自组网体系结构研究

Ｃ Ｓ Ｃ Ｗ 系统目标是允许用户在任何地点,在任何时间可以方便地进行群体间的协同工作。目前大多数的 Ｃ Ｓ Ｃ Ｗ 用户都需要依靠现有的网络基础设施。自组网是一组带有无线收发装置的移动节点组成的一个多跳的临时性的自治系统。在这种环境中,由于节点无线通信覆盖范围的有限性,需要借助其他中间节点进行分组转发到达信宿。它可以在没有可用的网络基础设施的情况下提供一种通信支撑环境,从而拓宽了 Ｃ Ｓ Ｃ Ｗ 的应用环境。本文描述了自组网的概念和特点,并提出了自组网的体系结构。     

无线自组网(Ad Hoc Networks)体系结构研究

计算机支持协同工作(CSCW)目标是在计算机支持的环境中,一个群体协同工作完成一项共同的任务。现有的网络基础设施为大多数的CSCW用户提供通信保障。自组网(Ad Hoc Networks)是一组自治系统,它的组建时间是不确定的,由移动节点所组成,移动节点必须带有无线收发装置。节点通过无线通信覆盖有限的范围,若要到达信宿,需要借助其他中间节点进行分组转发。如果没有可用的网络,AHN可以提供一种通信支撑环境。文章描述了AHN的概念和特点,并提出了AHN的体系结构。     

无线自组网实现短消息业务的路由协议

运用无线自组网灵活、自治的网络特点也可以实现短消息的传递,这种网络架构改变了传统蜂窝网中对基础设施的需求,节省了一定的花费。充分利用多跳通信的特性,移动节点为固定节点提供转发数据包的服务,从而提高了网络的连通性,降低了网络节点密度,用无线自组网的形式实现短消息业务,不需要构建网络的基础设施,降低花费和复杂度。     

温室环境中的一种自组网路由算法研究

针对无线传感器网络中节点在温室场境中的自组网问题,文章介绍了一种自组网路由算法,每个节点都运行相同的程序。首先,上电后节点等待入网;然后,将入网信息上传至汇聚节点。节点的入网或退出,都是自动执行。在实验室环境下进行模拟实验,文章所讲述的算法可以应用于温室环境中。     

无人机自组网技术研究

在无人机系统中,编组和协同作战能力对提高无人机作站效能和生存能力具有重要意义。无线自组网是一种特殊结构的无线通信网络,其通信依靠节点之间的相互协作,以无线多跳方式完成,因此网络不依赖于任何固定设施,具有自组织和自管理的特性,这种特殊的组网方式使得无线自组网非常适用于无人机系统。介绍了无线自组网的原理,分析了无线自组网应用于无人机系统主要面临的关键技术:路由技术和安全问题。介绍了无线自组网的发展情况和在无人机领域的研究情况。     

一种适用于自组网的流媒体协议设计

本文基于自组网的应用背景,在分析了传统流媒体协议特性的基础上,进行了自组网应用层信令面及用户面的协议设计。该协议以SIP和RTP/RTCP协议为蓝本,针对自组网节点平等,移动性强及无线传输质量差的网络特性,对传统流媒体协议的架构及呼叫流程进行了更改,使其适用于自组织网络,是一种可行的自组网流媒体协议。     

无线自组网竞争类MAC协议分析及研究

无线自组织网络是一种无基础设施的移动网络,并且每个节点的业务多以突发业务为主,因此信道资源分配适用于采用竞争方式。本文在对无线自组网各种典型竞争类MAC协议进行分析及探讨的基础上,采用Opnet仿真建模环境,创建出各协议的状态分析模型,并在此基础上对各协议的性能优劣进行了比较总结。论文对无线自组网各协议仿真建模研究及选择高效适用的MAC技术方案具有实际参考价值。     

基于无线自组网的网络层交换软件设计与实现

研究了一种应用于无线自组网的网络层交换软件,通过系统模型的抽象和建立,将网络层需要实现的功能独立出来,进而制定了本地及全局路由的建立与维护、网络层数据交换等关键策略,综合运用了多线程设计、网络编程、驱动设计等多种编程技术,在高速ARM平台上,基于嵌入式Linux操作系统实现了网络层交换系统软件,使标准网络设备无需任何改变即可接入自组网节点设备,并能够通过无线自组网进行通信,解决了接入设备的数据寻路与数据交换问题。     

移动自组网安全的性研究

1 移动自组网的特点移动自组网( MANET )是新型的无线移动网络,它不依赖固定网络设施,是能快速展开、自治、多跳的网络结构。它由一组带有无线收发装置的节点组成,整个网络通过移动节点间的相互协作保持网络互联。网络中的每个节点都能快速移动,同时具备主机和路由器功能。移动自组网的前身是分组无线网(packet radio),美国国防部远景规划局( DARPR )于20 世纪70 年代启动该研究项目,最初的研究是为了满足军事需要。1996 年,因特网任务工程组(IEFT )成立了专门的移动自组网小组。与其他网络相比,移动自组网具有以下特点: (…     

基于OMNET＋＋的VANET无线链路性能仿真

当今车辆运行环境更加复杂,双移动节点,无线链路带宽不稳定以及链路级丢包较多是车载自组网的显著特点之一,而车载自组网无线链路质量,对其网络上层协议的设计具有重要意义。这里分析无线电波在车载自组网中的传播特点,提出一种以无线信道传播模型为基础,通过OMNET＋＋来仿真车载自组网无线链路丢包率的方法。通过该方法可以方便、有效地仿真不同车辆运行环境下车载自组网的无线链路丢包率。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.