Laminated magnetic flux sensor for thick-steel-plate control

This paper presents a rugged magnetic flux sensor, which can measure the thickness of steel plates and can operate reliably in the poor environment of a warehouse for thick steel plates. The sensor, consisting of a laminated sensing plate and a sensing coil, has a size of 6/spl times/6 cm/sup 2/, and it is embedded inside the core of a lifting magnet. Depending on the thickness of steel plates attached on the lifting magnet, the magnetic permeability of the core and the sensing plate changes. The thickness of steel plates is indirectly measured by measuring the changes in the magnetic flux density of the sensor. The measurement sensitivity of the magnetic flux sensor with laminated sensing plate is much better than that of a sensor with a solid sensing plate. With a proper procedure for securing measurement reliability, it is demonstrated that the sensor can measure up to 13 sheets of 6-mm steel plate.     

一种新型高量程微加速度传感器侵彻测试

设计一种新型高量程压阻式微加速度传感器,并将其应用于对钢靶和混凝土靶进行100 000 g以上的侵彻测试。实验结果表明,该传感器在侵彻钢靶具有良好的抗过载能力。对实测过载时程曲线进行系统分析,结果表明该传感器与988传感器的侵彻过载数据基本吻合;侵彻混凝土靶时出现传感器梁断裂现象,需进一步从封装方面改进。     

一种新型高量程微加速度传感器侵彻测试

设计一种新型高量程压阻式微加速度传感器.并将其应用于对铜靶和混凝土靶进行100000 g以上的侵彻测试.实验结果表明,该传感器在侵彻钢靶具有良好的抗过载能力.对实测过栽时程曲线进行系统分析,结果表明该传感器与988传感器的侵彻过载数据基本吻合:侵彻混凝土靶时出现传感器粱断裂现象.需进一步从封装方面改进.     

光纤光栅毛细钢管封装工艺及其传感特性研究

提出了一种光纤光栅的毛细钢管封装工艺,并通过材料力学多功能实验台和恒温箱对其应变与温度传感特性进行了研究。与裸光纤光栅的测试结果比较表明,毛细钢管封装工艺基本不改变光纤光栅的应变传感特性,但是温度灵敏度系数提高了约2.7倍,且线性度、重复性良好,为光纤光栅在温度测量领域的应用提供了一个很好的封装方法。     

An evaluation of the optical fiber beam as a force sensor

The present study reports the use of an intensity based plastic optical fiber (POF) as a force sensor. Different materials for beam, such as spring steel and mild steel, are used to evaluate the performance of the force sensor during macro-bending. The POF is surface bonded to a beam and subjected to force. The system relies on monitoring the light intensity, as the POF is subjected to transversal loading conditions. Experimentally obtained output of POF which could be measured with negligible hysteresis is compared with finite element analysis in the range between 0.0098 N to 19.613 N. The reproducibility of the sensor is observed in the limit of ±1%. The finding of this study highlights the potential use of POF sensors for various force sensing applications.     

一种新型金属封装的光纤法珀温度传感器

设计制作了一种金属封装的光纤法珀温度传感器,该传感器采用不锈钢毛细金属管代替传统的空心光纤对光纤法珀腔进行封装,毛细金属管在作为法珀腔腔体的同时也是温度敏感元件。采用该结构简化了光纤法珀温度传感器的封装工艺,理论分析和实验的结果表明,该金属封装结构使得传感器的灵敏度易于控制,对于腔长为10mm的温度传感器其精度达到±0.5℃。     

一种封装的光纤Bragg光栅应变传感器

采用不锈钢管对光纤布喇格(Bragg)光栅进行封装,封装后的光纤光栅作为应变传感器,灵敏系数为1.19pm/με,Bragg中心反射波长与应变呈良好的线性关系。传感器能够与被测结构紧密结合,保证应变的有效传递,便于安装,适于实际工程中的应用。     

一种增敏型光纤光栅应变传感器的开发及应用

提出了一种基于两端夹持封装技术的光纤光栅应变传感器.该传感器具有应变放大机制,测量精度超过了裸光纤光栅,而且通过改变封装工艺参数可以调节应变传递率.这种传感器既可以埋入结构中也可以通过辅助构件构成夹持式传感器.利用万能试验机对该传感器进行了应变性能标定实验,研究了不同基体材料上传感器的应变灵敏特件,并与理论分析结果作了对比.这种光纤光栅应变传感器在高层大厦模型地震试验中进行了检测.试验结果表明,基于两端夹持封装技术光纤光栅传感器具有良好的灵敏度、低噪、牢固可靠以及测量长期稳定性好的优点,是动载环境下工作的结构长期安全监测的理想器件.     

