压电喷墨3D打印射频多层电路工艺

针对传统射频电路板加工周期长、工艺流程复杂等问题,创新性地采用压电喷墨3D打印技术打印射频天线多层电路板,开展了打印材料、打印参数及打印工艺对成型效果的研究.经测试,打印的样件在外形尺寸、打印线路精度,以及驻波损耗等电性能方面均能达到设计指标要求.论证了压电喷墨3D打印技术可有效用于射频多层电路的快速制造和快速验证,为...     

基于3D打印的Ku/Ka频段双波束天线设计

提出一种采用3D打印技术设计制造的径向开孔分层龙伯透镜天线, 该天线以低损耗的石蜡强化聚苯乙烯为基材, 透镜直径为700 mm, 结构形式为7层半球龙伯透镜.天线工作在Ku/Ka频段, 可同时对准两个目标.研究表明:采用3D打印技术制造的低损耗介质径向开孔分层龙伯透镜天线实现了较高性能, 有效解决了传统加工方式加工困难、一致性差的问题, 可以容易地通过采用更小介电损耗的材料实现更优良的天线性能.     

激光选区熔化在医学领域应用前景广阔

<正>3D打印实际上是数字化、网络化、定制化、个性化的制造技术。3D打印的学术名称叫增材制造,英文Additive Manufacturing。广义的3D打印是增材制造的统称,狭义的3D打印是指三维喷射工艺。目前,广义上的3D打印工艺分为:立体光刻、分层制造、熔化沉积制模、三维印刷、激光立体成型、激光选区烧结、激光选区熔化等。3D打印金属零件华南理工大学主要研究的领域是激光选区熔化,即用激光选区熔化制作精     

3D打印的原理及应用

3D打印将变革制造所有产品的方式,被誉为“第三次工业革命”。3D打印实质为增材制造技术,即逐层叠加的方法直接制造零件原型。本文对3D打印技术流程概述,对打印原理做了详细说明,介绍了3D打印在航空航天、体育、医疗和教育方面的具体应用。     

3D打印 深圳策

【正】3D打印机打印了枪支!打印了飞机!打印了房子!还打印了人体器官……几乎每天都有关于3D打印的神奇报道,令人兴奋不已,又令人充满无限的好奇。这是什么技术?3D打印(3D printing),是一种以数字模型文件为基础,运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料,通过逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。它也是快速成型技术的一种。3...     

3D打印在空间微波部件的应用展望

3D打印通过流体材料或粉体材料的层片叠加,将CAD设计转化为三维实体零件,无需模具或机加工,凭借极大的设计自由度和生产效率,近年来逐渐用于工业产品的直接制造,在配件减重、模型验证、复杂结构一体化成型、零部件受损修复方面具有极大的优势。本文介绍了3D打印技术及其分类,举例分析该技术在航天器微波部件的应用情况,探讨其对射频器件制备的影响。最后,对3D打印在空间部件制造的关键问题和发展进行了展望。     

从制造到智造再到自造

制造业是新加坡的经济支柱,2016年为新加坡经济贡献了800亿新币的产值,约占新加坡GDP的20％,并为全社会提供了大量优质就业岗位.随着全球经济增长放缓,中国、德国和美国都在加紧发展先进制造业,新加坡也不例外,其中的一个主攻方向是3D打印(3D Printing). 3D打印也叫“增材制造”(Additive Manufacturing,AM),是一种以数字模型文件为基础,融合了计算机辅助设计、材料加工与成型技术,通过软件与数控系统将专用材料以逐层堆积的方式,制造出实体物品的制造技术.相对于传统的、对原材料进行“切削-组装”的制造模式,增材制造采用原材料累加的方式制造,不浪费原材料,并且使复杂结构件的直接制造成为可能.所以,增材制造被认为是引领制造业走向“智造业”最具前景的技术方向.     

3D打印技术在机载超宽带共形天线中的应用研究

为提高共形相控阵天线的设计制造效率,在平面紧耦合天线的基础上,设计了与飞机襟翼曲面共形的紧耦合超宽带相控阵天线。按照共形天线的安装要求,提出了混合3D打印技术,即采用熔融堆积成型技术及微滴喷射成型技术实现襟翼流线型曲面模型的打印,并完成了紧耦合天线辐射层的打印,验证了3D打印技术在共形天线上的应用。加上馈电结构后对单元电压驻波比(voltage standing wave ratio, VSWR)和方向图进行了测试,结果表明所设计的天线在0.4～2.0 GHz范围内,VSWR、单元方向图和阵列方向图符合设计技术指标,为后续共形天线设计和加工提供了技术基础。     

基于STM32的木塑颗粒3D打印机系统设计

随着3D打印技术的快速发展,木塑材料已成为新型打印材料。因此设计一款基于STM32的木塑颗粒3D打印机系统。该系统以STM32单片机为控制核心,控制螺杆挤出、挤出温度、底板加热温度以及步进电机运动等实现3D打印。实验结果表明,采用螺杆挤出的设计思路,保留FDM打印机的三维运动机构,木塑颗粒3D打印机能够大幅度地提高打印效率;而且使用木塑颗粒材料降低了打印材料成本,也拓展了木塑材料在增材制造技术的应用范围。     

