Coordinated decentralized adaptive output feedback control of interconnected systems

A decentralized adaptive output feedback control design is proposed for large-scale interconnected systems. It is assumed that all the controllers share prior information about the system reference models. Based on that information, a linearly parameterized neural network is introduced for each subsystem to partially cancel the effect of the interconnections on tracking performance. Boundedness of error signals is shown through Lyapunov's direct method.     

互联大系统动态输出反馈多重叠鲁棒分散关联镇定

针对一类具有网型拓扑结构的互联大系统,提出一种动态输出反馈多重叠鲁棒分散关联镇定方法.该方法将系统状态空间加以扩展,在扩展空间中将其分解为按循环逆序排列的一系列两两子系统对,并为每个子系统对分别设计使其关联稳定的鲁棒分散动态输出反馈控制器,将这些多重叠设计的控制器再收缩回原空间,实现控制律的协调.将该方法应用到一个四区域网型电力系统控制设计中,仿真结果验证了所提出方法的可行性和优越性.     

Robustness of dynamic output feedback control for singular perturbation systems

The problem of the robustness of dynamic output feedback control for singular perturbation systems is investigated. The solution to this problem is reduced to the simultaneous design of static output feedback controllers for the fast subsystem and the so-called auxiliary system of the slow subsystem. Some conditions are proposed to ensure the robustness of the actual closed-loop system. The exact upper bound of the parasitic parameter for the controlled system is also determined. Finally, an actual model which failed in dynamic output feedback control in [4] is reexamined successfully here.     

H ∞ output tracking control for discrete‐time switched systems via output feedback

This paper studies the problem of H _∞ output tracking control for a class of discrete‐time switched systems. Neither the measurability of the system state nor the solvability of the output tracking control problem for each individual subsystem is required. We design controllers for subsystems and a switching law to solve the H _∞ output tracking problem for the switched system. The designed controllers use only the measured output feedback, and the switching law is based on the measured output tracking error. In addition, the quadratic function corresponding to each subsystem is not required to be positive definite. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed design method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Weakly coupled event triggered output feedback system in wireless networked control systems

This paper examines output feedback control of wireless networked control systems where there are separate links between the sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator. The proposed triggering events only rely on local information so that the transmissions from the sensor and controller subsystems are not necessarily synchronized. This represents an advance over recent work in event-triggered output feedback control where transmission from the controller subsystem was tightly coupled to the receipt of event-triggered sensor data. The paper presents an upper bound on the optimal cost attained by the closed-loop system. Simulation results demonstrate that transmissions between sensors and controller subsystems are not tightly synchronized. These results are also consistent with derived upper bounds on overall system cost.     

Adaptive output feedback control for nonholonomic systems with uncertain chained form

The output feedback adaptive control problem is investigated for nonholonomic systems with strongly nonlinear uncertainties and unknown virtual control directions. A nonlinear output feedback switching controller based on the output measurement of the first subsystem is employed in order to make the state scaling effective and ensure the convergence of the system states. The novel observer/estimator is introduced for state and unknown parameter estimates. The integrator backstepping technique by the use of a constructive recursive is applied to the design of the adaptive controller and to overcome the unknown virtual control directions. The simulation result validates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Decentralised direct adaptive output feedback fuzzy controller for a class of large-scale nonaffine nonlinear systems and its applications

A novel cooperation-based decentralised direct adaptive fuzzy control via output feedback is developed for a class of large-scale nonaffine uncertain nonlinear systems using a direct adaptive fuzzy approach in this article. Under assumption that all the controllers share their prior information about the subsystem reference models, the interconnections between subsystems are relaxed to arbitrarily strong nonlinearities without matching conditions. The assumption on input gains is extended from typical positive constants to highly nonlinear functions. The feedback and adaptation mechanisms require neither the typical observation error filtering nor the famous strictly positive-real condition. Based on Lyapunov's direct method, the tracking errors of the closed-loop large-scale system are guaranteed to converge to tunable neighbourhoods of the origin. The proposed algorithm is applied to controlling two mechanical large-scale systems and simulation results substantiate its effectiveness.     

