产壳聚糖酶海洋真菌鉴定、寡营养培养基优化及廉价培养基研究

对筛选出的产壳聚糖酶海洋真菌进行了rDNA-ITS序列分析技术鉴定,确定该菌为Penicillium oxali-cum,这是首次报道该菌属具有产壳聚糖酶的能力。该研究旨在为工业化发酵生产壳聚糖酶提供实验指导。实验在已确定的寡营养培养基的基础上,探讨适宜碳源、氮源、耐盐性、耐酸性、摇床转速等发酵因素对产壳聚糖酶的影响,并探索不同种类的廉价培养基发酵产酶。结果显示黄豆粉培养基的产酶效果较为理想,最终确定培养基为(g/L海水):黄豆粉25 g,酶活力最高为8.5 U/mL,该培养基成本不足原发酵培养基成本的5%,为微生物工业化应用生产壳聚糖酶提供了直接的理论和实验基础。     

不同发酵条件对Fusarium. solani ZH0101产木聚糖酶的影响

以本实验室筛选到的一株产木聚糖酶但不产纤维素酶的真菌Fusarium solani ZH0101为供试菌株,利用麦秸为诱导物,对产木聚糖酶的液体发酵培养基进行优化。对发酵时间、麦秸添加量、培养基起始pH值、磷酸盐、金属离子、无机氮源和有机氮源对产酶的影响进行研究,优化最佳的培养条件。优化后的液体发酵培养基条件为：麦秸20g/L、KH2PO4 4g/L、CH3COONH4 1g/L、酵母膏2g/L和起始pH值为6.0,发酵时间为14d。优化条件下所产无纤维素酶活力的木聚糖酶酶活力为26.85U/mL,能比未优化前的20.82U/mL提高近30%。     

一株碱性低温脂肪酶产生菌发酵条件的优化

通过单因素实验,对SYBC Wu-3菌摇床发酵产脂肪酶的培养基组成和培养条件进行优化,得出较佳的产酶培养基组成配方为:蛋白胨5 g/L,酵母膏 6 g/L,NaH2PO4 3 g/L; 油脂250 mL/L,乳化剂OP 25 mL/L.最优发酵条件为250 mL的摇瓶装液量50 mL,培养温度30 ℃,发酵时间72 h.经过优化后发酵液脂肪酶酶活力最高可达到10.68 U/mL,较优化前提高了2.8倍.     

木聚糖酶产生菌Gh-5培养基配方及发酵条件的优化

研究培养基组分与发酵工艺条件对试验菌株Gh-5产木聚糖酶的发酵影响,并对木聚糖酶的酶学性质进行初步研究。结果表明,该菌最适发酵产酶培养基组分为甘露糖15 g/L,氯化铵10 g/L,ZnSO4 0.3 g/L,KH2PO4 0.5 g/L;最适发酵条件为温度37 ℃;pH值为8.0;接种量14 %;发酵培养生长周期36 h。木聚糖酶产生菌株Gh-5发酵优化后的酶活力为114.64 U/mL,较优化前38.02 U/mL提高了201.53%。木聚糖酶酶学性质研究结果表明,木聚糖酶酶活最适pH值为8.0;最适温度为65 ℃;Zn2+对木聚糖酶酶活有较好促进作用。     

响应面法优化微小毛霉固态发酵生产凝乳酶工艺研究

采用麦麸培养基进行固态发酵,以研究发酵条件对产酶活力的影响,在此基础上应用Plackett-Burman、最陡爬坡实验和Box-Behnken实验设计,对微小毛霉的固态发酵培养基进化以达到最佳产酶量。实验结果表明,最佳发酵条件为:发酵时间5d,发酵温度30℃,固液比值0.75,接种量为3份,测得凝乳酶酶活为828U/mL。并且当麸皮质量为15.50g、(NH4)2SO4质量为0.15g、KH2PO4质量为0.08g时,微小毛霉产凝乳酶活力达到1200U/mL。较未优化前活力提高了66.67%。     

奇异变形杆菌产L-肉碱脱水酶的培养基优化

为了提高L-肉碱脱水酶的活力,通过单因素实验对影响奇异变形杆菌产L-肉碱脱水酶的碳源、氮源及酶的诱导物等培养基组分进行研究,在此基础上采用二次正交旋转组合设计进行培养基组分优化实验.经二次多项式回归建立模型以及对响应面的优化分析,确定了培养基组分最佳含量为:蛋白胨0.678g/100mL、酵母膏0.961g/100mL、巴豆甜菜碱0.335g/100mL、富马酸盐2.093g/100mL.使用优化后培养基发酵得到的L-肉碱脱水酶活力由最初的1.90U/mL提高到5.32U/mL,且与模型预测值较为接近,进一步证明预测模型的合理性.     