3D打印在电力行业的应用研究

2014年初Pw C(普华永道)公司进行的相关调查预示着3D打印革命的到来,参加调查的100多家制造企业中,有11%已经大规模采用3D打印技术生产配件或产品。根据盖特纳(Gartner)公司的分析,当一种技术的采用比例达到20%的时候,它就已经成为主流。现在可打印材料除了基本的塑料和感光树脂,还有陶土、水泥、玻璃、多种金属以及合金,乃至加入了碳纳米管和纤维的新型热塑性复合材料。虽然运用新的3D打印方法和新材料往往使得商品直接成本升高,但是增材制造技术带来的高度灵活性可以让总成本降低,加上具有优势的应用模式,成本将进一步的降低。目前,3D打印技术最大的优势就是个性化打印,满足个性化需求,但是随着材料范围的拓宽以及打印速度的加快,3D打印技术将会成井喷方式的发展,尤其是在制造行业和一些服务型行业,本文就在电力行业引入3D打印的应用场景以及可能性,详细从成本、性能、效率三个方面探究,并提出需要注意的事项。     

金属3-D打印制造技术的发展

归纳了当前金属3-D打印技术的发展情况，指出了各类3-D打印技术优缺点，从发展历史、工作原理等方面讨论了典型3-D打印技术的技术特点; 在此基础上，对选区激光熔化技术的研究前景进行展望，即激光选区熔化技术作为金属3-D打印一个重要分支在各领域具有更广泛的应用; 提高材料性能、设备功能、结构设计及制造工艺的研发水平，可极大推动金属3-D打印技术的发展。随着金属打印技术的成熟，3-D打印的应用必将会覆盖更多金属制造产业，成为未来最重要、最具战略意义的制造技术。     

4D Printing of Hydrogels: A Review

3D printing permits the construction of objects by layer‐by‐layer deposition of material, resulting in precise control of the dimensions and properties of complex printed structures. Although 3D printing fabricates inanimate objects, the emerging technology of 4D printing allows for animated structures that change their shape, function, or properties over time when exposed to specific external stimuli after fabrication. Among the materials used in 4D printing, hydrogels have attracted growing interest due to the availability of various smart hydrogels. The reversible shape‐morphing in 4D printed hydrogel structures is driven by a stress mismatch arising from the different swelling degrees in the parts of the structure upon application of a stimulus. This review provides the state‐of‐the‐art of 4D printing of hydrogels from the materials perspective. First, the main 3D printing technologies employed are briefly depicted, and, for each one, the required physico‐chemical properties of the precursor material. Then, the hydrogels that have been printed are described, including stimuli‐responsive hydrogels, non‐responsive hydrogels that are sensitive to solvent absorption/desorption, and multimaterial structures that are totally hydrogel‐based. Finally, the current and future applications of this technology are presented, and the requisites and avenues of improvement in terms of material properties are discussed.     

Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells Fabricated by Inkjet Printing: Progress and Prospects

Inkjet printing (IJP) technology, adapted from home and office printing, has proven to be an essential research tool and industrial manufacturing technique in a wide range of printed electronic technologies, including optoelectronics. Its primary advantage over other deposition methods is the low‐cost and maskless on‐demand patterning, which offers unmatched freedom‐of‐design. Additional benefits include the efficient use of materials, contactless high‐resolution deposition, and scalability, enabling rapid translation of learning from small‐scale, laboratory‐based research into large‐scale industrial roll‐to‐roll manufacturing. In the development of organic solar cells (OSCs), IJP has enabled the printing of many of the multiple functional layers which comprise the complete cell as part of an additive printing scheme. Although IJP is only recently employed in perovskite solar cell (PeSC) fabrication, it is already showing great promise and is anticipated to find broader application with this class of materials. As OSCs and PeSCs share many common functional materials and device architectures, this review presents a progress report on the IJP of OSCs and PeSCs in order to facilitate knowledge transfer between the two technologies, with critical analyses of the challenges and opportunities also presented.     

Mechanical Properties Tailoring of 3D Printed Photoresponsive Nanocellulose Composites

3D printing technologies allow control over the alignment of building blocks in synthetic materials, but compositional changes often require complex multimaterial printing steps. Here, 3D printable materials showing locally tunable mechanical properties are produced in a single printing step of Direct Ink Writing. These new inks consist of a polymer matrix bearing biocompatible photoreactive cinnamate derivatives and up to 30 wt% of anisotropic cellulose nanocrystals. The printed materials are mechanically versatile and can undergo further crosslinking upon illumination. When illuminating the material and controlling the irradiation doses, the Young's moduli can be adjusted between 15 and 75 MPa. Moreover, spatially controlled illumination allows patterning stiff geometries, resulting in 3D printed structures with segments of different mechanical properties tailoring the mechanical behavior under compression. The high design freedom implemented by 3D printing and photopatternability opens the venue to rapid manufacturing of devices for applications such as prosthetics or soft robotics where the 3D shapes and mechanical properties must be tailored for personalized load cases.     