多时滞离散切换系统的动态输出反馈H∞控制

借助多Lyapunov函数方法,研究一类具有多时滞的离散切换系统的鲁棒[H∞]控制问题。假设切换系统的每个子系统都不能实现鲁棒[H∞]控制,基于切换动态输出反馈控制策略,给出了系统存在鲁棒[H∞]干扰抑制水平[γ]可切换镇定的充分条件,并表示成与时滞相关的线性矩阵不等式（LMI）形式,还分别给出了切换律和动态输出反馈控制器的设计方案。最后用仿真例子说明了结论的有效性。     

全局收敛的带有输出约束柔性关节机械臂分段控制

针对带有输出约束和模型不确定的柔性关节机械臂系统,运用奇异摄动法将系统解耦成慢子与快子系统且分别进行控制器设计,从而实现与刚性控制方法的联系且能减少计算量.针对快子系统,采用速度差值反馈来抑制关节柔性引起的系统弹性振动.针对慢子系统提出了一种全局收敛的分段控制策略,将收敛域拓展到全局,克服了基于tan-障碍Lyapuov函数(BLF)反演控制需要系统初始误差在收敛域内的缺陷,且应用径向基(RBF)神经网络消除未知干扰和模型不确定性引起的误差,至此保证了系统的轨迹跟踪和输出约束要求.仿真对比表明,所提方法能使柔性关节机械臂在任意初始位置均能保持良好的跟踪性能,体现了控制器的有效性和优越性.     

Decentralized dynamic output feedback controllers for interconnected systems with mismatched uncertainties using new sliding mode control

This paper presents a method for the design of decentralized output feedback controllers for an interconnected systems with mismatched uncertainties using a variable-structure control approach. A new reaching condition of the sliding mode is derived such that the reduced-order system is invariant to the mismatched uncertainties. In every subsystem, a new idea for a sliding mode that consists of two sets of switching surfaces is introduced, and a scheme of decentralized dynamic control using only output states is also proposed. This scheme can guarantee closed-loop stability of a sliding manifold of the composite system. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the controller design method.     

Static output feedback control of positive linear systems with output time delays

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we discuss a new problem of static output feedback controllers design for positive systems with delayed output measurements. When delayed output measurements are exclusively used as feedback control signals, previous control design methods for positive systems relying on the so-called delay-independent positivity and stability conditions are unable to synthesise a stable static output feedback controller for positive systems. A new method based on delay-dependent positivity and stability conditions is proposed in this paper to tackle this issue. We show that the synthesis of static output feedback controllers for positive systems under the effect of delayed output measurements is feasible under the newly proposed design method. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new result.     

Global output feedback control for nonlinear cascade systems with unknown output functions and unknown control directions

This paper investigates the output feedback control for the uncertain nonlinear system with the integral input‐to‐state stable (iISS) cascade subsystem, which allow not only the unknown control direction but also the unknown output function. The unknown output function only needs to have a generalized derivative (which may not be derivable), and the upper and lower bounds of the generalized derivative need not to be known. To deal with the challenge raised by the unknown output function and the unknown control direction, we choose a special Nussbaum function with a faster growth rate to ensure the integrability for the derivative of the selected Lyapunov function. Then, a dynamic output feedback controller is designed to drive the system states to the origin while keeping the boundedness for all other closed‐loop signals. Moreover, via some appropriate transformations, the proposed control scheme is extended to deal with more general uncertain nonlinear cascade systems with quantized input signals. Finally, two simulation examples are given to show the effectiveness of the control scheme.     

Finite dimensional disturbance observer based control for nonlinear parabolic PDE systems via output feedback

This paper considers the problem of finite dimensional disturbance observer based control (DOBC) via output feedback for a class of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) systems. The external disturbance is generated by an exosystem modeled by ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which enters into the PDE system through the control channel. Motivated by the fact that the dominant dynamic behavior of parabolic PDE systems can be characterized by a finite number of degrees of freedom, the modal decomposition technique is initially applied to the PDE system to derive a slow subsystem of finite dimensional ODEs. Subsequently, based on the slow subsystem and the exosystem, a disturbance observer (DO) and a slow mode observer (SMO) are constructed to estimate the disturbance and the slow modes. Moreover, an observation spillover observer (OSO) is also constructed to cancel approximately the effect of the observation spillover. Then, a finite dimensional DOBC design via output feedback is developed to estimate and compensate the disturbance, such that the closed-loop PDE system is exponentially stable in the presence of the disturbance. The condition for the existence of the proposed controller is given in terms of bilinear matrix inequality. Two algorithms based on the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique are provided for solving control and observer gain matrices of the proposed controller. Finally, the developed design method is applied to the control of a one-dimensional diffusion-reaction process to illustrate its effectiveness.     

参数不确定离散时间系统的有限时间输出反馈预见控制器设计

基于参数依赖的Lyapunov函数方法及LMI技巧,研究一类参数不确定离散时间系统的有限时间输出反馈预见控制问题.首先,采用预见控制理论中误差系统的方法,引入差分算子和离散提升技术,构造出包含未来目标值信号和干扰信号的信息的扩大误差系统,将有限时间预见控制问题转化为扩大误差系统的有限时间稳定性问题;然后,针对所推导出的扩大误差系统设计输出反馈预见控制器,通过改造输出方程以充分利用可预见信号的未来信息,并通过LMI技巧给出闭环系统有限时间稳定的条件及预见控制器的设计方法.研究结果表明,通过求解LMI,可确定静态输出反馈预见控制器增益矩阵.数值仿真表明了所提出方法的有效性.     