利用剪滞法对包覆光纤布拉格光栅应力传递规律的研究

报道了一种分析包覆光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器应力传递规律的方法。利用剪滞法理论将光纤布拉格光栅和其包覆材料看成一种复合体,从力学角度分析光纤布拉格光栅被包覆后的应力传递规律,得到当光纤布拉格光栅一定时,被包覆光纤布拉格光栅的应力传递系数仅与包覆材料的尺寸和杨氏模量有关。采用三种不同的包覆材料(聚合物、毛细钢管和毛细铜管)对光纤布拉格光栅进行了多个半径的封装,验证包覆光纤布拉格光栅的应力传递系数,实验证明,理论结果和实测数据基本吻合。     

Detection of buckling in steel pipeline and column by the distributed Brillouin sensor

We conducted a strain characterization experiment to monitor steel pipe and column buckling for the first time using a distributed Brillouin sensor system. Two specimens (steel pipe and column) were prepared by locally thinning the inner wall to initiate buckling. An axial load was applied to the specimens and increased while compressive strain was measured by both Brillouin sensor and strain gauges. With the Brillouin sensor, we observed compression on the whole specimens while elongation was detected in the neighborhood of the thinned wall at onset of the buckling. Both tension and compression are measured simultaneously from the same spectrum. This capability to extract both informations at the same time makes the Brillouin sensor a unique tool for structural health monitoring. The buckling was identified and localized thanks to this original approach.     

The impedance characteristics and limiting sensitivity of electrode electromagnetic-field sensors in seawater

The impedance of prototypes of electrode sensors is experimentally studied in an NaCl solution. It is demonstrated that niobium, nickel, Kh18N9T stainless steel, and titanium are the most suitable materials for the electrodes. Various methods for matching the electrode sensor with the receiver are analyzed. Transformer matching of the sensor with the receiver is recommended. At a frequency band of 1 Hz, the limiting sensitivity is no greater than 0.2 nV.     

等强度梁标定FBG传感器的误差分析与修正

针对应用等强度梁对光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)传感器进行应变标定时封装基片厚度(或封装钢管直径)对标定结果产生的影响,本文根据等强度梁的工作原理对标定过程进行了理论分析,引入应变修正系数对标定结果进行修正,并计算了裸FBG和采用直径1.5 mm钢管封装的FBG应变传感器的应变修正系数.分别应用等强度梁和万能试验机对钢管式封装的FBG应变传感器进行了标定,经修正后的等强度梁标定出的结果与万能试验机的结果完全一致.     

混凝土中钢筋腐蚀监测无线传感器节点的设计

本文提出一种混凝土结构中钢筋腐蚀监测无线传感器节点的设计方案,该节点主要由埋入式传感器和外部电路组成。埋入式传感器基于LC振荡电路,通过不同粗细钢丝的通断情况,使谐振频率发生变化,从而判断钢筋的腐蚀情况,该模块具有电路结构简单,成本低廉,无线,无源,便于工程安装实现等特点。外部电路以MSP430F149为主处理芯片,由DDS、无线数据收发芯片NtLF905等电路实现,该电路能够实时采集埋入式传感器的谐振频率变化信息,并具有通讯距离远、数据传输稳定等特点。     

降低迟滞误差的光纤光栅传感器的研究

主要针对传感器的迟滞问题,研制了一种适合做光纤光栅传感器基底材料的恒弹性铌基合金,该合金的弹性后效、弹性滞后作用很低.设计一种新的传感器结构,分别用弹簧钢和新研制的恒弹性铌基合金作基底材料,通过压力实验比较两个传感器的压力迟滞误差.实验结果表明,在0～50 MPa的压力检测范围内,弹簧钢制成的传感器在加压、减压过程中产生了较大迟滞误差,迟滞误差为0.54%;利用新合金制成的传感器迟滞误差非常小,仅为0.099%,在0～50 MPa的范围内实现线性传感.传感器具有温度补偿的功能,能够同时对温度和压力进行测量,很好地解决温度交叉敏感问题,可应用于油气井、大型储油罐等的温度和压力测量.     

