不同品种红肉柚类胡萝卜素组分及其抗氧化能力研究

采用液相色谱串联质谱法（liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS）对果肉色泽有差异的6种贵州红肉柚品种的类胡萝卜素组分及含量进行比较分析,同时运用体外抗氧化法测定果肉中总类胡萝卜素、总类黄酮和总多酚等活性成分的大小。结果表明,红肉柚果肉中总类胡萝卜素含量在150.81 mg/kg～241.29 mg/kg,组分包括玉米黄质、γ-胡萝卜素及番茄红素等10种,其中γ-胡萝卜素是主要呈色色素。果肉中总类黄酮含量在55.54 mg/kg～482.22 mg/kg,总多酚含量在0.41 mg/g～0.77 mg/g,抗氧化能力与总类胡萝卜素、总多酚和总类黄酮含量呈正相关性。     

云南引种油橄榄嫩叶中抗氧化成分含量分析

为更好地开发利用油橄榄叶，提高云南引种油橄榄的经济附加值，采用生化法及高效液相色谱法测定云南引种的16个品种油橄榄嫩叶中总黄酮、总酚含量及黄酮类和多酚类成分的含量，并对多酚类成分进行聚类分析，筛选不同用途优良茶叶品种。结果表明：16个品种油橄榄嫩叶中总黄酮含量为66.66~117.39 mg/g，总酚含量为35.63~55.81 mg/g，总黄酮和总酚含量均较高的5个品种为柯基、鄂植8号、豆果、城固32和尖叶木樨榄；16个品种油橄榄嫩叶的黄酮类成分为槲皮素、木犀草素、芹菜素、木犀草苷，含量分别为242.17~5 447.71 μg/g、818.48~2 707.34 μg/g、40.29~1 241.30 μg/g和1.35～5.17 mg/g，主要多酚类物质为橄榄苦苷（4.22～26.00 mg/g）、山楂酸（4.19~11.44 mg/g），其次为羟基酪醇（998.08~6 164.13 μg/g）、红景天苷（189.16~7 940.99 μg/g），其他多酚类成分含量较低。经聚类分析，16个品种油橄榄嫩叶分为5个亚类。柯基、鄂植8号、豆果3个品种油橄榄嫩叶中总黄酮、总酚及多酚类成分含量均较高，可作为抗氧化功能茶原料进行开发。     

金橘提取物对油脂抗氧化作用研究

通过碘量法检测金橘黄酮类及柠檬苦素类提取物的抗氧化活性.结果表明:金柑黄酮类及柠檬苦素类提取物均有一定的抗油脂氧化作用;黄酮类提取物添加量为0.02%时,有显著的抗油脂氧化活性,与VC及VE有协同增效作用;柠檬苦素类提取物添加量为0.08%时,有微弱的抗油脂氧化活性,与VC及VE无显著的协同增效作用,且抗氧化作用稳定性不好.     

不同甜橙品种抗氧化能力的比较

用3种抗氧化体系综合评价了7个甜橙品种的抗氧化能力。对·OH的清除率介于47.60%～88.62%之间,品种间存在显著的差异性,无核雪柑和血橙的清除能力最强,清家最弱;对DPPH·的清除率均在50%以上,品种间未呈现显著的差异性,以无核雪柑清除率相对较高;用ABTS/K2S2O8体系测定的反映总抗氧化能力的TEAC值介于4.79～6.09之间,血橙最高,锦橙最低。综合比较表明,血橙品种总抗氧化能力最强。      

不同品种苹果籽总酚含量与抗氧化相关性研究

为探讨苹果籽总酚含量与抗氧化相关性及其抗氧化的物质基础,以7 个品种苹果籽为材料,采用 Folin-Ciocalteu法测定总酚含量,FRAP法、ABTS＋·法、O2－·清除法、·OH清除法和DPPH自由基清除法评价抗氧化活性,高效液相色谱法进行多酚成分分析。结果表明：7 个品种苹果籽总酚含量范围为5.74～17.44 mg GAE/g（以干质量计）,抗氧化性优于茶多酚、VC和2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚（2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol,BHT）,蜜脆苹果籽具有最高的总酚含量和最好的抗氧化能力。除DPPH自由基清除法外,多酚含量与其他4 种方法测得的抗氧化数据具有显著正相关（r=0.771～0.984）。根皮苷为苹果籽多酚抗氧化的主要成分。     

不同甜橙品种抗氧化能力的比较

用3种抗氧化体系综合评价了7个甜橙品种的抗氧化能力。对·OH的清除率介于47.60%～88.62%之间,品种间存在显著的差异性,无核雪柑和血橙的清除能力最强,清家最弱;对DPPH·的清除率均在50%以上,品种间未呈现显著的差异性,以无核雪柑清除率相对较高;用ABTS/K2S2O8体系测定的反映总抗氧化能力的TEAC值介于4.79～6.09之间,血橙最高,锦橙最低。综合比较表明,血橙品种总抗氧化能力最强。     