Decentralized adaptive output feedback design for large-scalenonlinear systems

In this paper, we present a global, decentralized adaptive design procedure for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems, which utilizes only local output feedback. The advocated scheme guarantees robustness to parametric and dynamic uncertainties in the interconnections and also rejects any bounded disturbances entering the system. The systems belonging to this class are those which can be transformed using a global diffeomorphism to the output feedback canonical form, where the interconnections are a function of subsystem outputs only. The uncertainties are assumed to be bounded by an unknown pth-order polynomial in the outputs. The resulting controller maintains global robustness and disturbance rejection properties. The output tracking error is shown to be bounded within a compact set, the size of which can be made arbitrarily small by appropriate choice of the control gains. For the case where the objective is regulation, global asymptotic regulation of all the states of the closed-loop system is achieved     

Dynamic output feedback control with output quantizer for nonlinear uncertain T‐S fuzzy systems with multiple time‐varying input delays and unmatched disturbances

The dynamic output feedback control problem with output quantizer is investigated for a class of nonlinear uncertain Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy systems with multiple time‐varying input delays and unmatched disturbances. The T‐S fuzzy model is employed to approximate the nonlinear uncertain system, and the output space is partitioned into operating regions and interpolation regions based on the structural information in the fuzzy rules. The output quantizer is introduced for the controller design, and the dynamic output feedback controller with output quantizer is constructed based on the T‐S fuzzy model. Stability conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities are derived by introducing the S‐procedure, such that the closed‐loop system is stable and the solutions converge to a ball. The control design conditions are relaxed and design flexibility is enhanced because of the developed controller. By introducing the output‐space partition method and S‐procedure, the unmatched regions between the system plant and the controller caused by the quantization errors can be solved in the control design. Finally, simulations are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Set invariance under output feedback: a set-dynamics approach

The article offers a framework to define and analyse the notion of invariance with respect to output feedback under non-parametric disturbances. The motivation is that the straightforward generalisation of the definition of invariance under state feedback to the output feedback framework, namely relying only on feedback from the output, does not yield a useful notion. Our model follows standard feedback invariance considerations with, however, a crucial modification that is needed when only an observation of the state, rather than the state itself, is available. The model incorporates information gathered by the controller during the process; this is in similarity with the observer-based dynamics model; however our framework represents the information within a set dynamics. The evolution of the resulting information sets determines invariant sets and attractors of the state dynamics. The framework in this article is discrete-time control systems. We offer an analysis of the notion with results on existence of, and convergence to, output feedback invariant sets; illustrative examples related to potentially practical feedback rules are exhibited.     

线性离散切换系统的输出调节问题

利用多Lyapunov函数方法,研究线性离散切换系统的输出调节问题．在假定每个子系统都不是输出调节问题可解的条件下,分别给出了在全息反馈控制器和误差反馈控制器作用下,这类系统输出调节问题可解的两个充分条件．同时还分别给出了相应的切换律和控制器的设计方案．最后的仿真例子进一步表明了结论的有效性．     

Design of periodic output feedback and fast output sampling based controllers for systems with slow and fast modes

It is well known that the straight forward application of controller design methods to two‐time‐scale systems is susceptible to numerical ill‐conditioning and stiffness problems. However, it has been demonstrated in this paper that the presence of time‐scales can be exploited for achieving better computational efficiency in case of the design of controllers based on periodic output feedback and fast output sampling principles. In particular, an approach for design of periodic output feedback and fast output sampling controllers for a two‐time‐scale system by decomposition into a slow and a fast subsystem problems, has been presented. These smaller order problems are then separately solved and the results thus obtained for the slow and fast subsystems are combined to obtain the solution of the original design problems. The procedure has been illustrated with the help of a very simplified nuclear reactor model. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

时变关联系统的分散自适应输出反馈控制

针对一类具有动静态关联项和未建模动态的时变关联系统,通过引入输入滤波器及一系列坐标变换,给出了一种分散自适应输出反馈控制器的设计方案.当时变参数的变化率属于L1∩L∞,外界干扰属于L2∩L∞,未建模动态的幅值在某砦范围内变化时,证明了闭环系统的稳定性,且每一个子系统的输出收敛于零.仿真例子验证了这一控制方案的有效性.