一种微型光纤光栅压力传感器

设计并实现了一种新型光纤光栅压力传感器。该传感器以光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)为敏感元件,通过菱形钢结构,将压力转换为膜片横向应变,通过将光纤光栅粘于工形膜片中心轴线上,可将压力转换为光纤光栅轴向应变,通过解调光栅的中心波长漂移即可得到压力大小。传感器外壳采用圆柱体刚性封装,外高为13mm,直径为33mm。对设计的传感器进行了压力标定测试,得出传感器的线性拟合度为0.993 5,量程为0~0.234MPa,灵敏度为3.341nm/MPa。     

光纤光栅毛细钢管封装工艺及其传感特性研究

提出了一种光纤光栅 (FBG)的毛细钢管封装工艺 ,并通过材料试验和水浴法试验对其应变与温度传感特性进行了研究。与裸光纤光栅的测试结果比较表明 ,毛细钢管封装工艺基本不改变光纤光栅的应变传感特性 ,但是温度灵敏度系数提高了约 2 5倍。经过该工艺封装的光纤光栅可以探测识别 1με与 0 .0 5℃的应变与温度变化。     

无缝钢管视觉检测系统现场标定技术研究

对无缝钢管视觉检测系统的现场标定技术进行了研究,设计了悬丝靶标和经纬仪全站组结合的标定新方法,通过视觉传感器和经纬仪测量悬丝靶上的亮点,可同时实现测量系统的局部标定和全局标定。试验证明,该方法标精度能够达到±0.2 mm,并且操作简单,能够快速验证标定结果的正确性,降低了劳动强度,易于工业现场实现。     

不锈钢压力传感器管座

文章介绍了不锈钢压力传感器管座的关键技术和工艺,对管座设计和工艺过程中易出现的难题进行了分析并给出了实现方法及其结果。这种管座在抵御10000PSI的高压下仍能保证高可靠的密封性能,因而适用性特别强。     

Tensile and compressive strain measurement in the lab and fieldwith the distributed Brillouin scattering sensor

The structural strain measurement of tension and compression in the steel beam was demonstrated with a distributed fiber-optic sensor system based on Brillouin scattering. The experiments were conducted both in the laboratory and outdoors. When it is in the outdoor environment, the temperature compensation has been taken into account for the strain measurement due to sunlight radiation. The compressive strain has been measured, without needing pretension on the fiber with a Brillouin scattering-based distributed sensor system, when the fiber is glued to the steel beam at every point. The dynamic range in the strain measurement has been increased, due to the elimination of the pretension requirement. The spatial resolution of the strain measurement is 0.5 m. The strain measurement accuracy is ±10 με(μm/m) in the laboratory environment with nonuniform-distributed strain. With uniform strain distribution, the strain accuracy for this system can be. ~±5 με. These results were achieved with the introductions of a computer-controlled polarization controller, a fast digitizer-signal averager, a pulse duration control, and the electrical optical modulator bias setting in the software     

填丝激光焊对接间隙宽度检测传感器与送丝系统的研究

本文针对高质量板材对接填丝激光焊的需要,设计了对缝间隙宽度检测的传感器与送丝控制系统。间隙检测传感器采用波长780nm的半导体激光器作为辅助光源,位敏元件PSD作为接收器件,步进电机带动传感器在工件上方做横向扫描,得出对接间隙宽度的信息。根据间隙宽度与焊丝送进速度之间的关系式,计算机将所需的焊丝送进速度值送给送丝控制系统,实现填丝激光对接焊缝成形的自适应控制。在2mm厚的低碳钢板对接焊实验中,对接间隙从0.1mm连续变化到0.5mm,采用焊丝直径0.7mm,激光功率2KW,焊接速度0.8m/min,使用本套系统,成功地完成了根据检测间隙的宽度自动控制送丝速度的填丝激光焊接过程,保证了焊缝全长正反面良好的成形。