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作为一种新型高效的可见光催化剂,钒酸铋已经成为目前研究人员研究的重点。本实验采用硝酸铋和偏钒酸铵作为反应原料,白炭黑作为模板剂,利用水热反应,制备了不同形貌的钒酸铋材料。光催化降解罗丹明B以及电化学性能均表明当Si与Bi元素摩尔比为1时,材料的光催化性能最好,扫描电子显微镜也表明其具有较为规整的形貌以及较多的孔数,同时,孔富集于特定的晶面,使得富集空穴的表面有更大的接触面积,进而提高了氧化性能。 相似文献
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采用水热反应法并改变反应条件制备不同形貌和晶体结构的BiVO4可见光催化剂,并探讨不同形貌BiVO4的形成机制及其光催化活性的影响因素。借助X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及固体紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对产品进行表征,并在可见光(λ〉420 nm)照射下考察其降解亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化性能。结果表明,高温更有利于单斜型钒酸铋的生成,反应初始pH值对钒酸铋的形貌影响较大。反应过程中,前驱液中的颗粒通过溶解再结晶、定向聚集自组装、熟化过程最终形成不同形貌的钒酸铋颗粒。钒酸铋的光催化降解速率主要受其晶粒粒径和晶体微观应变的影响,晶粒粒径越大,微观应变越小,结晶度越好,降解速率越高。 相似文献
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采用水热反应法并改变反应条件制备不同形貌和晶体结构的BiVO4可见光催化剂,并探讨不同形貌BiVO4的形成机制及其光催化活性的影响因素。借助X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及固体紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对产品进行表征,并在可见光(λ420 nm)照射下考察其降解亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化性能。结果表明,高温更有利于单斜型钒酸铋的生成,反应初始pH值对钒酸铋的形貌影响较大。反应过程中,前驱液中的颗粒通过溶解再结晶、定向聚集自组装、熟化过程最终形成不同形貌的钒酸铋颗粒。钒酸铋的光催化降解速率主要受其晶粒粒径和晶体微观应变的影响,晶粒粒径越大,微观应变越小,结晶度越好,降解速率越高。 相似文献
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钒酸铋是一种新型的可见光催化剂,其本身没有毒性,带隙较窄,具有明亮的色泽,良好的耐腐蚀性,光催化等性能,在颜料和光催化降解等领域有着广泛的应用。本文介绍了钒酸铋及其掺杂体系的制备方法和应用,并提出了有待解决的问题。 相似文献
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钒酸铋(BiVO4)黄色颜料是一种无毒、品质优良的新型无机颜料,其发展前景非常广阔。传统的合成方法分为固相法和液相法,固相法在改变颜料品质方面受限制较多,而液相法则较少。近几年科研人员开发出的液相法有:液相沉淀法,水热合成法,微波辅助加热法,微乳液法,络合法,包覆法等。文章详细介绍了这些方法的具体过程,可为有关人员作为参考。 相似文献
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钒酸铋和其它无铅色漆用颜料 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
受生态因素影响 ,铬酸铅颜料的替代问题已变得日益重要。传统的铬黄颜料已由高着色力有机颜料在与遮盖性颜料配合的情况下所取代。若干年前 ,钒酸铋颜料的出现以及近年更具红相的钒酸铋复合颜料 ,已成为有价值的替代品。本文将就这种替代品的中、高性能应用进行比较。就配制具有明亮黄色的色漆这一应用而言 ,钒酸铋颜料在性能价格比方面优于有机颜料。就配制淡色色漆来说 ,使用高着色力有机颜料通常是比较便宜的 ,但是 ,其耐久性却比不上钒酸铋颜料。1 概论几十年来 ,替代铬酸铅颜料的问题一直是涂料工业在不同程度上不得不面对的课题。所… 相似文献
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Theresa L. Baker K. T. Faber D. W. Readey 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(7):1619-1623
Bismuth vanadate has been used as a model system to examine toughening by stress-induced domain motion in a ferroelastic materials. Fracture toughnesses in the ferroelastic and paraelastic states have been compared. Toughening and R -curve behavior have been observed in the ferroelastic state. Single crystals of BiVO4 show domain nucleation and propagation under compressive loading and domain generation during fracture. The increase in toughening in the ferroelastic state can be explained by a combination of crack deflection and domain wall motion, the latter contributing to R -curve behavior. 相似文献
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Yi Ma Elisabet Ahlberg Ye Sun Bo Brummerstedt Iversen Anders E.C. Palmqvist 《Electrochimica acta》2011,(11):4216