海洋拟诺卡氏菌株HY-G转化大豆异黄酮苷的发酵条件的优化

目的：优化大豆异黄酮苷微生物转化的发酵条件。方法：利用本实验室筛选出的海洋拟诺卡氏菌株HY-G进行生物转化,采用单因素和正交试验,对发酵条件和培养基组成及条件进行优化。结果：筛选的最佳发酵工艺为在高氏一号基础培养基中加入1g/100mL蔗糖、0.03g/100mL硫酸铵和200mg/L诱导物的培养基进行培养,培养基装液量150mL/250mL,起始pH8.0,培养温度40℃,摇瓶转速120r/min,培养72h。优化后的酶活力分别达3621U/mL(对染料木素)和4862U/mL(对大豆苷元)。结论：经过优化,得出了较好的产酶发酵工艺,有利于进一步采用大规模发酵法转化大豆异黄酮苷元。     

高产柚苷酶菌株米曲霉的诱变育种及发酵条件优化

以土样中筛选的1株产胞外柚苷酶菌株米曲霉11250为出发菌株,采用紫外诱变、亚硝酸钠化学诱变及紫外-亚硝酸钠复合诱变3种方法进行诱变育种,通过透明圈初筛以及液体摇瓶发酵复筛,最终选育出1株胞外柚苷酶产酶活力较高的突变菌株UN2,该菌株产胞外柚苷酶活力达147U/mL,为原始菌株的2.3倍,经5代传代,其产酶能力稳定在(147±0.8)U/mL。采用单因素试验和响应面设计Box-Behnken design试验相结合的方法进行产柚苷酶的摇瓶发酵培养基配方优化,对影响菌株UN2发酵产酶的碳源、氮源、培养基初始pH、温度等条件做单因素试验和响应面法试验。结果表明:该菌株的最佳产酶条件:麦芽糖2.0 g/100 mL,牛肉蛋白胨3.0g/100 mL,初始pH 5.7,培养温度30℃。在此条件下,柚苷酶活力达到251 U/mL,是未优化前的1.7倍。结论 :通过培养基优化,大幅度提高了米曲霉11250液体发酵产柚苷酶的酶活力。     

响应面法优化产β-内酰胺酶菌Bacillus cereus B03的发酵条件

为快速高效地提高菌株Bacillus cereus B03的产酶能力,采用响应面法对Bacillus cereus B03产β-内酰胺酶的发酵培养基进行优化。首先通过单因素实验研究了不同碳源及浓度、不同氮源及浓度、不同金属离子及浓度、氯化钠、磷酸氢二钾以及温度、pH、接种量、装液量对菌株产酶活力的影响,然后设计Plackett-Burman试验筛选出影响产酶的3个显著性因素:温度、pH、接种量。在此基础上,最后设计Box-Behnken中心组合试验确定最优产酶发酵条件。结果表明,最佳发酵培养基成分为葡萄糖20 g/L、酵母浸粉20 g/L、NaCl 2 g/L、MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.2 g/L,K₂HPO₄·3H₂O 4 g/L,最佳产酶发酵条件为发酵温度37 ℃,pH为7.3,接种量3%,装液量50 mL/250 mL。在此优化条件下,该菌株产β-内酰胺酶的酶活力为113278.7 U/mL,为优化之前酶活(88792.7 U/mL)的1.28倍。本研究为进一步工业化开发利用性状稳定且高产β-内酰胺酶的菌株提供借鉴。     

一株纳豆芽孢杆菌的产酶条件优化

从一株实验室保藏的产纳豆激酶细菌出发,先对其液体发酵产酶的培养基和培养条件进行优化,在此优化基础上,利用Plackett-Burman试验筛选出影响纳豆芽孢杆菌产酶的3个主要因素:胰蛋白胨添加量、MgSO4添加量、发酵温度,利用Box-Behnken进行响应面试验设计,优化得到最优发酵条件。发酵培养基条件(g/L):胰蛋白胨26.6、乳糖10.0、Na2HPO45.0、NaH2PO41.0、CaCl20.2、MgSO41.35;发酵条件:种龄12h、接种量2%、发酵温度33℃、发酵时间56h、装液量50mL/250mL。此发酵条件下发酵液的纳豆激酶酶活力为743.65U/mL,比优化前提高了232.33U/mL。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.