Additive Manufacturing of Batteries

Additive manufacturing, i.e., 3D printing, is being increasingly utilized to fabricate a variety of complex‐shaped electronics and energy devices (e.g., batteries, supercapacitors, and solar cells) due to its excellent process flexibility, good geometry controllability, as well as cost and material waste reduction. In this review, the recent advances in 3D printing of emerging batteries are emphasized and discussed. The recent progress in fabricating 3D‐printed batteries through the major 3D‐printing methods, including lithography‐based 3D printing, template‐assisted electrodeposition‐based 3D printing, inkjet printing, direct ink writing, fused deposition modeling, and aerosol jet printing, are first summarized. Then, the significant achievements made in the development and printing of battery electrodes and electrolytes are highlighted. Finally, major challenges are discussed and potential research frontiers in developing 3D‐printed batteries are proposed. It is expected that with the continuous development of printing techniques and materials, 3D‐printed batteries with long‐term durability, favorable safety as well as high energy and power density will eventually be widely used in many fields.     

3D Printed Graphene-Based 3000 K Probe

High-temperature heating is ubiquitously utilized in material synthesis and manufacturing, which often features a rapid production rate due to the significantly improved kinetics. However, current technologies generally provide overall and steady-state heating, thereby limiting their applications in micro/nano-manufacturing that require selective patterning and swift heating. Herein, significantly improved control over small-scale heating is reported by utilizing 3D printed reduced-graphene-oxide (RGO) probe triggered by electrical Joule heating, which enables precise heating with high spatial (sub-millimeter scale) and temporal (milliseconds) resolutions. The block copolymer-modified aqueous-based RGO ink enabled 3D printing of high-precision structures, and a bio-inspired cellular microstructure is constructed to achieve control of the electrical conductivity and maximize structure robustness (benefit for efficient heating and operability). In particular, a thermal probe featuring a microscale tip with excellent heating capabilities (up to ≈3000 K, ultra-fast ramping rate of ≈10⁵ K s⁻¹, and durations in milliseconds) is fabricated. This thermal probe is ideal for surface patterning, as it is demonstrated for the selective synthesis of patterned metal (i.e., platinum and silver) nanoparticles on nano-carbon substrates, which is not possible by traditional steady-state heating. The material construction and heating strategy can be readily extended to a range of applications requiring precise control on high-temperature heating.     

卷到卷丝网印刷RFID天线的工艺优化研究

采用卷到卷全自动丝网印刷机,在纸基材上印刷导电银浆制作RFID(电子标签)天线。通过正交优化实验研究了刮板与网版的承印角度、刮板压力、刮板移动速度和固化温度等四个可控因素对天线印刷工艺稳定性的影响。利用金相显微镜观察了导电银浆线路的表面效果与切片效果。优化结果得到最佳工艺参数,制作出满足电阻要求的RFID天线。     

3D Printing of Multifunctional Hydrogels

3D printing technology has been widely explored for the rapid design and fabrication of hydrogels, as required by complicated soft structures and devices. Here, a new 3D printing method is presented based on the rheology modifier of Carbomer for direct ink writing of various functional hydrogels. Carbomer is shown to be highly efficient in providing ideal rheological behaviors for multifunctional hydrogel inks, including double network hydrogels, magnetic hydrogels, temperature‐sensitive hydrogels, and biogels, with a low dosage (at least 0.5% w/v) recorded. Besides the excellent printing performance, mechanical behaviors, and biocompatibility, the 3D printed multifunctional hydrogels enable various soft devices, including loadable webs, soft robots, 4D printed leaves, and hydrogel Petri dishes. Moreover, with its unprecedented capability, the Carbomer‐based 3D printing method opens new avenues for bioprinting manufacturing and integrated hydrogel devices.     

模切法RFID天线制造技术

现有被动式RFID标签天线制造技术存在着不足：主流的蚀刻法工艺繁琐,产出速度慢,对环境有污染;印刷法使用的导电银油墨的成本居高不下,而且天线可靠性也存在问题;电镀法在大批量生产时才有成本优势。为此,提出了一种基于模切技术的天线制造方法：针对一款图案精细的超高频RFID天线,用两次模切排废的方法,得到了天线图形。天线与R...     

基于食品3D打印原料的信息物理要素组合及动态机制溯源系统研究

本文主要研究一种基于区块链技术的可食用3D打印原料溯源系统,主要研究内容分为三部分,一是基于区块链技术的生产端自动化生产网络;二是基于区块链技术的消费端3D打印验真网络;三是链接两端的信息转换溯源平台。