基于咔唑的共轭聚合物材料的合成及性能研究

由咔唑以及3-噻吩甲酸出发,经过合理的化学修饰,合成了单体4,7-二溴正辛基咔唑M1和单体1,5-二(正三正丁基锡)-4,8-二(正十二烷氧基)苯并[1,2-b∶4,5-b’]二噻吩M2,然后单体M1与单体M2通过Suzuki偶联聚合合成了共轭聚合物P1。并对聚合物P1进行了一系列的结构表征和性能测试,结果表明P1的光学能带隙为1.56eV,电化学能带隙为1.57eV,5%热失重温度分别为314℃,显示出了良好的光学性能、热稳定性和电化学氧化还原性能。     

聚乙烯咔唑合成工艺的研究

为了简化合成聚乙烯咔唑的工艺,采用自制相转移剂,以咔唑和1,2-二氯乙烷为原料,通过相转移反应研究了合成工艺,并用UV-vis、FT-IR、XRD、TG分析了合成物的结构和性能.研究表明:在反应温度60℃,常压条件下,合成氯乙基咔唑,产物脱去氯化氢得到乙烯咔唑.在氮气保护下,乙烯咔唑以苯做溶剂,以AIBN为引发剂,70℃下聚合反应40h得到聚乙烯咔唑.首次采用氮气作为乙烯咔唑溶液聚合反应的保护气体,获得具有较好品质的聚乙烯咔唑,降低了合成条件.     

聚乙烯咔唑侧基含偶氮对硝基苯非线性光生色基团的合成及表征

研究了一种可作为聚合物类光折变材料中半功能型的基体材料——聚乙烯侧基含偶氮对硝基苯。以聚乙烯咔唑和偶氮盐为原料,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为相转移催化剂,通过后重氮偶合方法,制备出聚乙烯咔唑侧基含生色团偶氮对硝基苯。用IR、UV-v is、1H-NM R、GPC对聚合物偶合前后进行了分析和表征。IR、UV-v is、1H-NM R测试表明了偶氮苯已经接到咔唑环上。UV-v is结果表明偶合反应时间对聚合物的偶氮含量有很大的影响。GPC结果表明,聚合物与重氮盐偶合后,分子量增大。     

含咔唑PPV类超支化聚合物的合成及性能

以CpCo（CO）2为催化剂在紫外光照射的条件下，以3，6-二[（4-乙炔基）苯乙烯基]-N-辛基-咔唑双炔和1-辛炔作为单体，通过[2＋2＋2]环三聚反应合成了含咔唑PPV类超支化聚合物。采用红外光谱、核磁共振谱、热失重分析、紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱、循环伏安法等方法对聚合物进行结构表征与性能测试，所得到的聚合物都溶于普通的有机溶剂（比如四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲苯等）。这类聚合物都表现出优异的热稳定性，它们的起始分解温度在378℃以上，在800℃时，聚合物的残余碳化率高达63％；荧光光谱显示，在光激发的条件下，聚合物在二氯甲烷溶液中发射蓝光，其荧光量子效率高达80％，电化学分析表明聚合物具有较好的空穴传输能力。     

侧链含噻吩基团的改性乙烯基咔唑聚合物的合成与表征

利用Suzuki反应,合成了侧链含噻吩基团的改性乙烯基咔唑单体,采用阴离子聚合方法制备了一种新型改性聚乙烯基咔唑。通过1H核磁共振谱、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、凝胶渗透色谱、质谱(EI)、UV-vis紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱等方法对单体及聚合物进行了表征,结果发现改性聚乙烯基咔唑的数均分子量-Mn=2486,多分散系数PDI=1.10。紫外-可见光谱结果表明,含噻吩基团的改性乙烯基咔唑聚合物相对于乙烯基咔唑所对应的吸收峰有红移,且吸收强度增大。荧光发射光谱结果表明,聚合物较单体原料的最大发射波长红移了100nm,可作为太阳能电池给体材料应用。     

含咔唑结构二胺的合成及其表征

通过亲核取代反应由3,3'-联咔唑和对氯硝基苯合成含咔唑结构的二硝基化合物,并对其还原,得到一种含咔唑结构的二胺,该二胺具有空穴传输基团.用红外光谱、飞行质谱、核磁氢谱及紫外光谱等对该化合物进行了表征.     

