基于压电陶瓷的睡眠信息检测方法

检测睡眠状态下呼吸率、心跳率和翻身情况等信息有助于疾病预防和健康管理。设计了基于压电陶瓷的非接触式多通道睡眠信息检测系统;通过嵌入床垫的多个压电陶瓷传感器感知人体微小震动引起的压力变化,基于区域短时能量分布的体动姿态识别算法和自回归参数模型功率谱估计计算呼吸率;将胸腔振动位移信号转化为加速度信号以分离心跳信号,采用快速集合经验模式分解算法和自适应特征波定位算法计算心跳率。实验结果表明,该方法呼吸率平均误差小于3%,心跳率平均误差小于5%。     

基于背景差分和光流法的运动目标检测与跟踪

本实验研究的系统是利用混合高斯背景建模的方法建立一个背景模型,通过背景差分法从一系列包含运动目标的图像帧中提取出运动目标,并对提取出的目标区域进行金字塔光流法,以目标区域的光流方向作为运动目标的运动方向。最后通过vc++平台和opencv库设计一个演示环境,实现在单一的场景中实现运动目标检测和跟踪,验证本系统算法的可行性。     

一种适用于微动敏感床垫的呼吸努力识别的新算法

本文提出了一种适用于微动敏感床垫的检测呼吸努力的新算法.该方法首先对胸冲击图进行预处理,突出其中呼吸努力的成分,然后利用基于呼吸努力的形态特征和幅度跨度相似性的算法,初步检测出呼吸努力,并在总结呼吸努力在床垫系统上动态响应的特点的基础上,提出了基于胸冲击积分信号自相关变换功率谱分布的呼吸努力校正方法,对呼吸努力进行校正.本方法的检测结果与食道内压的检测结果对比表明,本算法可以识别出典型的呼吸努力,并与食道内压检测结果对应性良好.     

基于运动模式在线分类的移动机器人目标跟踪

区别于以往采用固定运动模式的目标跟踪研究,提出一种基于单目视觉传感器的人体运动模式在线识别算法,及基于此算法的人体目标跟踪方法。首先,利用视觉信息检测运动目标,并提取其视觉特征;然后通过单目视觉深度提取算法,获取目标的运动特征;接着将连续几帧的特征变化矢量送入随机森林(RF)进行学习,实现对人体运动模式的在线分类;最后根据分类结果在线选取不同的目标运动模型,并利用近似最优的粒子滤波器实现对目标运动状态的准确估计。实验结果证明了本文提出算法的有效性。     

从光电容积图中提取脉搏率、呼吸率和心率的新方法

光电容积描记图(PPG)是一种利用光学技术无创检测人体心血管脉搏波的方法。PPG信号来源于MIMIC数据库,它含有许多生理信息。本文提出了将集合经验模态分解(EEMD)、倒谱、快速傅里叶变化和过零点检测相结合的方法,从PPG中可靠地估算脉搏率(PR)、心率(HR)和呼吸频率(RR)。首先,将PPG信号通过EEMD分解为有限个固有模态函数(IMF)。因为EEMD有自适应滤波特性,所以估算不同的生理参数时,可以用不同的IMF分量来重构信号。其次,估算脉搏率时,舍去低频含有伪迹的IMF,再通过过零点检测可以得到瞬时脉搏率。然后,估算心率时,用1 Hz~1.67 Hz(60次/分钟~100次/分钟)的IMF来重构信号,再求倒谱,选取反映心脏活动的频带来得到心率。最后,估算呼吸率时,用0.05 Hz~0.75 Hz(3次/分钟~45次/分钟)的IMF来重构信号,然后对呼吸信号求快速傅里叶变化得到频谱图,寻找频谱图中的峰值得到呼吸率。对来自MIMIC数据库的53个成人PPG信号进行了仿真。仿真结果表明使用该综合信号处理方法提取的生理参数与实际生理参数一致,且该方法有运算量小,精确度高的优点(误差不超过1.17%)。     

基于Horn-Schunck光流法的运动目标检测的研究

运动目标检测具有广泛的理论及现实意义,光流法是运动目标检测的重要方法之一。对基于Horn-Schunck光流法的运动目标检测方法进行了分析和仿真,计算出了相邻帧图像的光流并进行了运动目标的检测。通过实验证明,基于Horn-Schunck光流法的运动检测方法能够有效地检测运动目标。     

基于多源信息融合的膝上假肢步态识别方法

为了实现膝上假肢的有效控制,提出基于多源信息融合的步态识别方法。首先通过搭建人体下肢多源运动信息系统获取下肢表面肌电信号、腿部角度信号和足底压力信号。针对获取的信息,采用基于小波变换的空域相关滤波对肌电信号进行消噪并提取信号特征;选择大小腿、膝关节角度作为腿部角度信号特征;将足底压力信号通过阈值法提取有效特征。在特征提取基础上,分别利用BP神经网络和有限状态机对下肢运动信息进行步态识别,并将识别结果进行融合。实验验证了该方法在平地行走、上下楼梯模式下步态识别准确率均达到95%以上。     

移动相机下基于三维背景估计的运动目标检测

室内环境中的运动目标检测是计算机视觉领域的研究热点,而移动相机造成的动态背景是运动目标检测的难点。本文提出一种基于同步定位与地图创建(ORB-SLAM)三维背景估计的运动目标检测算法,首先使用移动相机遍历整个室内环境,采用ORB-SLAM技术建立当前全局环境的三维背景特征点云模型;然后基于局部视频建立局部三维特征点云,根据定位信息将当前局部三维特征点云与环境三维背景特征点云进行嵌入,基于环境背景信息,采用三维均值漂移(3DMS)算法,对局部三维特征点云进行前景特征点提取;运用深度卷积神经网络,对提取的前景特征点所在候选区域进行运动目标确认。通过多个室内场景的实际实验进行验证,结果表明本文方法具有较高的运动目标检测准确率和召回率,提出的运动目标检测算法充分利用了三维背景信息,采用深度卷积神经网络进行确认,有效地改善了检测的准确性和鲁棒性。     

超宽带步进变频雷达人体呼吸检测方法研究

针对生命体检测技术中呼吸频率检测问题进行了研究,提出了利用超宽带步进变频雷达对生命体在一维距离域上成像的同时检测其呼吸频率的方法。该方法首先利用步进频率的回波数据得到目标的一维距离像,然后在一维距离像中目标信号两边作滤波,滤波后可将微弱的呼吸频率从噪声中提取出来,实现检测生命体呼吸频率的目的。该方法可将载有呼吸频率信号的目标一维像从距离域中截取出来,使得人体微动以及其他距离域上的干扰频率被抑制掉,提高了回波信号的信噪比。     

基于监控视频的异常事件识别

提出了一种基于监控视频的异常事件识别模型,该模型可以实时监测视频中的前景目标,并通过分析目标的运动信息判断是否有异常事件的发生。首先,采用背景建模的混合高斯算法提取前景目标;然后,用金字塔迭代的L-K特征点跟踪算法得到前景的光流运动信息,并通过分析前景的面积比例、速度方差、整体熵判断视频中是否有异常事件的发生;最后,利用爆炸、人群短时聚集和分散两种异常事件做仿真实验。结果表明,该模型可以准确提取前景目标区域,并可以快速、精准地判断监控视频中的异常事件,可以为管理部门及时发现和控制异常事件提供有效的帮助。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.