不同产地甜橙果皮提取物抗氧化活性成分及能力研究

以8种不同产地甜橙皮为研究对象,比较其抗氧化活性成分及抗氧化能力。研究结果表明,麻阳冰糖橙皮中多酚、黄酮、单宁和VC含量最高,其含量分别为7.60mg GAE/g·样品干重、4.57mg RE/g·样品干重、17.90mg TAE/g·样品干重、17.86 mg/g·样品干重。同时,麻阳冰糖橙皮也展现了最高的铁离子还原能力[(81.50±0.93)μmol TE/g·样品干重]、很高的DPPH·清除能力[(15.77±0.64)μmol TE/g·样品干重]和ABTS·清除能力[(77.70±0.75)μmol TE/g·样品干重]。Spearman相关分析表明,这4类成分含量与抗氧化活性具有显著相关性。高效液相色谱鉴定甜橙皮中的5种主要黄酮类化合物为橙皮苷、柚皮苷、橙皮素、川陈皮素和桔红素,其中以橙皮苷含量最高[(2.63±0.21)～(4.65±0.33)mg/g·样品干重]。主成分分析和层次聚类分析将8种甜橙分为三类,第Ⅰ类:永兴冰糖橙、洪江冰糖橙、麻阳冰糖橙和浏阳脐橙;第Ⅱ类:石门冰糖橙和石门脐橙;第Ⅲ类:麻阳脐橙和邵阳脐橙。尤其以第Ⅰ类的多酚、黄酮、单宁和VC含量高,铁离子还原能力和ABTS·清除能力较强。甜橙皮中抗氧化活性物质的含量及其抗氧化活性可以作为区分不同产地甜橙的重要指标。     

市售橙汁类饮料总抗氧化活性的比较

比较市售橙汁类饮料的总抗氧化活性。采用ABTS法对11种市售橙汁类饮料的总抗氧化活性进行测定，并分析其总抗氧化活性与所含抗坏血酸、多酚类以及类胡萝卜素的关系。结果：100％橙汁的总抗氧化活性比调配得到的橙汁类饮料要高，调配得到的橙汁类饮料由于添加了VC和β-胡萝卜素也具有较高的抗氧化活性。样品总的抗氧化活性与多酚类的含量之间存在着较好的相关性，说明多酚类物质可能是市售橙汁类饮料的主导抗氧化活性成分。     

不同品种枣果实发育过程中多酚类物质、VC含量的变化及其抗氧化活性

为探索不同品种枣果发育过程中多酚类物质与抗氧化活性的动态变化规律,对灰枣、鸡心枣、梨枣、赞皇枣、磨盘枣、葫芦枣6 个枣品种的不同发育期果实中多酚类物质的含量及组成和VC含量及抗氧化活性进行分析测定。结果表明,供试各品种枣果实中总酚、总黄酮、VC含量和抗氧化活性均在采摘初期（幼果期）为最高,其后随着果实的发育呈逐渐下降趋势。其中总酚、总黄酮含量在绿熟期前下降迅速,绿熟期以后变化趋缓,果实接近成熟时则趋于平稳,全红期果实可较采摘初期降低60%以上;VC含量和抗氧化活性在白熟期前下降较快,白熟期后降幅变小。高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）分析结果显示,儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁是供试各品种枣果实中最主要的酚类物质,这些酚类物质含量在枣果实发育过程中也呈下降趋势,但在不同品种间存在较大差异。供试枣果实抗氧化活性与其中的总酚、总黄酮、VC以及儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁等主要酚类物质的含量均存在极显著相关关系（P＜0.01）,其中尤以芦丁、表儿茶素、儿茶素与抗氧化活性的相关性较高,说明芦丁、表儿茶素、儿茶素等多酚类物质是枣果中最主要的抗氧化活性成分。磨盘枣、葫芦枣具有较高的多酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性,鸡心枣具有较高的VC含量,是功能性枣果及其加工制品生产的理想品种。     

柠檬苦素的抗氧化与抑菌效果研究

采用有机溶剂法提取尤力克柠檬果皮和果籽中的柠檬苦素并测定其含量,并对其抗氧化与抑菌活性进行研究。试验结果表明:柠檬籽较柠檬皮含更多苦素类化合物,且籽提取液中所含柠檬苦素的浓度为2.766 4×10-1 mg/m L;柠檬皮提苦素物和柠檬籽提苦素物对DPPH自由基的清除作用不明显,试验条件下的抑制率最高仅为14.58%,远低于同浓度特丁基对苯二酚(tert-Butylhydroquinone,TBHQ);2 mg/m L用量的提取液对猪油贮藏期有一定延缓效果。抑菌活性试验结果表明从柠檬皮和柠檬籽中提取的苦素物质对大肠杆菌、根霉、枯草芽胞杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有一定的抑菌作用,两者均对枯草芽胞杆菌的抑菌效果最好,且皮提苦素物和籽提苦素物对枯草芽胞杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC)分别均为0.5 mg/m L和0.75 mg/m L。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press