Bismuth telluride thin films have been synthesized by electrochemical deposition onto stainless steel substrates from acidic solutions. The influence of deposition variables on film composition, morphology and crystal orientation associated with the growth of the film was investigated by means of constant potential deposition and pulsed potential deposition. In-plane thermoelectric and transport properties of the electrodeposited films were measured. The carrier concentration of the electrodeposited films was found to be one order of magnitude larger than typically reported for optimized bulk bismuth telluride, which explains the unusually low Hall mobility and Seebeck coefficient values found for the electrodeposited films. Pulse deposited films showed slightly lower electrical resistivity and higher Seebeck coefficient due to the lower porosity and less preferred crystal orientation of the films compared to the continuously deposited films. Improvements of the film properties are necessary to make them viable for applications. 相似文献
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D. Araten 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1968,18(4):118-121
Molten ionic oxides possess important desirable properties: thermal stability, and useful chemical properties resulting from their acid or basic behaviour, i.e., from their capacity to accept or donate an oxygen ion, and, in several cases, relatively low melting points, well below 1000°c. Bismuth trioxide was found to effect a two-temperature decomposition of ammonium chloride, yielding ammonia and hydrogen chloride. Molten antimony trioxide was found to attack rock phosphate and convert part of the phosphate to a water-soluble form. Molten lead monoxide was found to dissolve calcium oxide readily, to dissolve chromic sesquioxide, to decompose chromite ore and to permit an extraction of iron-free lead chromate into an upper layer of molten alkali chloride. Addition of lead sulphide to a lead monoxide melt caused formation of elemental lead and lead sulphate. Vanadium pentoxide was found to decompose ammonium chloride, yielding first, hydrogen chloride and then, ammonia. The reaction of a vanadium pentoxide melt with rock phosphate, studied in some detail, resulted in water-solubilisation of the phosphate. The product formed in the melt is probably a calcium phosphate vanadate, from the aqueous solution of which calcium can be precipitated by ammonium carbonate; the ensuing ammonium phosphate and vanadate solution can be separated by known methods, permitting recovery of the vanadium pentoxide, and yielding ammonium phosphate. 相似文献
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含铋光催化材料的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
含铋光催化材料因其能吸收可见光、催化活性高而具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要回顾了含铋光催化材料近年来的研究概况,详细介绍了铋氧化物、卤氧化铋及钛酸铋、钨酸铋、钒酸铋、钼酸铋、铁酸铋等光催化剂的结构、制备和光催化性能,重点对光催化性能的改进方法进行了综述,包括制备方法的改良、催化剂的掺杂改性及复合催化剂的制备等;最后针对进一步提高光催化剂整体性能、实现工业化应用两点,提出了未来可以利用多元元素掺杂、多元半导体复合进行改性和负载于某些载体制备整体催化剂进行改良的观点。 相似文献
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综述了近年来国内外关于钒酸镍材料的合成方法、结构性质以及应用于锂离子电池新型负极材料的研究进展。钒酸镍(Ni3V2O8、NiV3O8等)电极材料具有成本低、环境友好、比容量高、倍率性能优异等优点,但其在充放电过程中体积的巨大变化、电导性差以及比表面积低等问题严重影响了其规模化应用。该文从三个方面阐述了近年来通过电极材料微纳米化、复合化、表面包覆等手段有针对性的进行钒酸镍电极材料改性的研究进展,积极探索了高性能钒酸镍材料的合成方法,展望了今后重点开展的研究方向,对于钒酸镍材料的广泛应用具有一定的学术价值和实用意义。 相似文献