基于咔唑和噻吩的2种聚合物的电化学性能

利用斯蒂尔偶联反应合成了2种基于咔唑和噻吩的有机共轭单体,通过电化学方法聚合成导电聚合物,并对其进行了结构表征和电化学性能研究。核磁共振1H谱和13C谱验证了单体与理论结构一致,红外测试验证了电化学聚合位点为噻吩的α位。在-0.1 V到1.2 V电压范围内,2种聚合物膜都表现出良好的电致变色特性。循环伏安法和热重表明,相比于聚合物P1,共平面性更好的聚合物P2的电化学和热稳定性更优。以上结论表明聚合物P2在电化学领域是一种更有前景的材料,单体结构差异对聚合物性能有很大影响。     

咔唑衍生物在有机电致发光材料中的研究进展

综述了近几年来咔唑衍生物在有机电致发光材料中的研究进展,包括提高玻璃化转变温度、提高光量子产率、开发白光OLED材料和AIE效应材料等方面的研究进展情况.     

基于咔唑类给体分子的给-受体型热活化延迟荧光材料研究进展

热活化延迟荧光(Thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF)材料是新一代发光材料，可以通过吸收环境中的热量使分子的三重态转换为单重态，理论上激子利用率达到100%,量子效率大大提高，在有机发光二极管(Organic light-emitting diode, OLED)中有广阔的应用前景。给-受体(Donor-acceptor, D-A)型的纯有机分子是关注度较高的一类TADF分子。其中咔唑作为一种给体单元，易经其他取代基修饰形成新给体，使D-A分子具有较小的最低三重态和单重态的能级差ΔE_ST,是经常选用的给体基团。另外，理论计算在研究咔唑衍生物分子的TADF性质，预测其在OLED中的性能方面发挥了重要作用。本文综述了基于不同咔唑类给体构筑的D-A结构的TADF分子，依据咔唑分子上取代基的不同，具体介绍了近五年各类TADF分子的结构特点和发光效率，重点讨论了这些分子在器件应用方面的性能，并且结合理论计算分析的结果总结了可能改变D-A型TADF性质的因素，期望能够为未来设计和合成性能更加优异的含咔唑给体的D-A型TA...     

含噁二唑类与咔唑类共聚物的合成与表征

由2-苯基-5-〔甲基丙烯酰胺基取代苯基〕-1,3,4-噁二唑(OXD)与甲基丙烯酸乙基咔唑酯(CzE-MA)两种单体合成了含噁二唑和咔唑基团的无规共聚物。通过红外、核磁、紫外、荧光、热重、差示扫描量热,凝胶渗透色谱对聚合物进行了表征。测试结果表明共聚物有很好的溶解性,均可溶于常用的有机溶剂,如THF,CHCl2,CHCl3等,其分子量在16950～22500之间。有良好的热稳定性和很高的玻璃化转变温度(Tg=190～222℃),最大吸收波长在220～340nm之间,具有良好的荧光性,其荧光发射波长均在372～451nm范围内,是一类蓝紫色荧光聚合物。共聚物随着CzEMA组分的减少和OXD组分的增加,发射波长蓝移,其中以P(OXD8-CzEMA2)的荧光性最好,荧光量子产率高达0.70。     

水性超支化聚合物/水性环氧树脂体系的固化行为及性能

利用马来酸酐和丁基缩水甘油醚对超支化聚合物端基改性,得到以羧基和羟基为末端的超支化聚合物,其中和成盐后即得水性超支化聚合物(WHPs),通过红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振(1H-NMR)对初始聚合物和改性聚合物的结构进行了表征。然后将WHPs应用于水性环氧涂料中,以差示扫描量热法对体系的固化行为进行了分析,研究了其固化动力学,并且研究了不同含量WHPs对体系固化涂层力学性能的影响。结果表明,该固化体系的表观活化能较低,固化反应容易进行,该WHPs的加入促进了体系固化反应,能够较好地改善涂膜的力学性能。当WHPs的加入量为10%时,涂层的综合力学性能达到最佳。     

有机三阶非线性光学材料的研究进展

非线性光学材料在图像处理、全光开关、光学存储和记忆系统等领域有着较大的应用潜力,近年来对三阶非线性光学聚合物材料的研究成为研究工作中的热点.分类介绍了各种有机三阶非线性光学聚合物的合成、结构与性能的最新研究进展,评述了三阶非线性光学性能表征技术的研究状况,展望了有机三阶非线性光学材料的前景和存在的问题.     

