machines based on closed-loop, stator, and rotor flux observers which are well suited to both zero and very high-speed operation. Both observer topologies are dominated by a current model at zero and low speeds, and a voltage model at high speeds. Application of such rotor and stator flux observers to both stator and rotor direct field orientation is presented, including experimental results for three different methods. The influence which flux regulation has on parameter sensitivity of the complete DFO system is analyzed. A rotor-flux-regulated and -oriented system is shown to be sensitive to leakage inductance under high slip (i.e., field weakened) operation. Both a stator-flux-regulated and -oriented system and a stator-flux-regulated, rotor-flux-oriented system are shown to have reduced parameter sensitivity at high speeds. Unlike stator flux orientation using simple voltage integration stator flux models, excellent zero and low-speed operation of an observer-based stator-flux-oriented system is demonstrated     

新型双凸极永磁电机线性模型及静态特性分析

新型双凸极永磁电机的永磁体放置在定子齿的表面,永磁体安装简单且适于高速运转;定子集中绕组中的磁通呈双极性变化,其功率密度比传统的双凸极永磁电机（DSPM）要高。建立了电机基本方程,提出了电机参数的线性数学模型,分析了静态特性,为进一步深入研究作理论准备。     

Partial discharge, dissipation factor, and corona aspects for high voltage electric generator stator bars and windings

High voltage stator windings in modern electric generators are subject to high electrical, mechanical, and thermal stress. Operation of these machines in both air and high pressure hydrogen results in different considerations. Operation in the air environment does not offer the dielectric advantages of operating in high-pressure hydrogen. The two major design factors that are significant for the design of high voltage stator bars to be operated in air, are corona activity and PD activity. These of course are closely related. With the movement to increasing the power density of generators, which means operation at higher voltages and higher insulation stress levels, it has become more critical to be sure the design constraints are met in the stator bar design to minimize both partial discharge activity and corona activity involving the stator bars. The stator bar insulation system must be designed for minimum partial discharge activity and ideally is corona free at the stator winding operating stress levels, and at the operating conditions (temperature and pressure) the generator is subject to. This paper will present the findings associated with the development work in designing, testing and implementing a PD reduced and corona free design.     

YB800-22500kW隔爆型高速自润滑三相异步电动机研制

介绍了大容量2P隔爆型高速自润滑三相异步电动机的设计要点,从控制电机轴瓦发热、提高散热能力方面入手,重点介绍了控制定子温升、加强轴瓦散热能力所采取的措施。     

Application of Direct-Drive Wheel Motor for Fuel Cell Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Propulsion System

This paper presents a gearless wheel motor drive system specifically designed for fuel cell electric and hybrid electric vehicle propulsion application. The system includes a liquid-cooled axial flux permanent-magnet machine designed to meet the direct-drive requirements. The machine design implements techniques to increase the machine inductance in order to improve machine constant power range and high-speed efficiency. The implemented technique reduces machine spin loss to further improve efficiency. The machine design also optimizes the placement of magnets in the rotor to reduce cogging and ripple torque. An original cooling system arrangement based on the use of high thermal conductivity epoxy joining machine stator and liquid-cooled aluminum casing allows the very effective removal of machine power loss. Design details and experimental results are presented.     

高速永磁屏蔽电机损耗分析与温升研究

损耗是影响电机效率和发热的重要因素,定子屏蔽护套作为高速永磁屏蔽电机损耗的主要来源,合理的设计是保证电机可靠安全运行的关键。本文基于有限元模型计算分析电机定子屏蔽护套的涡流损耗以及电机温升分布,并对屏蔽护套损耗敏感性因素进行研究;通过样机试验分离出定子屏蔽护套涡流损耗。试验与理论分析结果基本一致,验证本文所建立的高速永磁屏蔽电机有限元模型的正确性,对今后屏蔽电机的分析、设计具有理论指导意义。     

基于ANSYS的高速感应电机设计

设计了一台额定功率2 kW,额定转速59000 r/min的高速感应电机。根据电机在高速运行时带来的高损耗,选取了性能更好的铁基纳米晶合金作为高速感应电机的定子铁心材料。对于感应电机在高转差率时产生的高谐波转矩,通过采用带端环的闭口圆形槽转子,使电机具有较高的起动电阻,从而获得优良的起动及运行特性,利用ANSYS软件对其转子结构进行应力分析,并验证在高转速下的可靠性。建立了高速感应电机的有限元模型,通过与相同结构参数的硅钢DW310_35电机进行性能对比。结果显示,采用铁基纳米晶合金1K107定子铁心的电机相比硅钢DW310_35电机,总损耗减小了81.2 W,效率提高了4.5%,功率因数提高了0.031。