支持协同产品开发的产品数据管理模型研究

针对目前产品数据管理系统中的不足，依据产品开发内在规律，运用面向对象方法提出了支持协同产品开发的产品数据管理模型，文中引入了实体类，关系类和约束类来表达产品数据管理模型，为开发能够更有效地支持协同产品开发的产品数据管理系统提供了基础。     

产品开发过程与数据集成管理模型的研究

针对目前产品开发过程管理与产品数据管理相互独立,无法实现无缝集成的问题,提出以产品开发过程链为主线,产品配置为辅线,建立产品开发过程中的文档与产品配置之间的映射关系,实现开发过程与产品数据的无缝集成.分析了产品开发过程中的人员、过程、资源等主要元素,建立了各对象模型,建立了面向对象的产品开发过程与产品数据的集成管理模型.     

基于有色Petri网的产品协同开发过程建模方法研究

产品协同开发过程具有层次性、分布性、离散性和动态性等特点,采用合理方法构建其有效的过程模型成为协同开发过程管理与优化的基础性条件.将有色Petri网(CPN)技术引入产品协同开发过程建模中,针对性地提出了产品协同开发过程CPN模型的描述性定义;并从协同开发特点出发,为支持基本过程逻辑的描述由工作流原语定义了基本网模型结构;为了描述复杂协同关系,结合模块化方法及库所变迁性质给出了扩展网模型结构的构建方法.该方法实现了将协同开发过程关系从基本到复杂都能映射到相应CPN网上,并通过实例进一步说明了该方法的有效性.     

面向CIMS的组合机床CAD系统的研究开发

本文介绍一个组合机床CAD系统,该系统基于产品装配模型进行开发,采用了面向对象的软件开发技术,支持自上而下的设计过程,提供了与下游生产活动的产品数据接口,可以方便地与下游生产活动的集成。     

基于综合集成法的复杂产品协同设计过程模型及框架研究

建立过程模型及框架,将设计过程有效地表达出来,是协同设计的基础。论文针对复杂产品设计过程的特征,根据综合集成法,建立了一个以时间、粒度、并行度三维分布的多层次复杂产品协同设计过程模型。该过程模型在时间维强调多阶段综合,在并行度维强调多专业综合,在粒度维强调分解与综合的迭代。在该过程模型基础上,结合专家体系、知识体系、机器体系,提出基于综合集成法的复杂产品协同设计过程框架。该框架中,机器体系依靠知识体系中的知识,给专家群体提供帮助,专家群体在机器体系提供的项目管理、群体研讨、协同决策、三维可视化等支持工具帮助下,实现人机结合、多专业结合、多阶段结合的协同设计过程,以提高复杂产品的协同设计效率。最后介绍了相关原型系统。     

全生命周期产品和过程模型集成技术研究

制造业的产品和过程集成技术体现在各个不同的层面,为此,研究了全生命周期产品和过程模型的集成技术。采用面向对象方法,构建全生命周期虚拟产品模型,对全生命周期的产品信息进行表达,并对全生命周期的涵义进行阐述。虚拟产品模型由实体对象和联系对象组成,它是一个动态模型,在产品全生命周期中不断进化。通过面向对象Petri网模型(OPN),描述产品全生命周期的各种过程。在虚拟产品模型和OPN模型的基础上重点讨论产品模型和过程模型的集成技术,并结合实例进行研究。产品和过程模型集成为产品信息的重用和追溯提供支持。     

面向产品全生命周期的标准件库研究与实现

设计数据是制造企业产品生命周期管理中的源头数据,设计数据的标准化、规范化很大程度决定了整个PLM系统的应用效果。据此,研究了在设计过程中物料信息的产生及在PLM系统中的传递过程以及设计工具软件与PLM系统的单一数据源理论,提出了面向产品全生命周期管理的标准件库系统的构建与实现方法;以及实现设计工具软件与PLM系统协同应用的方法。基于该理论及方法在SOLIDWORKS的软件平台上开发实现了面向产品全生命周期的标准件库系统,所开发系统已在某制造企业的设计部门得到应用,效果明显。     

面向创新设计的专题知识库构建与应用

产品创新设计需要大量知识的支持,针对产品设计过程对于产品专题知识的需求,提出了一种面向产品专题设计的知识库构建及应用方法.通过分析专题知识在设计过程中的作用,建立了专题知识的结构与表示方法,设计了一种混合式知识检索模型,并在此基础上开发了面向特定产品的专题知识库原型系统,从而有效辅助设计人员开展产品创新设计.以数控压力机离合器为例验证了该方法和系统的有效性.     

实时协同设计技术及其支持系统

针对实时交互型网络化协同设计过程的多主体性、协同性、灵活性、同步性等特点,分别对实时协同设计方法、图形学相关技术、实时协同交流技术等进行了详细论述,并在此基础上构建了实时协同设计平台的体系结构,重点阐述了协同浏览批注工具的设计和实现。该平台实现了以产品模型为媒介的协同设计与交流,可为网络化环境中的异地设计人员基于产品模型进行实时协同设计提供有力的支持。     

基于过程配置的MES制造数据管理方法与应用

通过研究制造执行系统中产品与工艺数据管理的应用需求,讨论了MES中的过程表达模型与过程配置方法在制造数据管理中的应用.参考XPDL等流程模型表达规范,构建了以过程为中心的制造数据信息模型.针对MES对制造过程不确定性表达的需求,给出了过程配置规则表达和配置结果求解的实现方法,设计开发了图形化的流程可视化软件模块,解决了...     