树枝形聚合物/线性聚合物共混的研究进展

综述了国内外有关树枝形聚合物／线性聚合物共混物的形态结构、热性能、动态力学性能、流变性能和物理力学性能的研究进展，树枝形聚合物因其独特的结构和性能特点，可作为聚合物的加工助剂、流变学改性剂、增容剂以及增强或增韧剂。     

一维导电聚合物的制备及其在生物传感器中的应用

一维导电聚合物以它独特的性质,在生物传感器领域有着巨大的替力,它的制备对于实现生物传感器实用化意义重大。介绍了一维导电聚合物的制备并展望了它在生物传感器中可能的应用前景。     

Synthesis and characterization of aromatic and aliphatic ether bridged polymers containing carbazole moieties

In this study, the polymers were synthesized ether bridged containing carbazole moieties via HBr elimination. Also, these polymers include the aliphatic chains at the different lengths and aromatic groups in their structures. However, the polymers were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy, and their thermal stabilities were determined via TGA measurements. Fluorescence measurements were performed using N,N′-dimethyl formamide solutions and also, the optimization of the concentrations to obtain maximal emission intensity was investigated in N,N′-dimethyl formamide. The morphologic properties of the polymers were investigated at different particle sizes by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the number average molecular weight (M_n), weight average molecular weight (M_w) and polydispersity index (PDI) values of the polymers were determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) technique. Resultantly, the remarkable properties related to the fluorescence and thermal measurements of the polymers were obtained. Therefore, these polymers could be used in various application fields because of the fluorescent and thermal properties.     

两亲聚合物溶液性质及其乳液聚合的研究进展

综述了两亲聚俣物溶液性质以及作为乳化剂的乳液聚合研究进展和现状，介绍了两亲聚合物溶液的特殊性质，阐述了作为乳化剂的独特作用。     

形状记忆聚氨酯与可降解生物材料的研究和应用

综述了形状记忆聚氨酯(PUs)的原理和生物材料降解机制,介绍了形状记忆PUs和可降解生物材料的研究现状,并指出可降解形状记忆PUs生物材料的应用前景及今后研究的重点.     

Photo-switching and nonlinear optical behaviors of center linked bent-core azobenzene liquid crystalline polymers

A new class of two series (I and II) of center linked bent-core azobenzene liquid crystalline polymers were prepared. They were prepared from two different spacer lengths (2 and 10) between polymer backbone and bent-core mesogen. The bent-core mesogen possesses photoactive linking group with variable terminal chains (7, 8, and 9). The synthesized precursors, monomers, and polymers were characterized by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability of polymers was examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The mesophase transition of monomers and polymers were observed through polarized optical microscopy, and confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry. Among the two series of polymers, the second series of polymers possesses liquid crystalline properties. The photo-switching properties of bent-core azo polymers were investigated using UV–Vis spectroscopy, trans to cis isomerization occurs around 35 s in chloroform and 65 s in thin film, where as reverse processes take place almost 32 h in chloroform. The photo-switching processes of polymer IIa precedes faster and also longer time thermally stable when compared with recently reported similar polymers. Negative optical nonlinear refractive index and optical limiting properties of the polymers were measured using Nd-YAG laser.     

Poly(3,4‐alkylenedioxypyrroles): The PXDOPs as Versatile Yet Underutilized Electroactive and Conducting Polymers

The poly(3,4‐dioxypyrrole) (PXDOP) family of conducting and electroactive polymers has now been developed to the point that multiple synthetic routes allow many functionalized polymers with controllable optoelectronic and redox properties. These properties, which include high conductivity, multicolor cathodic and anodic electrochromism, and rapid redox switching, allow these materials to be used in a variety of applications that potentially include conducting coatings, electrochromic windows and displays, chemical sensors, bioactive materials, and mechanical actuators. Surprisingly, the scientific literature published on the PXDOP derivatives has been isolated and sparse compared to that of other conducting polymers. This report will highlight the synthesis and materials properties of PXDOPs and show how these powerful materials fit into the frontier of conducting polymers research.     

Enhanced Vertical Charge Transport of Homo- and Blended Semiconducting Polymers by Nanoconfinement

The morphology of conjugated polymers has critical influences on electronic and optical properties of optoelectronic devices. Even though lots of techniques and methods are suggested to control the morphology of polymers, very few studies have been performed inducing high charge transport along out-of-plane direction. In this study, the self-assembly of homo- and blended conjugated polymers which are confined in nanostructures is utilized. The resulting structures lead to high charge mobility along vertical direction for both homo- and blended conjugated polymers. Both semicrystalline and amorphous polymers show highly increased population of face-on crystallite despite intrinsic crystallinity of polymers. They result in more than two orders of magnitude enhanced charge mobility along vertical direction revealed by nanoscale conductive scanning force microscopy and macroscale IV characteristic measurements. Moreover, blends of semicrystalline and amorphous polymers, which are known to show inferior optical and electrical properties due to their structural incompatibility, are formed into harmonious states by this approach. Assembly of blends of semicrystalline and amorphous polymers under nanoconfinement shows charge mobility in out-of-plane direction of 0.73 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ with wide range of absorption wavelength from 300 to 750 nm demonstrating the synergistic effects of two different polymers.