Recent development on product modelling: a review

Product modelling is a pivotal activity in product development (PD) processes. Well-defined product models organize product data, production information and knowledge to satisfy the requirements of the rapid changes of the PD environment. In this paper, a comprehensive review is carried out on the recent development of product modelling technology. Four types of product modelling methodologies are discussed in detail. Two object-oriented product modelling methods: STEP-based product modelling and UML-based product modelling are reviewed and compared. The research gaps and issues are identified. To implement the product modelling into current integrated manufacturing environment, a generic product modelling framework is proposed. The future research trend of product modelling is also discussed.     

面向复杂机械产品开发的多Agent系统研究

根据面向复杂机械产品开发的分布式智能决策的设计要求,构建了一种基于多ALgent技术的复杂机械产品开发系统模型.该模型对系统知识进行了分类和有效表述,开发了多个Agent功能模块,通过黑板机制完成不同Agent之间的信息通讯和交互,通过工作流管理实现系统分布式协同工作.研究实例表明,该系统能够有效地分解复杂产品开发的工作流任务,降低复杂产品开发的复杂性和提高开发效率.     

公式类知识管理系统的研究与开发

介绍了现今的知识管理思想及企业知识资源分类方法，分析了工程知识库管理系统的主要特点以及存在的不足。针对产品设计活动中应用知识的特点，采用面向对象方法来描述公式类型的知识，开发了一个通用的公式类知识管理系统。该系统不仅能够方便用户直接对公式类型知识进行操作、管理和维护，同时也可以为不同的智能系统提供统一的接口。     

Web-based configuration design system for product customization

In mass customization, web-centric knowledge-based configuration systems have become an important tool to help customers configure products that satisfy their different needs and the complex configuration constraints of a product family (PF). An effective knowledge representation scheme and the associated reasoning mechanisms are essential for the success of these systems. This paper presents an object-oriented approach that integrates the functional and structural models of a PF with design process knowledge. Invasion-based search algorithms are proposed to deal with different situations in product customization and heuristic knowledge is introduced in these algorithms to improve the search efficiency. Optimization models have been constructed in terms of customers’ preferences to provide them with the highest satisfaction in product customization. Based on the representation scheme and reasoning algorithms, a web-based configuration system prototype is developed to support product customization. An example of a bicycle family is used as a study case and described in details.     

并行工程管理系统研究

并行工程管理系统是并行工程的核心，它由产品开发过程建模仿真与优化子系统和产品开发过程管理与协调子系统组成。本文讨论了开发过程建模的ＩＤＥＦ３过程描述获取方法，提出了系统的体系结构和主要功能，建立了面向对象的产品开发过程仿真机制。     

Process and production planning for circuit board assembly

Process planning output can be post-processed into criteria for job scheduling decisions in printed circuit board assembly using surface-mount technology (SMT). Artificial intelligence-based techniques used in computerized planning and scheduling systems in other industries can be extended to printed circuit board operations. These techniques include blackboard architectures, object-oriented programming systems, and nonmonotonic reasoning systems. These techniques were used to demonstrate a unique architecture of blackboard systems that communicate via object-oriented messages to arrive at a shop-floor process plan and production schedule. The methodology was specialized to the assembly of printed circuit boards using surface-mounted components in a high-variety/low-volume product mix. The assembly facility was represented as a hierarchical object of product, process, and organizational knowledge. The system of working heuristics was integrated within a prototype environment with the practitioners that assisted in its development. The end result is a good working methodology for system development, implementation, and maintenance by knowledge worker involvement.     

A procedure for the application of product modelling

A procedure for the application of product modelling, resulting from a recently concluded PhD project, is presented. The procedure focuses on the various design of products, where the basic product structure is well defined. The procedure is based on four theory elements: reference models for product modelling, work-study analysis, the task concept from systems theory, and the object-oriented paradigm. The procedure has been tested in a Danish company, and it has been shown via a project of moderate size (in this case using 700 engineering hours, including time for experience collection) that it is possible to get started and use product modelling in industrial companies. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the application of product models can save considerable engineering resources (1500-3000 hours per year). Another conclusion is that the product modelling activities are an important means for supporting and integrating engineering activities, as the product modelling activities provide engineers from design and methods engineering departments with valuable insight into the knowledge and procedures used for specifying products and as well as into manufacturing methods.     

Distributed production planning using a graph-based negotiation protocol

A distributed model for allocating a single job to be processed through multiple machines and alternative routings so that the job flow time is experimentally shown to reach its minimum is presented. Issues are addressed pertaining to dynamic and fully distributed decision-making for determining the job flow time in a cooperative manner between system agents (i.e. machines and a job), and for selecting a good routing (i.e. a short flow time) for a job when alternative routings are available. Two cases with confirmed jobs and without confirmed jobs are examined. The proposed protocols can deal with job shop scheduling with multiple product types in a sequential manner. The model is developed on the basis of a distributed shortest path algorithm using asynchronous job-initiated protocols. These protocols are examined using object-oriented simulation models and it is shown how the agents converge to the optimal path in a finite time.     

一种基于虚拟研究所的网络化协同产品开发系统

结合广大中小企业在网络化协同产品开发方面的需求，提出了一种在长期存在的技术、管理和协调中心及网络化协同产品开发平台支持下的产学研合作模式——虚拟研究所以及一种基于虚拟研究所的网络化协同产品开发系统，建立了该系统支持群体协同工作的一种开放集成式体系结构和包括虚拟研究所建立、虚拟产品应用和设计过程协同等三个关键环节的系统运行模式，并研究了基于J2EE架构的系统实现技术。最后，通过实例证明了该系统的实用性和有效性。